{"id":273645,"date":"2026-02-15T12:19:17","date_gmt":"2026-02-15T11:19:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=273645"},"modified":"2026-02-15T12:19:17","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T11:19:17","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-o-popelecni-strede","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=273645","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: O Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159ed\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

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V Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edu se konaj\u00ed v kostel\u00edch m\u0161e, na kter\u00fdch se ud\u011bluje takzvan\u00fd popelec. V\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed dostanou na \u010delo ozna\u010den\u00ed popelem jako znamen\u00ed kaj\u00edcnosti. Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159eda a pak tak\u00e9 Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek jsou v k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 tradici ch\u00e1p\u00e1ny jako p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 postn\u00ed dny. V\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed by nem\u011bli j\u00edst maso a m\u011bli by vynechat jedno ze dvou hlavn\u00edch j\u00eddel dne. Od\u0159eknut\u00ed si dobr\u00e9ho j\u00eddla, pit\u00ed a z\u00e1bavy by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt c\u00edlem, ale prost\u0159edkem pro to, aby se \u010dlov\u011bk zti\u0161il a povzbudil k dobr\u00fdm skutk\u016fm.<\/h6>\n

S koncem vesnick\u00e9ho masopustu a za\u010d\u00e1tkem p\u016fstu by m\u011bly podle tradice skon\u010dit i p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 m\u011bstsk\u00e9 plesov\u00e9 sezony, muziky, tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavy, hlu\u010dn\u00e9 svatby, zabija\u010dky a hodov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pouze na n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo m\u00edstech lid\u00e9 dodr\u017eovali tak\u00e9 \u201epytlov\u00fd \u010dtvrtek\u201c, tedy \u010dtvrtek po Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159ed\u011b, kdy se doj\u00eddaly posledn\u00ed zbytky z masopustn\u00edch hod\u016f a v\u0161echno se takzvan\u011b zpytlovalo.<\/p>\n

V obdob\u00ed ran\u00e9ho k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed existovala praxe ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho pok\u00e1n\u00ed po sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho h\u0159\u00edchu. Kaj\u00edcn\u00edk byl na za\u010d\u00e1tku Postn\u00ed doby biskupem vyzv\u00e1n, aby zah\u00e1jil ulo\u017een\u00e9 pok\u00e1n\u00ed. Obl\u00e9kl se do kaj\u00edc\u00edho roucha a hlavu si posypal popelem. Ob\u0159adn\u011b byl vyk\u00e1z\u00e1n z kostela a p\u0159ed vchodem a\u017e do Velikonoc \u017e\u00e1dal k\u0159es\u0165any o modlitbu. Instituce ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho pok\u00e1n\u00ed se je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed koncem prvn\u00edho tis\u00edcilet\u00ed postupn\u011b vytr\u00e1cela, av\u0161ak v\u00fdmluvn\u00e9 gesto kaj\u00edc\u00edho syp\u00e1n\u00ed popela na hlavu se za\u010dalo uplat\u0148ovat u v\u0161ech \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f bohoslu\u017eeb.<\/p>\n

Pape\u017e Urban II. doporu\u010dil tento oby\u010dej na Beneventsk\u00e9 synod\u011b 1091 pro celou c\u00edrkev. Mu\u017e\u016fm se popel sypal na hlavu, \u017eeny kv\u016fli povinn\u00e9mu z\u00e1voji byly popelem znamen\u00e1ny na \u010dele ve tvaru k\u0159\u00ed\u017eku. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed modlitba pro \u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed popela se objevila a\u017e v 11. stolet\u00ed. P\u0159edpis, podle kter\u00e9ho m\u00e1 b\u00fdt pou\u017eit popel ze sv\u011bcen\u00fdch ratolest\u00ed Kv\u011btn\u00e9 ned\u011ble p\u0159edchoz\u00edho roku, poch\u00e1z\u00ed a\u017e z 12. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Na Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edu se nesm\u011blo pr\u00e1t pr\u00e1dlo, proto\u017ee by z\u016fstalo po cel\u00fd rok stejn\u011b \u0161pinav\u00e9. Pila se sv\u011bcen\u00e1 voda nebo ko\u0159alka, aby byli lid\u00e9 v l\u00e9t\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bni p\u0159ed kom\u00e1ry, a kdo pekl chl\u00e9b, tomu tento den p\u0159i pe\u010den\u00ed \u00fadajn\u011b pom\u00e1hal s\u00e1m P\u00e1n B\u016fh se v\u0161emi svat\u00fdmi. Na vesnic\u00edch chodily r\u00e1no \u017eeny s hrncem, ve kter\u00e9m m\u011bly rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 m\u00fddlo, a nat\u00edraly tv\u00e1\u0159e mu\u017e\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se st\u00e1le neprobrali z masopustu. Kdo se tomu cht\u011bl ubr\u00e1nit, musel se vykoupit. Za vyd\u011blan\u00e9 pen\u00edze si pak \u017eeny kupovaly sladk\u00fd lik\u00e9r a spole\u010dn\u011b ho pop\u00edjely. Jinde zase chod\u00edval od staven\u00ed ke staven\u00ed s lucernou v ruce sm\u011b\u0161n\u011b oble\u010den\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk a p\u0159edst\u00edral, \u017ee hled\u00e1 ztracen\u00fd masopust. Pot\u00e9, co mu n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed povolili hledat u nich doma, prohled\u00e1val ka\u017ed\u00fd kout a lid\u00e9 ho se sm\u00edchem pozorovali. Za to dostal n\u011bjak\u00e9 zbytky z masopustu.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> ADAM, Adolf. Liturgick\u00fd rok; historick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj a sou\u010dasn\u00e1 praxe. Praha: Vy\u0161ehrad, 1998. ISBN 80-7021-269-1. Kapitola Popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159eda<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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