{"id":269002,"date":"2025-12-05T19:32:46","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T18:32:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=269002"},"modified":"2025-12-05T19:32:46","modified_gmt":"2025-12-05T18:32:46","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-o-adventnim-kalendari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=269002","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: O adventn\u00edm kalend\u00e1\u0159i"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Jedn\u00edm z jev\u016f, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1zej\u00ed adventn\u00ed dobu, jsou adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159e. I kdy\u017e nen\u00ed spousta \u010desk\u00fdch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch, k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 zvyklosti dodr\u017euje. Jednou z nich je po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00fd odpo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 prosincov\u00e9 dny od za\u010d\u00e1tku adventu do \u0160t\u011bdr\u00e9ho dne.<\/h6>\n

Adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159e se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed oblib\u011b u t\u011bch nejmen\u0161\u00edch. Ne v\u017edy v\u0161ak byly pln\u00e9 \u010dokol\u00e1dy. M\u011bly tak\u00e9, a st\u00e1le maj\u00ed, mnoho podob. Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b pap\u00edrov\u00e9 adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159e a jak\u00e1 je jejich historie? V\u00fdznam adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 po celou dobu nem\u011bnn\u00fd. M\u00e1 d\u011btem zp\u0159\u00edjemnit \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den a m\u016f\u017ee je i n\u011bco nau\u010dit. Na n\u011bkter\u00fdch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u00edch bychom mohli naj\u00edt v\u00fdjevy z Bible anebo poselstv\u00ed adventn\u00ed doby.<\/p>\n

Nejstar\u0161\u00ed adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159e m\u011bly podobu um\u011bleck\u00fdch d\u011bl. Ten \u00fapln\u011b prvn\u00ed, ru\u010dn\u011b vyroben\u00fd, vznikl v roce 1851, kter\u00fd obsahoval biblick\u00e9 motivy. Ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd a s barevn\u00fdmi obr\u00e1zky p\u0159ilepen\u00fdmi na lepence vytvo\u0159il v roce 1908 mnichovsk\u00fd tiska\u0159 Gerhard Lang z Maulbronnu. Ne\u017e se stal komer\u010dn\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm, slou\u017eil ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch jako pom\u016fcka v hodin\u00e1ch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Obsahoval toti\u017e 24 b\u00e1sni\u010dek, ke kter\u00fdm m\u011bly d\u011bti za \u00fakol nalepit r\u016fzn\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky. Na \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den z obr\u00e1zk\u016f vznikl v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdjev zimn\u00ed krajiny. Pojmenoval ho \u201cV zemi Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161kov\u011b\u201d.<\/p>\n

O p\u00e1r let pozd\u011bji vytvo\u0159il kalend\u00e1\u0159 s mal\u00fdmi otev\u00edrac\u00edmi dv\u00ed\u0159ky. A jeliko\u017e slavil velk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch, za\u010daly postupem \u010dasu vznikat dal\u0161\u00ed verze. N\u011bkter\u00e9 kalend\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159ipom\u00ednaly \u010d\u00e1sti vesnic, v n\u00ed\u017e byla d\u016fmysln\u011b ukryt\u00e1 ok\u00e9nka. Kdy\u017e jej d\u00edt\u011b na\u0161lo a otev\u0159elo, \u010dekal je za odm\u011bnu obr\u00e1zek, ver\u0161\u00edk \u010di citace z Bible. V\u00fdrobu p\u0159eru\u0161ila a\u017e druh\u00e1 sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka. Pot\u00e9 se kalend\u00e1\u0159e vr\u00e1tily na pulty obchod\u016f v\u011bt\u0161iny evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00fd n\u00e1rod si vytvo\u0159il sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed, jen\u017e bral v \u00favahu m\u00edstn\u00ed zvyky a tradice.<\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u00edm c\u00edlem adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e je p\u0159ipomenout d\u011btem v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed ud\u00e1lost popisovanou v bibli a zp\u0159\u00edjemnit jim \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed d\u00e1rky. Bylo v n\u011bm ale tak\u00e9 zachyceno i samotn\u00e9 poselstv\u00ed adventn\u00ed doby \u2013 doby, kdy se k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na V\u00e1noce, doby, kdy \u201eo\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed\u201c p\u0159\u00edchod Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista, podobn\u011b jako tehdy lid\u00e9 \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v nesvobod\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1vali p\u0159\u00edchod Zachr\u00e1nce.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e n\u011bkdo \u010dek\u00e1, a\u0165 u\u017e na v\u00fdplatu, na vlak nebo na pochvalu, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby byl trp\u011bliv\u00fd a otev\u0159en\u00fd. Kdy\u017e \u010dlov\u011bk \u010dek\u00e1, je bd\u011bl\u00fd, p\u0159ipraven\u00fd a jeho smysly jsou napjat\u00e9. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 si: \u201e\u2026u\u017e?\u201c \u201e\u2026je\u0161t\u011b ne?\u201c \u201e\u2026kdy\u017e u\u017e kone\u010dn\u011b?\u201c Ne n\u00e1hodou se forma adventn\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f ust\u00e1lila v podob\u011b otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed ok\u00fdnek nebo dve\u0159\u00ed, proto\u017ee vypov\u00eddaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 o vnit\u0159n\u00ed otev\u0159enosti. Je to otev\u0159enost pro druh\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka, pro dobr\u00e9 v\u011bci a v p\u016fvodn\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 tradici tak\u00e9 otev\u0159enost pro Boha.<\/p>\n

Adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159 chce tuto p\u016fvodn\u00ed my\u0161lenku k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e podpo\u0159it. Za otev\u0159en\u00fdmi okny a dve\u0159mi domu najdou d\u011bti \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu o ud\u00e1lostech, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edch\u00e1zely Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ovo narozen\u00ed.
\nA kdy se do adventn\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f za\u010dala d\u00e1vat \u010dokol\u00e1da? Mal\u00e9 \u010dtvere\u010dky \u010dokol\u00e1dy se objevily ve dv\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f ve druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 50. let, ale p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b se ujaly jen v USA. A to \u00fadajn\u011b d\u00edky prezidentovi Eisenhowerovi, kter\u00fd se nechal u adventn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e vyfotit se sv\u00fdmi vnou\u010daty.<\/p>\n

Dokonce kdy\u017e zn\u00e1m\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Cadbury v roce 1971 uvedla na britsk\u00fd p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed trh \u010dokol\u00e1dov\u00e9 adventn\u00ed kalend\u00e1\u0159e, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd velk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch nezaznamenala. Trvalo dal\u0161\u00edch dvacet let, ne\u017e \u010dokol\u00e1dovna Cadbury zavedla pravidelnou v\u00fdrobu \u010dokol\u00e1dov\u00fdch adventn\u00edch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Vzhledem k tomu, kolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016f s pochutinami je na pultech obchod\u016f dnes, je a\u017e neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9, \u017ee teprve za\u010d\u00e1tkem 90. let za\u010dal boom t\u011bchto sladk\u00fdch posl\u016f V\u00e1noc.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Jedn\u00edm <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":362881,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/27\/ram-o-kalendari.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269002"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=269002"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269002\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":362880,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269002\/revisions\/362880"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/362881"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=269002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=269002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=269002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}