{"id":277148,"date":"2023-04-16T21:55:14","date_gmt":"2023-04-16T20:55:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=277148"},"modified":"2023-04-16T21:55:14","modified_gmt":"2023-04-16T20:55:14","slug":"dtest-umela-inteligence-spotrebitel-v-ohrozeni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=277148","title":{"rendered":"dTest: Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence, spot\u0159ebitel v ohro\u017een\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence se st\u00e1v\u00e1 jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch spole\u010densk\u00fdch t\u00e9mat. Jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchod mnoz\u00ed ozna\u010duj\u00ed za ud\u00e1lost p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm srovnatelnou s pr\u016fmyslovou revoluc\u00ed. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s modely zalo\u017een\u00fdmi na strojov\u00e9m u\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci v prav\u00e9m slova smyslu st\u00e1le vzd\u00e1leny. Rizika jsou v\u0161ak hmatateln\u00e1 ji\u017e nyn\u00ed. Spot\u0159ebitel\u016fm proto nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e se p\u0159ipravit na front\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fatok na jejich smyslov\u00e9 \u00fastroj\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Pokud v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b buj\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 debata o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci (AI z angl. artificial intelligence), zpravidla se t\u00fdk\u00e1 vysp\u011bl\u00fdch jazykov\u00fdch model\u016f (syst\u00e9m\u016f) zalo\u017een\u00fdch na tzv. strojov\u00e9m u\u010den\u00ed. Syst\u00e9m nem\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed, ale na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f \u010dlov\u011bka pracuje s ur\u010ditou datab\u00e1zi informac\u00ed. Tyto informace na z\u00e1klad\u011b definovan\u00fdch algoritm\u016f vyhodnocuje, propojuje a dopl\u0148uje. F\u00e1ze u\u010den\u00ed se n\u00e1sledn\u011b projevuje v tom smyslu, \u017ee syst\u00e9m pracuje s ur\u010ditou m\u00edrou pravd\u011bpodobnosti a s\u00e1m rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1 charakteristick\u00e9 vzorce mezi modelov\u00fdmi dotazy a odpov\u011b\u010fmi, kter\u00e9 program\u00e1tor ozna\u010d\u00ed za uspokojiv\u00e9. Tuto \u201ezku\u0161enost\u201c je syst\u00e9m schopen vyu\u017e\u00edt p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edch slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u00fakolech, ani\u017e by bylo nutn\u00e9 jeho algoritmy d\u00e1le ru\u010dn\u011b upravovat.<\/p>\n

\u0158ada p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce rizik<\/h6>\n

Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence se v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b patrn\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u011b uplatn\u00ed v \u0159ad\u011b profes\u00ed. Jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednos bude patrn\u00fd nejprve p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed stereotypn\u00edch kancel\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch \u00faloh, v p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b odpov\u011bd\u00ed na st\u00e1le se opakuj\u00edc\u00ed dotazy, p\u0159i vypl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed formul\u00e1\u0159\u016f, pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, t\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed dat \u010di p\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed jednoduch\u00fdch textov\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f. S um\u011blou inteligenci se v\u0161ak poj\u00ed tak\u00e9 \u0159ada bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch rizik, kter\u00e9 jsou nav\u00edc umocn\u011bny jej\u00edm p\u0159ekotn\u00fdm v\u00fdvojem. Na co si v\u0161ak v souvislosti s um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed mus\u00ed d\u00e1t spot\u0159ebitel pozor?<\/p>\n

Schopnost efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho sb\u011bru a t\u0159\u00edd\u011bn\u00ed dat bude dozajista l\u00e1kav\u00e1 pro spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 se zab\u00fdvaj\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00edm osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f a jejich marketingov\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed. Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence se tak m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t schopn\u00fdm pomocn\u00edkem nov\u00fdch \u0161mejd\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou z\u00edskan\u00e9 informace o spot\u0159ebitel\u00edch, jejich historii vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed na internetu a aktivitu na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch vyu\u017e\u00edt k manipulaci s c\u00edlem ovlivnit jejich ekonomick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u201e\u010cast\u011bji se budeme setk\u00e1vat s personalizovan\u00fdmi slevov\u00fdmi a cenov\u00fdmi nab\u00eddkami, s \u010dl\u00e1nky a recenzemi, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s budou utvrzovat v n\u00e1kupu v\u00fdrobku, kter\u00fd jsme se sna\u017eili vyhledat na internetu apod. Ot\u00e1zky ochrany osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, regulace zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f a jej\u00ed vymahatelnost se tak st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Personalizovan\u00e9 nab\u00eddky nav\u00edc mohou znepr\u016fhlednit nab\u00eddky na trhu a ve sv\u00e9m d\u016fsledku p\u016fsobit diskrimina\u010dn\u011b v\u016f\u010di jin\u00fdm spot\u0159ebitel\u016fm,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1, \u0159editelka spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace dTest.<\/p>\n

Manipulace v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed kon\u010dit pouze u nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed. Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence m\u016f\u017ee stejn\u011b dob\u0159e t\u0159\u00eddit a vyhodnocovat \u0161irokou paletu ve\u0159ejn\u011b projevovan\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f. V nespr\u00e1vn\u00fdch rukou se proto m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t efektivn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem k \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed a nepravdiv\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v p\u0159esn\u011b zac\u00edlen\u00e9mu publiku. \u201eP\u0159i pohledu na obr\u00e1zky vygenerovan\u00e9 um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed pape\u017ee Franti\u0161ka v p\u00e9\u0159ov\u00e9 bund\u011b \u010di dramatick\u00e9 zat\u00fdk\u00e1n\u00ed Donalda Trumpa, kter\u00e9 se v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b objevily ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m prostoru, se lze d\u016fvodn\u011b ob\u00e1vat nap\u0159\u00edklad podoby p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch volebn\u00edch kampan\u00ed. Z d\u016fvod\u016f enormn\u00edho pokroku se nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017eeme brzy do\u010dkat nejen obr\u00e1zk\u016f ale i vygenerovan\u00fdch vide\u00ed, kter\u00e9 budou k nerozezn\u00e1n\u00ed od skute\u010dn\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamu,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u0159editelka dTestu.<\/p>\n

Pozor si budeme muset d\u00e1t tak\u00e9 na bezpe\u010dnost a pravideln\u00e9 aktualizace ve\u0161ker\u00fdch s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jako jsou modemy, wifi routery, ale tak\u00e9 mobiln\u00ed telefony a po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Hacke\u0159i s vyu\u017eit\u00edm vir\u016f s prvky um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence budou m\u00edt snaz\u0161\u00ed cestu k napaden\u00ed t\u011bchto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed phishingov\u00fdmi a jin\u00fdmi \u00fatoky a k n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 kr\u00e1de\u017ei dat \u010di identity. \u201eZ mo\u017en\u00fdch rizik, kter\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence p\u0159edstavuje, je patrn\u00e9, \u017ee spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 budou nuceni ve\u0161ker\u00e9 informace n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b ov\u011b\u0159ovat z n\u011bkolika zdroj\u016f a b\u00fdt v\u00edce ne\u017e kdy d\u0159\u00edve obez\u0159etn\u00ed p\u0159i sd\u00edlen\u00ed osobn\u00edch a citliv\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1 ze spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace dTest.<\/p>\n

Je mo\u017en\u00e9 um\u011blou inteligenci regulovat?<\/h6>\n

Z pohledu regulace AI p\u0159edstavuje rovn\u011b\u017e neb\u00fdvalou v\u00fdzvu. Na n\u011bkter\u00e9 aspekty spojen\u00e9 s riziky, kter\u00e9 plynou z jej\u00edho rozvoje, m\u00e1 na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni odpov\u00eddat p\u0159ipravovan\u00fd akt o um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci. Ten m\u00e1 um\u011blou inteligenci p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm definovat, rozt\u0159\u00eddit jednotliv\u00e9 syst\u00e9my zalo\u017een\u00e9 na um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligenci podle toho, jak\u00e9 pro spole\u010dnost p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed riziko a nastavit z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla jejich u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Z n\u00e1vrhu aktu plyne, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 vysoce rizikov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence by m\u011bly b\u00fdt zcela zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny. Jedn\u00e1 se nap\u0159\u00edklad o syst\u00e9my vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed podprahov\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di takzvan\u00fd social-scoring, tedy oce\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u016f ur\u010ditou hodnotou \u010di sk\u00f3re podle jejich vlastnost\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9ho \u010di soci\u00e1ln\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed. N\u00e1vrh m\u00e1 d\u00e1le zav\u00e9st \u0159adu povinnost\u00ed pro poskytovatele syst\u00e9m\u016f um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s hodnocen\u00edm jejich rizik, transparentnost\u00ed a informov\u00e1n\u00edm spot\u0159ebitele. Povinnosti v\u016f\u010di spot\u0159ebiteli mohou zahrnovat uveden\u00ed informace o tom, zda a jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem je AI vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na, nap\u0159\u00edklad ke zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed dat spot\u0159ebitele, p\u0159i koupi zbo\u017e\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed navazuj\u00edc\u00edch c\u00edlen\u00fdch nab\u00eddek.<\/p>\n

\u201eVedle t\u011bchto povinnost\u00ed se d\u00e1le nab\u00edz\u00ed cel\u00e1 \u0159ada opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 teoreticky \u0159e\u0161\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e1 rizika spojen\u00e1 s u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. Mezi takov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pat\u0159it z\u00e1kaz pou\u017eit\u00ed podoby \u010di hlasu re\u00e1ln\u00fdch osobnost\u00ed bez jejich souhlasu, ozna\u010den\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho obsahu generovan\u00e9ho um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed \u010di povinnost informovat spot\u0159ebitele o tom, \u017ee komunikuje s um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed a mo\u017enost \u201eodvolat se\u201c v takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b k \u017eiv\u00e9 osob\u011b. V\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto pravidel v\u0161ak p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed pozd\u011b a ve sv\u011bt\u011b gllob\u00e1ln\u00edho otev\u0159en\u00e9ho internetu jsou nav\u00edc v podstat\u011b nevymahateln\u00e1,\u201c<\/em> popisuje Hek\u0161ov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

A jak\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed by spot\u0159ebitel\u016fm k potla\u010den\u00ed rizik souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s um\u011blou inteligenc\u00ed dala sama AI? (Odpov\u011b\u010f z\u00edskan\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ChatGPT Mar 23 Version):<\/h6>\n

1. Bu\u010fte obez\u0159etn\u00ed p\u0159i sd\u00edlen\u00ed sv\u00fdch osobn\u00edch dat. P\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lejte o tom, co sd\u00edl\u00edte online a s k\u00fdm. Sledujte, jak jsou va\u0161e osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny a jak\u00e9 jsou va\u0161e mo\u017enosti ochrany soukrom\u00ed.<\/p>\n

2. Vyu\u017e\u00edvejte spolehliv\u00e9 softwarov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje. Zkontrolujte, zda jsou spolehliv\u00e9 a zda v\u00e1m poskytuj\u00ed dostate\u010dnou ochranu. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee v\u00e1m nainstalovan\u00fd software nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed v\u00edce \u0161kody ne\u017e u\u017eitku.<\/p>\n

3. Sledujte, jak se v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a spole\u010dnosti chovaj\u00ed k etick\u00fdm ot\u00e1zk\u00e1m t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edm se um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence. Sledujte novinky v t\u00e9to oblasti, z\u00fa\u010dast\u0148ujte se diskuz\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vejte se. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce budete rozum\u011bt t\u00e9to technologii, t\u00edm l\u00e9pe budete schopni ji pou\u017e\u00edvat a minimalizovat p\u0159itom rizika spojen\u00e1 s jej\u00edm vyu\u017eit\u00edm. Odpov\u011b\u010f um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence lze doplnit i o odkaz na bro\u017euru Pen\u00edze a (ne)bezpe\u010dn\u00fd internet<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

Pokud spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 maj\u00ed ot\u00e1zky k tomuto t\u00e9matu, mohou se obr\u00e1tit na bezplatnou spot\u0159ebitelskou poradnu dTestu, a to elektronicky na www.dtest.cz\/spotrebitelska-poradna<\/strong><\/a> nebo telefonicky na \u010d\u00edslo 299 149 009.<\/p>\n

dTest<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Um\u011bl\u00e1 inteligence <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":277150,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,87],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/16\/ram-inteligence.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277148"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=277148"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277148\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":277151,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277148\/revisions\/277151"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/277150"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=277148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=277148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=277148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}