{"id":259943,"date":"2022-08-01T19:13:22","date_gmt":"2022-08-01T18:13:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=259943"},"modified":"2022-08-01T19:13:22","modified_gmt":"2022-08-01T18:13:22","slug":"veda-neni-nuda-do-zachrany-karase-obecneho-se-uz-zapojilo-pres-700-lidi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=259943","title":{"rendered":"V\u011aDA NEN\u00cd NUDA: Do z\u00e1chrany karase obecn\u00e9ho se u\u017e zapojilo p\u0159es 700 lid\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Rozd\u00edl mezi hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdm typem lokalit m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat u t\u016fn\u00ed a zatopen\u00fdch kamenn\u00fdch lom\u016f, kde p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed lokality karase obecn\u00e9ho, a naopak u \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch lokalit p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdskytu karase st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9ho.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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B\u00fdval jednou z nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ryb t\u016fn\u011bk a n\u00e1vesn\u00edch rybn\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, dnes je na pokraji vyhynut\u00ed. A\u010dkoli je karas obecn\u00fd mistrem v p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nehostinn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, p\u0159i\u0161el o sv\u00e9 p\u016fvodn\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 biotopy. Nav\u00edc jej z vodn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed vytla\u010duje siln\u00e1 konkurence v podob\u011b invazn\u00edho karase st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9ho.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Tuto nep\u0159\u00edznivou situaci se rozhodli zvr\u00e1tit v\u011bdci z Biologick\u00e9ho centra Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR ve spolupr\u00e1ci s odborn\u00edky z \u010cesk\u00e9 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 univerzity a Zoo Praha. D\u00edky pomoci v\u00edce ne\u017e sedmi set lid\u00ed z \u0161irok\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti se poda\u0159il slibn\u011b odstartovat projekt na z\u00e1chranu t\u00e9to p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9 ryby. Zapojen\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti je, obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 te\u010f v l\u00e9t\u011b, nad\u00e1le velmi \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

U\u017e od lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku se lid\u00e9 registruj\u00ed na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky www.zachrankarase.cz, kde pom\u00e1haj\u00ed s p\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00edm po posledn\u00edch populac\u00edch karase obecn\u00e9ho a nahla\u0161uj\u00ed lokality jeho v\u00fdskytu. Nyn\u00ed, v pln\u00e9 ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 sezon\u011b, budou v\u011bdci r\u00e1di, kdy\u017e op\u011bt lid\u00e9 vyraz\u00ed p\u00e1trat po t\u00e9to kriticky ohro\u017een\u00e9 ryb\u011b a jej\u00edm \u00fahlavn\u00edm konkurentovi, karasovi st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9m. A\u010dkoliv pozn\u00e1n\u00ed o roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed tohoto druhu d\u00edky zapojen\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti pokro\u010dilo, st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 na map\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky mnoho b\u00edl\u00fdch m\u00edst, kde se historicky pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vyskytoval a nyn\u00ed mohl b\u00fdt nahrazen invazn\u00edm karasem st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00fdm.<\/p>\n

\u201eDo projektu se n\u00e1m dosud zapojilo 719 respondent\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed nahl\u00e1sili 938 lokalit s v\u00fdskytem karas\u016f. \u00dabytku karase obecn\u00e9ho si v\u0161imlo 75 % z nich. Stejn\u011b tak p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed invazn\u00edho karase st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9ho v na\u0161ich vod\u00e1ch zaznamenalo 71 % respondent\u016f,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 jeden z hlavn\u00edch koordin\u00e1tor\u016f z\u00e1chrann\u00e9ho projektu, hydrobiolog Marek \u0160mejkal z Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR. Mezi respondenty, kte\u0159\u00ed se zapojili do mapov\u00e1n\u00ed karase, se najdou skute\u010dn\u00ed rekordmani. \u201eNejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bk n\u00e1m nahl\u00e1sil 72 lokalit. Naopak, okolo dvou set lid\u00ed se do pr\u016fzkumu pouze registrovalo, a tak by mohli vyu\u017e\u00edt letn\u00ed obdob\u00ed a pokra\u010dovat v p\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 student zapojen\u00fd do projektu, Sandip Tapkir z Biologick\u00e9ho centra AV \u010cR.<\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b lid\u00e9 hl\u00e1s\u00ed v\u00fdskyt karase obecn\u00e9ho zejm\u00e9na v rybn\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch, t\u016fn\u00edch a zatopen\u00fdch lomech, zat\u00edmco karase st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9ho zaznamenali krom\u011b t\u011bchto lokalit i v \u0159ek\u00e1ch a jejich slep\u00fdch ramenech. \u201eKdy\u017e jsme ov\u011b\u0159ovali data od respondent\u016f, potvrdilo se, \u017ee zejm\u00e9na drobn\u00e9 lokality jako lomy a t\u016fn\u011b jsou opravdu posledn\u00edmi m\u00edsty, kde je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u0161ance naj\u00edt p\u016fvodn\u00edho karase. V \u0159ek\u00e1ch a v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch rybn\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159evl\u00e1d\u00e1 invazn\u00ed karas st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00fd, kter\u00fd se tam dost\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159i vysazov\u00e1n\u00ed ryb, nap\u0159\u00edklad s n\u00e1sadou kapra,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Marek \u0160mejkal.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m na jejich obl\u00edben\u00e9m ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b nejsou lhostejn\u00ed a p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm pozn\u00e1mky k lokalit\u011b, nap\u0159: \u201eV tomto rybn\u00edku pomalu nar\u016fstala populace karase st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9ho, a\u017e karase obecn\u00e9ho zcela vytla\u010dila.\u201c V dal\u0161\u00edch lokalit\u00e1ch, zejm\u00e9na v ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch, ve\u0159ejnost poukazovala i na probl\u00e9m s dal\u0161\u00edm invazn\u00edm druhem, st\u0159evli\u010dkou v\u00fdchodn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pr\u016fzkum ov\u0161em pon\u011bkud komplikuje fakt, \u017ee oba druhy karase jsou si velmi podobn\u00e9 a ne ka\u017ed\u00fd je spr\u00e1vn\u011b ur\u010d\u00ed. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b tak p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed o v\u00fdskytu karase obecn\u00e9ho, a\u010dkoliv se mnohdy jedn\u00e1 o invazn\u00edho karase st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9ho. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 mapovat i invazn\u00ed ryby. V dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1zi projektu Zachra\u0148 karase toti\u017e odborn\u00edci vytipuj\u00ed vhodn\u00e1 m\u00edsta pro zp\u011btn\u00e9 vysazen\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edho karase. A pokud by se vysadil do oblast\u00ed s hojn\u00fdm v\u00fdskytem karase st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9ho, ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed by mohlo p\u0159ij\u00edt vnive\u010d.<\/p>\n

Ji\u017e nyn\u00ed je v\u0161ak jasn\u00e9, \u017ee se d\u00edky ve\u0159ejnosti poda\u0159ily naj\u00edt des\u00edtky m\u00edst, kde karas obecn\u00fd je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 a v\u011bdci o nich nem\u011bli tu\u0161en\u00ed. Bohu\u017eel na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b z t\u011bchto lokalit ji\u017e nen\u00ed s\u00e1m a pomalu jej vytla\u010duje a po\u010detn\u011b p\u0159er\u016fst\u00e1 invazn\u00ed konkurent. \u201e\u010casto tady karas st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00fd p\u0159eva\u017euje v pom\u011bru 10:1 a karas obecn\u00fd vykazuje velice \u0161patnou kondici. N\u011bkde v\u00fdm\u011bna druh\u016f prob\u011bhla tak nen\u00e1padn\u011b a postupn\u011b, \u017ee n\u00e1m lid\u00e9 hl\u00e1s\u00ed karasy obecn\u00e9, a p\u0159itom na lokalit\u011b u\u017e najdeme pouze karasy st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9,\u201c<\/em> upozor\u0148uje Marek \u0160mejkal.<\/p>\n

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Text a foto: (tz-av\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Karas obecn\u00fd (naho\u0159e) s velmi \u0161patnou kondic\u00ed v d\u016fsledku invaze karase st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00e9ho (dole). Karas st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00fd p\u0159eva\u017euje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b desetkr\u00e1t nad karasem obecn\u00fdm ve zkouman\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ei.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Masivn\u011b namno\u017een\u00fd karas st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00fd v mal\u00e9m lesn\u00edm lomu, kde utla\u010duje zbytek populace karase obecn\u00e9ho.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Aktivn\u00ed vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ryb z okrasn\u00fdch jez\u00edrek p\u0159edstavuje pro p\u016fvodn\u00edho karase obecn\u00e9ho velk\u00fd probl\u00e9m a jednu z p\u0159\u00ed\u010din jeho \u00fabytku. Karas zlat\u00fd se s karasem obecn\u00fdm k\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed plodn\u00e9 k\u0159\u00ed\u017eence. Nav\u00edc je schopen p\u0159er\u016fst karasy obecn\u00e9 podobn\u011b jako karas st\u0159\u00edb\u0159it\u00fd. Na dan\u00e9 lokalit\u011b je probl\u00e9mem i masivn\u00ed v\u00fdskyt st\u0159evli\u010dky v\u00fdchodn\u00ed. Karas zlat\u00fd byl pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vypu\u0161t\u011bn do lokality ned\u00e1vno, nebo\u0165 mezidruhov\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017eenci zaznamen\u00e1ni nebyli.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Dlouhoploutv\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017eenec karase obecn\u00e9ho a karase zlat\u00e9ho. Karas zlat\u00fd by z tohoto d\u016fvodu nem\u011bl b\u00fdt vypou\u0161t\u011bn do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody, nebo\u0165 p\u0159edstavuje hrozbu pro karase obecn\u00e9ho a po masivn\u00edm namno\u017een\u00ed i pro na\u0161e ekosyst\u00e9my t\u016fn\u00ed.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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  B\u00fdval <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":259944,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/29\/z\u00e1chrana-karase-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/259943"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=259943"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/259943\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":259949,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/259943\/revisions\/259949"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/259944"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=259943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=259943"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=259943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}