{"id":278220,"date":"2023-05-30T13:59:30","date_gmt":"2023-05-30T12:59:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=278220"},"modified":"2023-06-05T19:39:10","modified_gmt":"2023-06-05T18:39:10","slug":"region-sumava-seismicka-observator-kasperske-hory-se-nove-otevira-verejnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=278220","title":{"rendered":"REGION – \u0160UMAVA: Seismick\u00e1 observato\u0159 Ka\u0161persk\u00e9 Hory se nov\u011b otev\u00edr\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Am\u00e1lino \u00fadol\u00ed na \u0160umav\u011b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Jak se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed subtiln\u00ed pohyby zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 seismick\u00fdmi vlnami od zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed a k \u010demu podrobn\u00fd z\u00e1znam zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed, se dozv\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci nov\u011b zrekonstruovan\u00e9 seismick\u00e9 observato\u0159e v Am\u00e1lin\u011b \u00fadol\u00ed Zlat\u00e9ho potoka u Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor. Exkurze zahrnuje n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu podzem\u00ed v b\u00fdval\u00e9 zlatonosn\u00e9 \u0161tole Krist\u00fdna, kde jsou um\u00edst\u011bny modern\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje, i prohl\u00eddku expozice rozmanit\u00fdch historick\u00fdch a sou\u010dasn\u00fdch seismick\u00fdch aparatur. Observato\u0159, jej\u00ed\u017e m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed k nejcitliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm na sv\u011bt\u011b, provozuje Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR. Z\u00e1jemci o prohl\u00eddku se mus\u00ed p\u0159edem objednat.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Nep\u0159\u00edtelem ka\u017ed\u00e9ho seismick\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed je \u0161um, a\u0165 u\u017e zp\u016fsoben\u00fd lidmi a jejich \u010dinnost\u00ed, jako je pohyb aut, ruch velkom\u011bsta a pr\u016fmyslu, nebo poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z p\u0159\u00edrody. Ru\u0161iv\u00fd je t\u0159eba i pohyb strom\u016f ve v\u011btru, kter\u00fd se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed p\u0159es ko\u0159eny do p\u016fdy. Observato\u0159 u Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor se v tomto smyslu nach\u00e1z\u00ed na ide\u00e1ln\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch stanic se odlehl\u00e1 samota na \u0160umav\u011b stala u\u017e v roce 1962. Dokonal\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed v podzemn\u00ed \u0161tole v kombinaci se \u0161pi\u010dkovou prac\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed zde v omezen\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch tzv. re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho socialismu vyv\u00edjeli nov\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a prosluli pe\u010dliv\u00fdm vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1znam\u016f, ji ale posunuly na sv\u011btovou \u0161pi\u010dku.<\/p>\n

\u201eZaznamen\u00e1me zde na 4000 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed ro\u010dn\u011b, z cel\u00e9 zem\u011bkoule. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jsme zachytili ni\u010div\u00e9 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Turecku v \u00fanoru leto\u0161n\u00edho roku a stovky jeho dot\u0159es\u016f, zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1me i severokorejsk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 testy a pochopiteln\u011b ve\u0161ker\u00e1 slab\u00e1 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 odpaly v lomech na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Jan Zedn\u00edk, seismolog Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR. Z\u00edskan\u00e1 data v\u011bdci poskytuj\u00ed do sv\u011btov\u00fdch datov\u00fdch center, interpretuj\u00ed je a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed tzv. katalogy zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. \u201eKatalogy zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nap\u0159\u00edklad pro zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed a aktualizace map seismick\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed,<\/em>\u201c vysv\u011btluje Jan Zedn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Hrnce pro seismografy i \u010desk\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011b<\/h6>\n

P\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky a komentovan\u00e9 prohl\u00eddky jak v observato\u0159i, tak ve \u0161tole Krist\u00fdna si n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci mus\u00ed p\u0159edem v Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edm \u00fastavu AV \u010cR objednat (kontakt: RNDr. Ale\u0161 \u0160pi\u010d\u00e1k, CSc., a<\/span>ls@ig.cas.cz.). Dozv\u00ed se v nich o historii zdej\u0161\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby zlata nebo o vztahu Karla IV. a Jana Lucembursk\u00e9ho k okoln\u00ed krajin\u011b. Zhruba 100 metr\u016f od vstupu do \u0161toly Krist\u00fdna, hluboko ve skaln\u00edm masivu, si budou moci prohl\u00e9dnout mohutn\u00e9 ocelov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby, \u201ehrnce\u201c i s poklicemi, v nich\u017e se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed seismick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje.<\/p>\n

\u201eN\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm vysv\u011btl\u00edme principy seismick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a \u0159ekneme si o v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch sv\u011btov\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lostech minulosti i sou\u010dasnosti. Sezn\u00e1m\u00edme je s obrovsk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00ednosem v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho pracovn\u00edka Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR Axela Ple\u0161ingera, kter\u00fd od 60. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed se sv\u00fdmi spolupracovn\u00edky vyv\u00edjel p\u0159\u00edstroje a z\u00e1znamov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 jsou dodnes z\u00e1kladn\u00edm principem modern\u00edch \u0161irokop\u00e1smov\u00fdch seismometr\u016f,\u201c<\/em> zd\u016fraz\u0148uje Petr Jedli\u010dka, \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00fd technik Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu, jeden z inici\u00e1tor\u016f p\u0159\u00edstrojov\u00e9 expozice pro ve\u0159ejnost.<\/p>\n

Hv\u011bzdn\u00e1 \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00e1 a sedmdes\u00e1t\u00e1 l\u00e9ta 20. stolet\u00ed<\/h6>\n

Axel Ple\u0161inger vyvinul a uvedl do rutinn\u00edho provozu prvn\u00ed \u0161irokop\u00e1smovou aparaturu pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed seismick\u00fdch vln na sv\u011bt\u011b. \u201eP\u0159\u00edstroje byly tehdy \u201enalad\u011bny\u201c na sledov\u00e1n\u00ed slab\u00fdch sign\u00e1l\u016f i z t\u011bch nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst na sv\u011bt\u011b. To je v\u0161ak pro porozum\u011bn\u00ed procesu zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed omezuj\u00edc\u00ed \u2013 jako by astronomov\u00e9 pozorovali vesm\u00edr jen v jedn\u00e9 barv\u011b spektra,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 seismolog.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edk Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e9 akademie v\u011bd Axel Ple\u0161inger se sv\u00fdmi spolupracovn\u00edky vypracoval na p\u0159elomu 60. a 70. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed koncept nov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstroje, kter\u00fd by zaznamen\u00e1val seismick\u00e9 vlny od zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v rozsahu v\u0161ech re\u00e1ln\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edch frekvenc\u00ed. Do provozu jej uvedl v roce 1972 a n\u00e1sledn\u011b vyv\u00edjel nov\u00e9 postupy i pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat. Ple\u0161inger\u016fv kolega a p\u0159\u00edtel Erhard Wielandt z Technologick\u00e9ho institutu v Curychu posl\u00e9ze zdokonalil mechanickou konstrukci seismometru. V\u00fdvoj pak d\u00e1le posunul harvardsk\u00fd expert J. M. Stein, jen\u017e vyu\u017eil ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech ji\u017e tehdy dostupn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 komponenty a syst\u00e9m doplnil digit\u00e1ln\u00edm z\u00e1znamem.<\/p>\n

\u201eTyto nov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my se posl\u00e9ze staly standardem modern\u00ed seismometrie. Lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd sou\u010dasn\u00fd \u0161irokop\u00e1smov\u00fd seismometr stoj\u00ed obrazn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno na t\u0159ech pil\u00ed\u0159\u00edch: \u010desk\u00e9 my\u0161lence, \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 mechanick\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti a americk\u00e9m po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9m know-how,\u201c<\/em> uzav\u00edr\u00e1 Petr Kol\u00e1\u0159, seismolog Geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fastavu AV \u010cR, kter\u00fd historii seismick\u00e9 observato\u0159e Ka\u0161persk\u00e9 Hory a vznik \u0161irokop\u00e1smov\u00e9 seismometrie poutav\u011b shrnul v \u010dasopisu Vesm\u00edr.<\/p>\n

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Text a foto: (tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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