{"id":262816,"date":"2022-10-09T14:12:48","date_gmt":"2022-10-09T13:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=262816"},"modified":"2022-10-09T14:12:48","modified_gmt":"2022-10-09T13:12:48","slug":"stara-sumava-s-karlem-capkem-o-houbach-a-houbarich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=262816","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: S Karlem \u010capkem o houb\u00e1ch a houba\u0159\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Karel \u010capek: Kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/h4>\n

Kniha Kalend\u00e1\u0159 vznikla z oddychov\u00fdch fejeton\u016f o ro\u010dn\u00edch dob\u00e1ch, po\u010das\u00ed, zahradnick\u00fdch radostech a strastech. \u010capek se tu v\u0161ak neut\u00e1p\u00ed v idyle \u017eivota mal\u00e9ho \u010desk\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka a zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159e. Je sestavena z autorov\u00fdch novin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f, psan\u00fdch v letech 1919-1918.<\/h6>\n

V t\u011bchto sloupc\u00edch se Karel \u010capek p\u0159edstavuje jako skv\u011bl\u00fd pozorovatel. V\u0161\u00edm\u00e1 si v\u0161eho – prom\u011bny krajiny b\u011bhem \u010dty\u0159 ro\u010dn\u00edch dob, zv\u00ed\u0159at i hmyzu, v\u016fn\u011b domu, \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed stanice, ale i v\u011bc\u00ed obecn\u00fdch i povah r\u016fzn\u00fdch lid\u00ed. N\u011bkter\u00e9 sloupky jsou humorn\u00e9, ale v\u00edc je t\u011bch p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161liv\u00fdch, pozorovatelsk\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\nOboj\u00edch bylo letos mno\u017estv\u00ed nev\u00eddan\u00e9 a po\u017eehnan\u00e9. Pokud se hub t\u00fd\u010de, chovaly se dokonale; rostly na dobr\u00fdch i \u0161patn\u00fdch m\u00edstech, rostly i na luk\u00e1ch a uprost\u0159ed cest, samot\u00e1\u0159sky i v rodinn\u00e9 pospolitosti, a d\u011blaly, co mohly, aby se co nejv\u00edc podobaly \u0161koln\u00edm model\u016fm a obr\u00e1zk\u016fm hub jedl\u00fdch i jedovat\u00fdch. I byly h\u0159\u00edbe\u010dky b\u00edl\u00e9, kter\u00fdm se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 nakl\u00e1da\u010dky, h\u0159\u00edbky \u017eemlov\u011b osmahl\u00e9 i ka\u0161tanov\u011b hn\u011bd\u00e9 h\u0159iby, a\u017e po star\u00e9, v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 h\u0159ibany s hlavou brun\u00e1tn\u011b \u010dernou, oj\u00edn\u011bnou do modra; byly vzty\u010den\u00e9 k\u0159eme\u0148\u00e1ky na siln\u00fdch no\u017ek\u00e1ch, byly n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 muchom\u016frky, byly r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9 a zelen\u00e9 rodiny holubinek, shluky popelav\u00fdch a \u010dern\u00fdch havelek, dru\u017einy klouzk\u016f a kdeco, v hojnosti t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 prav\u011bk\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Daleko hor\u0161\u00ed to bylo s houba\u0159i. Nejen proto, \u017ee jich bylo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho. Horao homini lupus,[\u010clov\u011bk \u010dlov\u011bku vlkem] \u010dili houba\u0159 m\u00e1 hrozn\u011b nerad houba\u0159e, kter\u00fd byl v lese p\u0159ed n\u00edm. \u201eTady u\u017e n\u011bkdo hledal,\u201c bru\u010d\u00ed houba\u0159 misantropicky, jakmile vkro\u010d\u00ed do ml\u00e1z\u00ed, a p\u0159\u00e1l by si v tu chv\u00edli, aby se na sv\u011bt\u011b rodilo m\u00ed\u0148 lid\u00ed. Ale \u0159\u00edk\u00e1m, nejde jen o tuto str\u00e1nku v\u011bci. Hor\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed houby hledaj\u00edc\u00edch vstupuje do lesa s jakousi p\u0159edstavou, \u017ee nesta\u010d\u00ed houby hledat, n\u00fdbr\u017e \u017ee je z\u00e1hodno je pokud mo\u017eno vyhubit, snad proto, aby u\u017e nikdy nikdo jin\u00fd nic na tom m\u00edst\u011b nena\u0161el. Proto najdou-li h\u0159\u00edbka v mechu, vyrvou v \u0161irok\u00e9m okruhu mech v herodesovsk\u00e9m hled\u00e1n\u00ed jeho brat\u0159\u00ed\u010dk\u016f je\u0161t\u011b nenarozen\u00fdch; v\u016fbec nepomysl\u00ed na to, \u017ee t\u00edm obna\u017e\u00ed a zni\u010d\u00ed podhoub\u00ed a zni\u010d\u00ed lesu p\u0159irozenou n\u00e1dr\u017e vl\u00e1hy, stejn\u011b pot\u0159ebnou strom\u016fm jako houb\u00e1m v\u0161eho druhu. Potkaj\u00ed-li houbi\u010dku, kterou neznaj\u00ed nebo pova\u017euj\u00ed za nejedlou, mus\u00ed ji z n\u011bjak\u00e9ho ni\u010div\u00e9ho pudu rozkopnout nebo rozml\u00e1tit hol\u00ed na trty. Jsou houba\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed \u010dervenohlav\u00e9mu k\u0159eme\u0148\u00e1ku a na potk\u00e1n\u00ed jej aspo\u0148 pok\u00e1cej\u00ed; nenechaj\u00ed st\u00e1t dobrou holubinku, rozdupou klouzky, vyvr\u00e1t\u00ed koz\u00e1\u010dky a masakruj\u00ed ryzce i pe\u010d\u00e1rky; jejich klikat\u00e1 cesta lesem je znamen\u00e1na pok\u00e1cen\u00fdmi houbami. Nenechaj\u00ed st\u00e1t muchom\u016frku nebo bedlu aspo\u0148 pro jejich kr\u00e1su; jsou ne\u00fanavn\u00ed a d\u016fsledn\u00ed ve sv\u00e9m ni\u010den\u00ed. Snad sly\u0161eli, \u017ee jin\u00ed lid\u00e9 sb\u00edraj\u00ed jin\u00e9 druhy hub, kter\u00e9 jim nejsou zn\u00e1my; snad zrovna proto rozdupou v\u0161echno, na\u010d p\u0159ijdou.<\/p>\n

To tedy je to nejhor\u0161\u00ed na houba\u0159\u00edch: \u017ee jdou do lesa, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed jejich a nen\u00ed jen pro n\u011b, a \u017ee s n\u00edm zach\u00e1zej\u00ed s takovou hloupou nen\u00e1vist\u00ed. Vid\u011bt v leto\u0161n\u00edm na houby po\u017eehnan\u00e9m roce lesy, \u2014 nebylo by se co divit, kdyby v dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b byl vstup do v\u0161ech les\u016f lidem zak\u00e1z\u00e1n. Copak v\u00edme v\u0161e o tajemn\u00e9 symbi\u00f3ze lesa, copak v\u00edme, jak spolu souvis\u00ed \u017eivot hub a \u017eivot strom\u016f? Ale i kdyby toho nebylo: je h\u0159\u00edch br\u00e1t lesu sk\u0159\u00edtkovit\u00fd \u017eivot hub, tak jako br\u00e1t louk\u00e1m a mez\u00edm elf\u00ed \u017eivot kv\u011bt\u016f; a lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed nedovol\u00ed, aby tam, kudy pro\u0161li, z\u016fstal kousek nedot\u010den\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed poezie, nen\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed do lesa a zaslou\u017e\u00ed si, aby z n\u011bho byli hon\u011bni hajn\u00fdmi s jazyky plamenn\u00fdmi a hol\u00ed sukovitou. Snad by v tom sm\u011bru trochu pomohlo k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed ve \u0161kole; a hlavn\u011b \u2014 i to je, \u0159ekl bych, v\u011bc demokratick\u00e9ho citu: co nejm\u00ed\u0148 up\u00edrat pr\u00e1vo na \u017eivot \u010demukoliv, co je mimo n\u00e1s, i kdy\u017e jsou to jenom sk\u0159\u00edtkov\u00e9 lesa.<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Z cyklu Star\u00e1 \u0160umava)<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Karel <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":264735,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/09\/r\u00e1m-\u010dapek.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262816"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=262816"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262816\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":264734,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/262816\/revisions\/264734"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/264735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=262816"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=262816"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=262816"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}