{"id":268161,"date":"2025-12-09T18:24:11","date_gmt":"2025-12-09T17:24:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=268161"},"modified":"2025-12-09T18:24:11","modified_gmt":"2025-12-09T17:24:11","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-o-adventnim-usebrani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=268161","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: O adventn\u00edm usebr\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed slovo: usebr\u00e1n\u00ed. Je to slovo m\u00e1lo pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 a p\u0159ece v tomto slov\u011b genius jazyka \u010desk\u00e9ho p\u0159esn\u011b vyjad\u0159uje pot\u0159ebu du\u0161e. Usebrat se, shrom\u00e1\u017edit to, co bylo p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnuto, co se nebezpe\u010dn\u011b opom\u00edjelo… \u010casem se \u010dlov\u011bk u\u010d\u00ed v\u00e1\u017eit si klidu. M\u00edsto p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho \u0161\u00edlen\u00ed za\u010dne vyhled\u00e1vat tradice.<\/h6>\n

Nen\u00ed to jednoduch\u00e9, \u0159ada v\u011bc\u00ed je zapomenut\u00e1, jen p\u00e1r odoln\u00fdch zvyk\u016f p\u0159ekonalo propast \u010dasu a za\u0159adilo se mezi aktivn\u011b \u017eit\u00e9 tradice. Advent m\u00e1 v tomto duchu privilegovan\u00e9 postaven\u00ed, na V\u00e1noce se v\u0161ichni t\u011b\u0161\u00ed, proto si dobu sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed r\u00e1di zpest\u0159uj\u00ed. Pravda, kdybychom hl\u00e1sali, \u017ee advent je dobou p\u016fstu a ticha, asi bychom nepochodili. Vyjma k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch kruh\u016f, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b.<\/p>\n

Tradi\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ipadal advent na obdob\u00ed klidu, po obdob\u00ed l\u00e9ta a podzimn\u00edch sklizn\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zelo klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obdob\u00ed kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch dn\u016f a dlouh\u00fdch noc\u00ed. Advent tak odpov\u00eddal \u017eivotn\u00edmu stylu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161el odpo\u010dinek a tak\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, jako bylo tkan\u00ed, dran\u00ed pe\u0159\u00ed, \u0161it\u00ed nebo pleten\u00ed. D\u016fkazy o slaven\u00ed adventu lze naj\u00edt zhruba v 5. stolet\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ale tato tradice byla r\u016fzn\u00e1 podle oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Plam\u00ednek prvn\u00ed sv\u00ed\u010dky na adventn\u00edm v\u011bnci oznamuje za\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9ho liturgick\u00e9ho roku a tak\u00e9 jeho prvn\u00edho obdob\u00ed: \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na V\u00e1noce. Advent nen\u00ed jen m\u011bs\u00edcem p\u0159ed V\u00e1noci, ale je tak\u00e9 \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdm a magick\u00fdm obdob\u00edm pln\u00fdm z\u00e1hadn\u00fdch bytost\u00ed a jejich sv\u00e1tk\u016f. Je to i obdob\u00ed t\u011b\u0161en\u00ed, rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed a velk\u00fdch v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edprav. Rozl\u00e9vaj\u00edc\u00ed se sv\u011btlo z ho\u0159\u00edc\u00edch sv\u00edc\u00ed vyjad\u0159uje p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho Krista, kter\u00fd rozptyluje temnotu a strach, nebo\u0165 on je “Sv\u011btlo sv\u011bta” (Jan 8,12). Zapalov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00ed\u010dek symbolizuje v\u00edru ve v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed dobra nad zlem, svobodu nad \u00fatlakem a pozn\u00e1n\u00ed nad nev\u011bdomost\u00ed. K adventu pat\u0159\u00ed zdoben\u00ed na\u0161ich byt\u016f, chalup, zahrad a vlastn\u011b v\u0161eho, co n\u00e1s obklopuje. Tou\u017e\u00edme si u\u017e\u00edvat l\u00e1sku, pohodu a kr\u00e1su. Zkr\u00e1tka advent je pro mnoh\u00e9 z opravdu n\u00e1s nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm obdob\u00edm v roce.<\/p>\n

Nast\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u017edy pravideln\u011b, p\u0159esn\u011b \u010dty\u0159i t\u00fddny p\u0159ed V\u00e1noci a je obdob\u00edm rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed a nov\u00fdch nad\u011bj\u00ed. Historicky lidstvo o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 narozen\u00ed mal\u00e9ho Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ka, a t\u00edm i p\u0159\u00edchod sv\u00e9ho spasitele. Proto se tak\u00e9 toto obdob\u00ed naz\u00fdv\u00e1 latinsk\u00fdm slovem adventus \u2013 p\u0159\u00edchod nebo doba o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 rozj\u00edmali, modlili se, dr\u017eeli p\u016fst, kter\u00fdm vyjad\u0159ovali z\u00e1rmutek zesnul\u00fdm a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 truchlen\u00ed po nich. Toto pok\u00e1n\u00ed bylo dodr\u017eov\u00e1no dle Star\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n

Naproti tomu Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon p\u016fst odm\u00edtal a tvrdil, \u017ee prosp\u011bje pouze k o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bla. Dle tohoto z\u00e1kona advent trv\u00e1 40 dn\u00ed, od sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9ho Martina. K\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 dr\u017eeli p\u016fst v\u017edy v pond\u011bl\u00ed, ve st\u0159edu a v p\u00e1tek a po cel\u00fd advent jej dodr\u017eovali pouze \u0159eholn\u00edci. Ov\u0161em tyto zvyky se m\u011bnily po \u010das doby a tak\u00e9 v z\u00e1vislosti na r\u016fzn\u00fdch c\u00edrkv\u00edch. Adventn\u00ed doba u n\u00e1s skon\u010d\u00ed se z\u00e1padem slunce o \u0160t\u011bdr\u00e9m ve\u010deru. Je tomu tak proto, \u017ee za d\u00e1vn\u00fdch \u010das\u016f platil v na\u0161\u00ed zemi staro\u010desk\u00fd \u010das, kdy nov\u00fd den za\u010d\u00ednal noc\u00ed, tedy z\u00e1padem Slunce dne p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edho.
\nJak star\u00e9 je ono pozn\u00e1n\u00ed: Co \u010dlov\u011bk d\u00e1v\u00e1, to dost\u00e1v\u00e1… N\u011bkdo si st\u011b\u017euje, \u017ee dost\u00e1v\u00e1 od osudu m\u00e1lo dar\u016f… And\u011bl str\u00e1\u017en\u00fd se pt\u00e1: “Nedost\u00e1v\u00e1\u0161 m\u00e1lo dar\u016f mo\u017en\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b proto, \u017ee jich tak m\u00e1lo d\u00e1v\u00e1\u0161?” Darem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i slovo. Slovo, kter\u00e9 k \u010dlov\u011bku vejde v prav\u00fd \u010das. Slovo, kter\u00e9 zde z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, i kdy\u017e ten, kdo jej vyslovil, se u\u017e d\u00e1vno rozpl\u00fdv\u00e1 v zapom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed…<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Weihnachten tief drin im B\u00f6hmerwald, s. 8 Anton Sika autor p\u0159eklad\u016f a \u010desk\u00fdch text\u016f Jan Mare\u0161, elektronick\u00e1 verze Ivo Kare\u0161 – Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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