{"id":278075,"date":"2026-05-01T12:10:34","date_gmt":"2026-05-01T11:10:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=278075"},"modified":"2026-05-01T12:10:34","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T11:10:34","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-kvetnove-rozjimani-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=278075","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Kv\u011btnov\u00e9 rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Kv\u011bten<\/strong>
\nZem v b\u00edl\u00e9m krajkov\u00ed von\u00edc\u00edch kv\u011bt\u016f cel\u00e1<\/em>
\ndo ticha h\u00fd\u010dk\u00e1 se. Je poledn\u00ed \u010das l\u00edn\u00fd.<\/em>
\nJe plna zlat\u00fdch skvrn silnice osam\u011bl\u00e1,<\/em>
\nv n\u00ed slunce sl\u00e9v\u00e1 se na \u017elut\u00fdch pruz\u00edch hl\u00edny.<\/em>
\nOd lesa ku vsi z\u0159\u00edm. R\u00e1z kovadliny ztichnul<\/em>
\nve chv\u00edli poledn\u00ed z kov\u00e1rny p\u0159ed vesnic\u00ed,<\/em>
\nv\u016fz \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nehr\u010del a v\u00edtr nezavzdychnul,<\/em>
\na zem je do d\u00e1lky bez hlasu, n\u011bm\u00e1, sp\u00edc\u00ed.<\/em>
\nSkrz v\u011btve chalup kou\u0159 se t\u011b\u017ece plou\u017e\u00ed str\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em>
\nv m\u011bniv\u00fdch figur\u00e1ch na nebi prosiv\u011bl\u00e9m,<\/em>
\ntak hlub\u0161\u00ed obzor je \u2013 (po \u010dlov\u011bku ni zd\u00e1n\u00ed),<\/em>
\n\u017ee ve vln odrazu v rybn\u00edku d\u0159\u00edm\u00e1 stm\u011bl\u00e9m.<\/em>
\nA zele\u0148 do d\u00e1lky, je\u017e z vlhk\u00e9 kory zem\u011b<\/em>
\nnezn\u00e1mou saje krev do \u017eiv\u00fdch p\u00f3r\u016f vlahou,<\/em>
\nm\u011bkk\u00fdmi barvami prvn\u00edho jara jemn\u011b<\/em>
\nobrovsk\u00e9 My\u0161lenky p\u0159ikr\u00fdv\u00e1 kostru nahou. .<\/em>…(Anton\u00edn Sova Kv\u011bten)<\/strong><\/p>\n

KAREL \u010cAPEK: Do m\u00e1je<\/strong>
\nTedy letos si to p\u0159\u00edroda opravdu nechala a\u017e na m\u00e1j; poupata jsou na rozpuk, pupence list\u016f u\u017eu\u017e se rozbaluj\u00ed, ale dosud nepadlo tich\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed komando: Rozvi\u0148 se! V jin\u00fdch letech si to vy\u0159\u00edd\u00ed u\u017e duben, m\u011bs\u00edc nepr\u00e1vem m\u00e9n\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00ed ne\u017e m\u00e1j. Letos poprv\u00e9 po des\u00edtk\u00e1ch let duben selhal; na\u0161e velebn\u00e1 centr\u00e1ln\u00ed poloha v tomto slzav\u00e9m \u00fadol\u00ed n\u00e1s neu\u0161et\u0159ila ani jedn\u00e9 chladn\u00e9 vlny, a\u0165 vzala sv\u016fj vznik na Baltu, nad ruskou n\u00ed\u017einou, na Balk\u00e1n\u011b nebo na ji\u017en\u00ed to\u010dn\u011b. Ztratili jsme letos vlastn\u011b dobrou polovinu jara; den za dnem se t\u011b\u0161\u00edme, \u017ee to snad p\u0159ijde z\u00edtra nebo poz\u00edt\u0159\u00ed\u2026 K\u00e9\u017e je tepleji u n\u00e1s! \u2013 ale nejenom pro vegetaci, kter\u00e1 se u\u017e ned\u00e1 potla\u010dit; ale i pro n\u00e1s; i pro lidsk\u00e1 srdce a lidsk\u00e9 mysli. Je mezi n\u00e1mi p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho sychravosti a v\u0161elik\u00fdch chladn\u00fdch vln; drsn\u00e9 bylo letos i na\u0161e mor\u00e1ln\u00ed klima. Snad i to napravit z\u016fstalo vyhrazeno m\u00e1ji; a to\u017e si na prvn\u00edho m\u00e1je navz\u00e1jem p\u0159ejme: K\u00e9\u017e je tepleji!<\/em>
\nLidov\u00e9 noviny 1. 5. 1931<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00e1t\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc ozna\u010dujeme v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b jako kv\u011bten. Je to nasnad\u011b, p\u0159\u00edroda rozkv\u00e9t\u00e1. Setkat se m\u016f\u017eeme i s pojmenov\u00e1n\u00edm m\u00e1j, kter\u00e9 je v\u0161ak dodnes zn\u00e1mo v\u011bt\u0161inou jen z pranostik, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201eStuden\u00fd m\u00e1j, v stodole r\u00e1j\u201c, kde bychom u\u017eit\u00edm slova kv\u011bten zkazili r\u00fdm, nebo m\u00e1jov\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165. Ale pro\u010d vlastn\u011b kv\u011bten \u201evy\u0159adil\u201c z kalend\u00e1\u0159e m\u00e1j? Historie vzniku n\u00e1zvu kv\u011bten je ojedin\u011bl\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem, kdy p\u016fvodn\u00ed pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce bylo nahrazeno jin\u00fdm. V\u00fdraz m\u00e1j poch\u00e1z\u00ed z latiny a odvozuje se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b od \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9 bohyn\u011b zem\u011b a r\u016fstu jm\u00e9nem Maia. Naopak pro n\u00e1s b\u011b\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1zev p\u00e1t\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce kv\u011bten je v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b pom\u011brn\u011b nov\u00fd, a\u017e z doby n\u00e1rodn\u00edho obrozen\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Poprv\u00e9 ho v roce 1805 pou\u017eil Josef Jungmann p\u0159i p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed Chateaubriandovy Ataly \u2013 ve francouzsk\u00e9m origin\u00e1le na odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b bylo \u201ala lune des fleurs\u2018, ve francouz\u0161tin\u011b neb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed kv\u011btna. P\u0159i p\u0159ekladu si Jungmann z\u0159ejm\u011b vypomohl polsk\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem jednoho z m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, kwiecie\u0144, proto\u017ee obratu v origin\u00e1le l\u00e9pe odpov\u00eddal. N\u00e1zev kv\u011bten se v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b rychle ujal, d\u016fvodem z\u0159ejm\u011b byla snaha nahradit domn\u011bl\u00fd germanismus m\u00e1j slovem dom\u00e1c\u00edm. V\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed n\u00e1zvy m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f jsou toti\u017e dom\u00e1c\u00edho, nep\u0159ejat\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n

P\u00e1t\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc roku se v\u0161ak mohl jmenovat \u00fapln\u011b jinak. N\u00e1zev traven nebo tr\u00e1ven pat\u0159\u00ed k pokus\u016fm p\u0159evz\u00edt star\u00e9 slovansk\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed pro tento m\u011bs\u00edc z doby p\u0159edobrozensk\u00e9ho purismu \u2013 op\u011bt ve snaze nahradit m\u00e1j. Jde o star\u00fd n\u00e1zev kv\u011btna \u010di dubna odvozen\u00fd od praslovansk\u00e9ho slova trava, tr\u00e1va, jako takzvan\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce tr\u00e1vy. Tedy m\u011bs\u00edce, kdy se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 s pastvou dobytka na zelen\u00e9 tr\u00e1v\u011b. Nebo podle jin\u00e9ho vysv\u011btlen\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edce, kdy za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 r\u016fst tr\u00e1va. N\u00e1zev se neujal, p\u016fsobil nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fastrojn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Z hlediska pranostik jsou jednozna\u010dn\u011b nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ledov\u00ed mu\u017ei a pranostiky o nich mluv\u00ed takto. P\u0159ed Serv\u00e1cem nen\u00ed l\u00e9ta, po Serv\u00e1ci s mrazy veta. Pankr\u00e1c, Serv\u00e1c, Bonif\u00e1c pro sada\u0159e jsou zl\u00ed chlapci. Pan Serboni p\u00e1l\u00ed stromy. Obecn\u00e9 pranostiky pro kv\u011bten jsou n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed. Studen\u00fd m\u00e1j, v stodole r\u00e1j. V m\u00e1ji aby ani h\u016fl past\u00fd\u0159ova neoschla. M\u00e1jov\u00e1 kapka plat\u00ed za duk\u00e1t. Kdy\u017e m\u00e1j vl\u00e1hy ned\u00e1, \u010derven se p\u0159ed\u00e1. Kdy\u017e se v m\u00e1ji bl\u00fdsk\u00e1, sedl\u00e1k si v\u00fdsk\u00e1. Mokr\u00fd m\u00e1j, v stodole r\u00e1j. Ve\u010dern\u00ed rosy v m\u00e1ji hodn\u011b sena daj\u00ed. V m\u00e1ji h\u0159\u00edmoty ned\u011blaj\u00ed trampoty. Chladno a ve\u010dern\u00ed mlhy v m\u00e1ji hojnost ovoce a sena daj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Kv\u011bten <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":374272,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/01\/ram-kveten.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278075"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=278075"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278075\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":374271,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/278075\/revisions\/374271"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/374272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=278075"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=278075"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=278075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}