{"id":270491,"date":"2026-01-17T11:34:36","date_gmt":"2026-01-17T10:34:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=270491"},"modified":"2026-01-17T11:34:36","modified_gmt":"2026-01-17T10:34:36","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-v-lednu-na-sumave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=270491","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: V lednu na \u0160umav\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

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 <\/p>\n

Leden<\/strong>
\nO k\u0159ehk\u00e9 holi, kut\u00e9 z ledu,<\/em>
\njde leden, p\u0159\u00edtel neposed\u016f;<\/em>
\nti, u\u0161i skryt\u00e9 do beranic,<\/em>
\nse sm\u00edchem b\u011b\u017e\u00ed v\u011btrem v\u00e1nic.<\/em>
\nTo nen\u00ed h\u016fl a rampouch ani,<\/em>
\njej\u017e najde\u0161 v oknech po sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed,<\/em>
\nto starod\u00e1vn\u00e1 p\u00ed\u0161\u0165ala je<\/em>
\na ze v\u0161ech nejsmutn\u011bji hraje,<\/em>
\nkdy\u017e do hork\u00fdch ji vezme\u0161 dlan\u00ed.<\/em>
\nO smutku zp\u00edv\u00e1 v b\u00edl\u00e9 kr\u00e1se<\/em>
\na ihned v slz\u00e1ch rozpl\u00fdv\u00e1 se.<\/em> (Jaroslav Seifert)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nLidov\u00e9 zvyky a tradice kdysi doprov\u00e1zely \u017eivot lid\u00ed b\u011bhem cel\u00e9ho roku. Zejm\u00e9na na venkov\u011b, kter\u00fd byl v\u017edy v\u00edce ne\u017e m\u011bsto sv\u00e1zan\u00fd s p\u0159\u00edrodou a jej\u00edmi \u017eivly. Zvyky byly spjaty p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm se \u017eivotem c\u00edrkve \u2013 jednotliv\u00e9 sv\u00e1tky, ud\u00e1losti a v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed v\u017edy dopl\u0148ovaly lidov\u00e9 slavnosti\u2026<\/h6>\n

Den se n\u00e1m za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 pomali\u010dku prodlu\u017eovat, Slunce se op\u011bt uj\u00edm\u00e1 vl\u00e1dy a ka\u017ed\u00fdm dnem dostoup\u00e1 na nebi o n\u011bco v\u00fd\u0161e. B\u011bhem ledna se sv\u011btl\u00fd den celkem prodlou\u017e\u00ed o hodinu a p\u011bt minut, tak\u017ee pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b o n\u011bjak\u00e9 dv\u011b minuty denn\u011b. Na\u0161i p\u0159edci si p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch jev\u016f v\u0161\u00edmali v\u00edce ne\u017e my a s vd\u011bkem v\u00edtali prodlu\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed dne. Ten pomysln\u00fd krok znamenal zase o n\u011bco v\u00edce sv\u011btla, krat\u0161\u00ed ve\u010dery a prvn\u00ed krok k sice st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b dalek\u00e9mu, ale za to vytou\u017een\u00e9mu jaru. M\u011bs\u00edc leden b\u00fdval d\u0159\u00edve pova\u017eov\u00e1n za m\u011bs\u00edc odpo\u010dinku, jeliko\u017e se nedalo pracovat v lese ani na poli. Slovo \u201eodpo\u010dinek\u201c bylo v\u0161ak zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00e1len\u00ed se na peci!<\/p>\n

Dokud to po\u010das\u00ed umo\u017enilo, opravovala se lidsk\u00e1 staven\u00ed, zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbytky a stroje a n\u00e1\u010din\u00ed se chystaly na p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed sez\u00f3nu. Pouze v dob\u00e1ch t\u0159eskut\u00fdch mraz\u016f se lid\u00e9 p\u0159esouvali dovnit\u0159 staven\u00ed. Byla to doba, kdy se \u010dlenov\u00e9 rodiny sesedli u rozeh\u0159\u00e1t\u00fdch kamen a za zvuku praskaj\u00edc\u00edch pol\u00ednek si vypr\u00e1v\u011bli poh\u00e1dky i tajemn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy. Tehdy se rodily dodnes pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 b\u00e1je a pov\u011bsti. I p\u0159es nelehkou dobu to b\u00fdval \u010das v\u0161emi milovan\u00fd. \u017deny jej vyu\u017e\u00edvaly na p\u0159eden\u00ed p\u0159\u00edz\u00ed, dran\u00ed pe\u0159\u00ed, tkan\u00ed kobere\u010dk\u016f, \u0161it\u00ed, vy\u0161\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, pali\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo pleten\u00ed prout\u011bn\u00fdch ko\u0161\u00edk\u016f. P\u00e1nov\u00e9 se v\u011bnovali pr\u00e1ci se d\u0159evem nebo prout\u00edm a pod jejich rukama vznikaly va\u0159e\u010dky, m\u011bcha\u010dky, hr\u00e1b\u011b \u010di ko\u0161\u0165ata nebo t\u0159eba obl\u00edben\u00e9 pantofle, zvan\u00e9 d\u0159ev\u00e1ky. Ru\u010dn\u011b se vyr\u00e1b\u011bly i st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed \u0161indele. Prodej t\u011bchto v\u00fdrobk\u016f byl \u010dasto jedin\u00fdm zimn\u00edm zdrojem p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u011b\u0159it, \u010di nev\u011b\u0159it lidov\u00fdm pranostik\u00e1m? V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed se jim jen shov\u00edvav\u011b usm\u00edv\u00e1. Na\u0161i p\u0159edci nem\u011bli nic podobn\u00e9ho jako je Hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav se v\u0161emi p\u0159\u00edstroji, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017eou p\u0159edpov\u011bd\u011bt po\u010das\u00ed, ani nem\u011bli televizi nebo rozhlas, aby se ka\u017ed\u00fd ve\u010der dozv\u011bd\u011bli ze zpr\u00e1v, zda je z\u00edtra \u010dek\u00e1 slunce, d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 nebo siln\u00fd v\u00edtr. Byli odk\u00e1z\u00e1ni sami na sebe, na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody, na p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed z generace na generaci. Ne zcela bez\u00fa\u010deln\u011b se t\u011bmto informac\u00edm \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 lidov\u00e1 moudrost. Tyto rady byly na\u0161imi p\u0159edky po stalet\u00ed vyzkou\u0161en\u00e9 a fungovaly.<\/p>\n

K lednu se v\u00e1\u017ee asi \u00fapln\u011b nejv\u00edc pranostik ze v\u0161ech ro\u010dn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Mezi nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed po\u0159ekadlo \u201eJak na Nov\u00fd rok, tak po cel\u00fd rok\u201c. Poch\u00e1z\u00ed z doby, kdy je\u0161t\u011b silvestrovsk\u00e9 bujar\u00e9 oslavy neexistovaly a lid\u00e9 na Nov\u00fd rok vst\u00e1vali st\u0159\u00edzliv\u00ed, odpo\u010dat\u00ed a plni energie. V\u011bt\u0161ina star\u00fdch lidov\u00fdch r\u010den\u00ed se v\u0161ak vztahuje k po\u010das\u00ed. Zima m\u00edvala za \u00fakol p\u0159ipravit p\u016fdu na jarn\u00ed v\u00fdsadbu a d\u00e1t z\u00e1klad dobr\u00e9 budouc\u00ed \u00farod\u011b. P\u016fda pod sn\u011bhem odpo\u010d\u00edvala a nab\u00edrala s\u00edlu a dostate\u010dn\u00e9 mrazy likvidovaly choroby a \u0161k\u016fdce. Naopak tepl\u00e9 a de\u0161tiv\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed bylo v tuto dobu ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, proto\u017ee p\u016fdu zna\u010dn\u011b vysilovalo. V pranostik\u00e1ch na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f jsou ukryta moudra i \u017eivotn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti, je\u017e plat\u00ed dodnes. Sta\u010d\u00ed jim jen um\u011bt dob\u0159e naslouchat.<\/p>\n

M\u011bs\u00edc je charakteristick\u00fdm p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pranostikou: \u201eLeden ve dne sv\u00edt\u00ed, v noci p\u00e1l\u00ed.\u201c, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee ve dne je jas a v noci siln\u011b p\u00e1l\u00ed mr\u00e1z. V prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b ledna jsou \u010dast\u00e9 inverze, kdy se cel\u00fd den v ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch poloh\u00e1ch dr\u017e\u00ed chladno. Co se t\u00fd\u010de zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, je b\u011bhem ledna nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mr\u00e1z. Teplo a d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 nejsou p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9 pro zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed. Tepl\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed m\u00e1 za n\u00e1sledek prodlou\u017een\u00ed zimy a opo\u017ed\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edchod jara, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje n\u00e1stup zelen\u00e9ho krmen\u00ed. Po des\u00e1t\u00e9m lednu \u010dasto p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed tzv. \u201eps\u00ed dny\u201c \u2013 lednov\u00e9 ps\u00ed dny (tak\u00e9 zima, \u017ee by psa nevyhnal). Koncem ledna \u010dasto p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed oteplen\u00ed, co\u017e se v pranostik\u00e1ch objevuje jako hromni\u010dn\u00ed obleva.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Leden <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":366596,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/17\/ram-v-lednu.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270491"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=270491"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":366595,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270491\/revisions\/366595"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/366596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=270491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=270491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=270491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}