![\"\"](\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/28\/DEN-VZNIKU-SAMOSTATN\u00c9HO-ST\u00c1TU....jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Z poselstv\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edmu shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ednesen\u00e9 T.G. Masarykem dne 20.12.1918:<\/strong> \u201eV\u011b\u0159\u00edm i j\u00e1 Bohu, \u017ee po p\u0159ejit\u00ed vich\u0159ic hn\u011bvu, h\u0159\u00edchy na\u0161imi na hlavy na\u0161e uvalen\u00e9ho, vl\u00e1da v\u011bc\u00ed Tv\u00fdch k Tob\u011b zase se navr\u00e1t\u00ed, \u00f3 lide \u010desk\u00fd, a pro tuto nad\u011bji Tebe d\u011bdicem \u010din\u00edm v\u0161eho toho, co jsem koli po p\u0159edc\u00edch sv\u00fdch byla zd\u011bdila a p\u0159es t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a nesnadn\u00e9 \u010dasy p\u0159echovala, n\u00fdbr\u017e i v \u010demkoli dobr\u00e9m skrze pr\u00e1ci syn\u016f m\u00fdch a po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00ed, rozhojn\u011bn\u00ed jsem p\u0159ijala, to v\u0161ecko Tob\u011b odkazuji.”<\/em><\/p>\n Je\u0161t\u011b v pr\u016fb\u011bhu prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky za\u010dala p\u011btice \u010desk\u00fdch a slovensk\u00fdch politik\u016f v \u010dele s univerzitn\u00edm profesorem T. G. Masarykem pracovat na p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska. Masaryk odjel vyjedn\u00e1vat do zahrani\u010d\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e mu pomohly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dv\u011b ud\u00e1losti \u2013 smrt rakousko-uhersk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Josefa I. a skute\u010dnost, \u017ee \u010de\u0161t\u00ed a sloven\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci za\u010dali n\u00e1sledn\u011b na rusk\u00e9 front\u011b p\u0159eb\u00edhat na druhou stranu. Kdy\u017e za\u010dalo b\u00fdt ke konci v\u00e1lky nasnad\u011b, \u017ee Rakousko-Uhersko a Trojspolek nezv\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed, p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eil se i vznik budouc\u00edho nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n 28. \u0159\u00edjna 1918 se splnil sen mnoha tehdej\u0161\u00edch \u010cech\u016f a Slov\u00e1k\u016f, kdy\u017e, d\u00edky \u00fasil\u00ed Tom\u00e1\u0161e Garrigua Masaryka a dal\u0161\u00edch, vznikl uprost\u0159ed Evropy nov\u00fd st\u00e1t s n\u00e1zvem \u010ceskoslovensko. Praha j\u00e1s\u00e1. \u010ce\u0161i houfn\u011b sesazuj\u00ed rakousk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edky, ni\u010d\u00ed habsbursk\u00e9 vlajky a likviduj\u00ed nen\u00e1vid\u011bn\u00e9 c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 orl\u00ed\u010dky. Pr\u00e1v\u011b se zrodila nov\u00e1 samostatn\u00e1 zem\u011b a a\u010dkoliv nikdo je\u0161t\u011b nev\u011bd\u011bl, jak bude vypadat a odkud kam bude p\u0159esn\u011b sahat, euforie z likvidace star\u00e9ho re\u017eimu nep\u0159ipou\u0161t\u011bla prostor pro pochybnosti. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed je, \u017ee \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd st\u00e1t nevyhl\u00e1sili tzv. mu\u017ei 28. \u0159\u00edjna, ale katolick\u00fd kn\u011bz a agr\u00e1rn\u00ed poslanec Isidor Zahradn\u00edk. Kdy\u017e p\u0159i cest\u011b Prahou vid\u011bl, \u017ee p\u0159edstavitel\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru \u0160vehla, Ra\u0161\u00edn, Soukup a St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fd jedou na m\u00edstodr\u017eitelstv\u00ed, rozhodl se jednat.<\/p>\n U sochy svat\u00e9ho V\u00e1clava informoval o samostatnosti st\u00e1tu. Pak odjel na n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed Franti\u0161ka Josefa (dnes Wilsonovo) a odeslal zpr\u00e1vu o tom, co se d\u011bje v Praze do dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011bst. Mimochodem, pozd\u011bji se stal prvn\u00edm ministrem \u017eeleznic. Kdy\u017e se mu\u017ei 28. \u0159\u00edjna dozv\u011bd\u011bli o projevu Isidora Zahradn\u00edka, vyhl\u00e1sili samostatnost p\u0159\u00edmo z auta uprost\u0159ed V\u00e1clavsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed. Situace hrozila nepokoji a rabov\u00e1n\u00edm. Odjeli proto do Obecn\u00edho domu, kde zmobilizovali v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 kapely, \u201ekter\u00e9 budou proch\u00e1zeti m\u011bstem, aby nad\u0161en\u00ed lidu bylo svedeno do norm\u00e1ln\u00edch kolej\u00ed a lid se vybou\u0159il zp\u011bvem vlasteneck\u00fdch p\u00edsn\u00ed”. Patrn\u011b i d\u00edky tomuto omylu nepadl v Praze ani v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch jedin\u00fd v\u00fdst\u0159el. A b\u011bhem dne se politik\u016fm poda\u0159ilo p\u0159ebrat v\u011bt\u0161inu \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. Velitel\u00e9 vojska nem\u011bli z V\u00eddn\u011b pokyny, jak se po vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed samostatn\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska chovat. Reprezentanti c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy ve V\u00eddni se mo\u017en\u00e1 domn\u00edvali, \u017ee \u010dlenov\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru jednaj\u00ed v r\u00e1mci n\u00e1vrhu V\u00eddn\u011b o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edho st\u00e1tu v r\u00e1mci rakousk\u00e9 federace. Ve \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 \u017denev\u011b se setkal Edvard Bene\u0161 s Karlem Kram\u00e1\u0159em. Kram\u00e1\u0159 byl pro kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, Bene\u0161 cht\u011bl, by \u010ceskoslovensko byla republika. Kdy\u017e na Slovensku p\u0159ij\u00edmali 30. \u0159\u00edjna dokument zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Martinsk\u00e1 deklarace, \u010dlenov\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00ed rady nev\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee \u010ds. st\u00e1t u\u017e byl vyhl\u00e1\u0161en. V Martinsk\u00e9 deklaraci sloven\u0161t\u00ed politici vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed vytvo\u0159it spole\u010dn\u011b s \u010cechy nez\u00e1visl\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fatvar. Do Prahy p\u0159ijel ze Slovenska Vavro \u0160rob\u00e1r, kter\u00fd se teprve b\u011bhem cesty dozv\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee se v Praze ‘n\u011bco d\u011bje’. \u0160el nav\u0161t\u00edvit sv\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edtele novin\u00e1\u0159e Franti\u0161ka Votrubu, kter\u00fd ho zavedl do Obecn\u00edho domu, kde zasedalo p\u0159edsednictvo N\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru. \u201eV n\u011bm zrovna pot\u0159ebovali tak\u00e9 n\u011bjak\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce Slovenska, a tak jej hned kooptovali.<\/p>\n Nov\u00fd st\u00e1t byl vytvo\u0159en. Ve ve\u010dern\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch 28. \u0159\u00edjna 1918 vydali \u010dlenov\u00e9 N\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00fdboru \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho provol\u00e1n\u00ed k ob\u010dan\u016fm s n\u00e1zvem \u201eLide \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd”. Autory byli Anton\u00edn \u0160vehla, Alois Ra\u0161\u00edn, Ji\u0159\u00ed St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fd, Vavro \u0160rob\u00e1r a Franti\u0161ek Soukup, pozd\u011bji zvan\u00ed jako \u201emu\u017ei 28. \u0159\u00edjna”. Posledn\u00ed \u010deskosloven\u0161t\u00ed legion\u00e1\u0159i z Ruska dorazili do vlasti po cest\u011b kolem sv\u011bta a\u017e v roce 1920. Mnoz\u00ed z nich byli roz\u010darov\u00e1ni z \u201enov\u00fdch\u201c pom\u011br\u016f v zemi. \u010ceskoslovensko dostalo do v\u00ednku i obrovskou n\u011bmeckou a ma\u010farskou men\u0161inu, kter\u00e9 nest\u00e1ly o to, b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u010cSR. Tak\u00e9 um\u011bl\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed \u201e\u010deskoslovensk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda\u201c se mnoh\u00fdm Slov\u00e1k\u016fm nel\u00edbilo. Prezident Masaryk se ke sv\u00fdm politick\u00fdm konkurent\u016fm choval zna\u010dn\u011b nedemokraticky, p\u0159\u00edpady Ji\u0159\u00edho St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9ho, Karla Kram\u00e1\u0159e nebo Radoly Gajdy jsou dobr\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. A ostrakizace trv\u00e1 vlastn\u011b dodnes: Zn\u00e1te snad n\u011bjakou \u201eUlici gener\u00e1la Gajdy\u201c nebo snad \u201eN\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Ji\u0159\u00edho St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9ho\u201c? \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 nejsou.<\/p>\n Ale st\u00e1lo to za to? St\u00e1lo za to bojovat za \u010ceskoslovensko? I kdy\u017e dnes u\u017e neexistuje? Ur\u010dit\u011b st\u00e1lo. I s jeho chybami.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mil\u00e1 republiko, <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":289745,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/24\/ram-den-vzniku.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265957"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=265957"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265957\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":289746,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/265957\/revisions\/289746"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/289745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=265957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=265957"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=265957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nJe\u0161t\u011b se nev\u011bd\u011blo, jakou formu bude \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd st\u00e1t m\u00edt.<\/p>\n
\nNov\u00e1 republika v\u0161ak o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cech\u016f, Slov\u00e1k\u016f, Moravan\u016f, Slezan\u016f a Rus\u00edn\u016f tak \u00fapln\u011b bohu\u017eel nesplnila. Znovu zavl\u00e1dlo intrik\u00e1nsk\u00e9 politika\u0159en\u00ed, znovu se politick\u00e9 af\u00e9ry zametaly pod koberec.<\/p>\n
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