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Alzheimerova nemoc z\u00e1sadn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem ovliv\u0148uje kvalitu \u017eivota pacienta a jeho okol\u00ed. V\u010dasn\u00e1 diagnostika nemoci je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, jak pro samotn\u00e9ho pacienta, tak pro jeho p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 \u010di bl\u00edzk\u00e9, kter\u00e9 o n\u011bj pe\u010duj\u00ed. \u010c\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed rozpozn\u00e1no, t\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt stanovena l\u00e9\u010dba l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edpravky, kter\u00e9 zm\u00edr\u0148uj\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh nemoci, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b terapiemi u psychologa \u010di psychiatra. Nemoc se ned\u00e1 vyl\u00e9\u010dit, ale v\u010dasn\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba m\u016f\u017ee pacientovi zv\u00fd\u0161it kvalitu \u017eivota a odd\u00e1lit rozvoj dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n
P\u0159i podez\u0159en\u00ed na Alzheimerovou nemoc \u010di jinou formu demence by m\u011bl pacient nejprve nav\u0161t\u00edvit sv\u00e9ho v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e<\/b>.\u00a0Ten s\u00a0pacientem projde osobn\u00ed a rodinnou anamn\u00e9zu,\u00a0<\/b>ale tak\u00e9\u00a0soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a pracovn\u00ed anamn\u00e9zu, aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017ee \u010di u\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 l\u00e9ky.\u00a0<\/b>Rozhovor se tak\u00e9 zam\u011b\u0159uje na zm\u011bny v\u00a0chov\u00e1n\u00ed pacienta v\u00a0posledn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch\/letech, l\u00e9ka\u0159 m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 pohovor absolvovat s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi pacienta.<\/p>\n
Praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 d\u00e1le provede fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/b>\u00a0vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed<\/b>\u00a0(pohledem, pohmatem, poslechem, poklepem),\u00a0EKG, laboratorn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed \u2013 krve a mo\u010di, glykemie, hladiny hormon\u016f \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy atd<\/b>.\u00a0N\u00e1sledn\u011b pacienta otestuje pomoc\u00ed diagnostick\u00fdch test\u016f\u00a0<\/b>(Mini-Cog test, MMSE \u2013 viz d\u00e1le).\u00a0Na z\u00e1klad\u011b posouzen\u00ed celkov\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho stavu pacienta a v\u00fdsledk\u016f diagnostick\u00fdch test\u016f m\u016f\u017ee praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 pacienta doporu\u010dit k\u00a0podrobn\u00e9mu vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed u specialisty v\u00a0oboru neurologie, psychiatrie, geriatrie, endokrinologie<\/b>\u00a0atd.<\/p>\n
Pro to, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vylou\u010dit, zda nejsou pozorovan\u00e9 zm\u011bny zdravotn\u00edho stavu pacienta zp\u016fsobeny n\u011bjak\u00fdm jin\u00fdm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm<\/b>\u00a0\u2013 nap\u0159. neurodegenerativn\u00edm \u010di\u00a0vaskul\u00e1rn\u00edm,\u00a0m\u016f\u017ee specialista pacientovi doporu\u010dit dal\u0161\u00ed komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed<\/b>. Pou\u017eity mohou b\u00fdt nap\u0159. zobrazovac\u00ed metody jako CT (po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e1 tomografie) nebo magnetick\u00e1 rezonance apod.<\/p>\n
Prvotn\u00ed i n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de u v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e<\/b><\/p>\n
\u010casn\u00fd z\u00e1chyt Alzheimerovy nemoci \u010di jin\u00e9 formy demence je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd.\u00a0<\/b>Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 diagn\u00f3zy je\u00a0p\u0159edpokladem pro zah\u00e1jen\u00ed c\u00edlen\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby. N\u00ed\u017ee uv\u00e1d\u00edme podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace k\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm v\u00a0ordinaci praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e.<\/p>\n
\u010casn\u00fd z\u00e1chyt demence v\u00a0ordinaci praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e<\/u><\/p>\n
Jedn\u00e1 se o\u00a0preventivn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed\u00a0s c\u00edlem v\u010dasn\u00e9ho z\u00e1chytu demence, kdy je testov\u00e1na seniorsk\u00e1 populace od 65 let do 80 let 1x za dva roky v souvislosti s preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddkou.<\/p>\n
V\u0161eobecn\u00fd praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 by m\u011bl tedy jednou za dva roky u poji\u0161t\u011bnc\u016f ve v\u011bku 65-80 let v\u00a0r\u00e1mci preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky prov\u00e9st tzv. screeningov\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed \u201e\u010dasn\u00fd z\u00e1chyt demence\u201c. L\u00e9ka\u0159 sezn\u00e1m\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bnce s\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhem vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9ho je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tzv. Mini-Cog test. Proveden\u00fd test l\u00e9ka\u0159 vyhodnot\u00ed a v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby (pozitivn\u00edho v\u00fdsledku Mini-Cog testu) stanov\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd postup \u2013 a pacienta o\u00a0v\u0161em informuje.<\/p>\n
Test ment\u00e1ln\u00edch funkc\u00ed v\u00a0ordinaci praktick\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e<\/u><\/p>\n
Pokud bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u00e9mu pacientovi vy\u0161el pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledek Mini-Cog testu, provede praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 zp\u0159es\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed diagnostiku v\u00a0podob\u011b standardizovan\u00e9ho testu ment\u00e1ln\u00edch funkc\u00ed (MMSE). Test ment\u00e1ln\u00edch funkc\u00ed se tak\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u00ed u pacient\u016f s\u00a0nov\u011b zachycen\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edznaky poruchy ment\u00e1ln\u00edch funkc\u00ed \u010di\u00a0u\u00a0dispenzarizovan\u00fdch pacient\u016f s\u00a0demenc\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u00a0p\u0159edchoz\u00edch vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edch dos\u00e1hli vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho sk\u00f3re ne\u017e 6. \u010c\u00e1st testu m\u016f\u017ee prov\u00e9st tak\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed sestra.<\/p>\n
P\u00e9\u010de o pacienta s\u00a0demenci praktick\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em<\/u><\/p>\n
Pacienta, kter\u00e9ho vy\u0161et\u0159il specialista a potvrdil u n\u011bj konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed diagn\u00f3zu (Alzheimerovu nemoc \u010di jinou formu demence), si p\u0159evezme do dispenz\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de v\u0161eobecn\u00fd praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159, u kter\u00e9ho je pacient registrov\u00e1n. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci t\u00e9to n\u00e1vazn\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de, praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 zhodnot\u00ed stav pacienta a jeho ment\u00e1ln\u00edch funkc\u00ed. A pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, absolvuje praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 tak\u00e9 pohovor s\u00a0rodinn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkem \u010di pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed osobou.<\/p>\n
\u00dahrada z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n
Z\u00a0ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jsou hrazena v\u0161echna vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, ke kter\u00fdm je pacient indikov\u00e1n v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm praktick\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em \u010di specialistou<\/b>. Vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt provedena u\u00a0smluvn\u00edho poskytovatele zdravotn\u00edch slu\u017eeb, tzn. u takov\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 uzav\u0159enou smlouvu se\u00a0zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovnou pacienta.<\/p>\n
P\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek z\u00a0fondu prevence<\/b><\/p>\n
Poji\u0161t\u011bnci VZP star\u0161\u00ed 65 let\u00a0<\/b>mohou \u010derpat\u00a0p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek 500 K\u010d<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0na\u00a0kognitivn\u00ed pom\u016fcky<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0pro tr\u00e9nink pam\u011bti\u00a0<\/b>doporu\u010den\u00e9 \u010ceskou alzheimerovskou spole\u010dnost\u00ed, o.p.s.\u00a0nebo na testov\u00e1n\u00ed pam\u011bti ve vybran\u00e9 s\u00edti l\u00e9k\u00e1ren uveden\u00e9 na<\/b>\u00a0lekarnici.cz<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n (vzp)<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" OT\u00c1ZKA: Jak <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":292153,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/27\/ram-vzp.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292150"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=292150"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":292152,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292150\/revisions\/292152"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/292153"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=292150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=292150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=292150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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