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Temn\u00fd lesn\u00ed interi\u00e9r: \u0161t\u00edhl\u00e9 pocuchan\u00e9 sv\u00edce smrk\u016f jen nez\u0159eteln\u011b vystupuj\u00ed z mlh. Jednotliv\u00e9 stromy jsou od sebe zna\u010dn\u011b vzd\u00e1leny a stoj\u00ed mezi nimi tak\u00e9 velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed mrtv\u00fdch strom\u016f. I na zemi se v\u00e1l\u00ed mrtv\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed, mnoho kmen\u016f s v\u011btvemi p\u0159es sebe, na m\u00edstech bez strom\u016f zem pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed mechov\u00e9 pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159e a mlad\u00e9 smrky. V roce 1887 byl Julius Ma\u0159\u00e1k povol\u00e1n z V\u00eddn\u011b na pra\u017eskou Akademii, aby zde vedl ateli\u00e9r zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fd na krajinomalbu. O \u010dty\u0159i roky pozd\u011bji z\u00edskal, jako uzn\u00e1van\u00fd mal\u00ed\u0159, zak\u00e1zku na dv\u011b velk\u00e1 pl\u00e1tna s n\u00e1m\u011btem pralesa. P\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 studie Ma\u0159\u00e1k tvo\u0159il p\u0159\u00edmo v Boub\u00ednsk\u00e9m pralese, vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9m za chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed ji\u017e v roce 1858. Jako prvn\u00ed dokon\u010dil obraz \u0160umavsk\u00fd prales za bou\u0159e, pr\u00e1ce na prot\u011bj\u0161kov\u00e9m pl\u00e1tn\u011b: \u0160umavsk\u00fd prales ve slunci (dnes v majetku \u010cesk\u00e9 spo\u0159itelny) se prot\u00e1hly a\u017e do roku 1897. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou byly Ma\u0159\u00e1kovy zdravotn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee i jeho vyt\u00ed\u017een\u00ed na Akademii, kde mezit\u00edm vychoval celou \u0159adu mlad\u00fd krajin\u00e1\u0159\u016f, nap\u0159. Anton\u00edna Slav\u00ed\u010dka, Franti\u0161ka Kav\u00e1na \u010di Otakara Lebedu. Mal\u00ed\u0159 se tedy rozhodl vydat pro inspiraci p\u0159\u00edmo na \u0160umavu, kde po dva roky tr\u00e1vil l\u00e9to a zimu v Horn\u00ed Vltavici (1891) a \u0160atav\u011b u Lenory (1892). Dle jeho vlastn\u00edch slov prob\u00edhaly pobyty v nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed a za vytrval\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd vliv na jeho zdrav\u00ed a vyvol\u00e1valy u n\u011bj obavy, \u017ee obrazy nedokon\u010d\u00ed.Vytvo\u0159il zde dva velk\u00e9 obrazy s n\u00e1zvy \u0160umavsk\u00fd prales za bou\u0159e(1891-1892) a \u0160umavsk\u00fd prales ve slunci (1892-1897). Vystaveny byly roku 1899 ve V\u00eddni, kde si z\u00edskaly zaslou\u017een\u00fd ohlas a \u00fasp\u011bch. A pr\u00e1v\u011b v boji se sv\u00e9r\u00e1zn\u00fdm \u0161umavsk\u00fdm \u017eivlem se mu poda\u0159ilo zachytit tu pravou m\u00edstn\u00ed vlhkou zaml\u017eenou a melancholickou atmosf\u00e9ru. \u0160umava na Ma\u0159\u00e1ka zap\u016fsobila natolik, \u017ee zde provedl je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bkolik pozoruhodn\u00fdch plen\u00e9rov\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f, pro kter\u00e9 je charakteristick\u00fd uvoln\u011bn\u00fd rukopis, ubylo zde popisn\u00fdch detail\u016f, hlavn\u00ed \u00falohu zde hraje sv\u011btlo.
\nDne 10. \u010dervna 1871 se o\u017eenil se svou \u017ea\u010dkou Idou, rozenou Pfeffermanovou (1848\u20131908). Narodila se neklidn\u00e9ho roku 1848 v Pe\u0161ti (a\u017e roku 1873 byly m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Pe\u0161\u0165, Buda a \u00d3buda spojeny v Budape\u0161\u0165) jako Ida Pfeffermannov\u00e1.
\nVa\u0161e Blahorod\u00ed!
\n21. 7. 1871
\nPov\u011b\u0159ena zak\u00e1zkou Jeho Jasnosti zobrazit Ple\u0161n\u00e9 jezero, dovoluji si o tom vyrozum\u011bt Va\u0161e Blahorod\u00ed se \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed za\u0159\u00eddit p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b nezbytn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed. P\u0159eji si vyu\u017e\u00edt p\u0159\u00edhodn\u00e9ho \u010dasu a m\u00e1m v \u00famyslu za doprovodu sv\u00e9ho mu\u017ee Julia Ma\u0159\u00e1ka ve st\u0159edu p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho t\u00fddne 26. \u010dervence, odtud odcestovat, \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1m tedy o laskavou informaci, zda m\u00e1m v Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch nebo v Hlubok\u00e9 vystoupit, abych se dostala do Krumlova a kter\u00fdm dal\u0161\u00edm spojem si mohu poslou\u017eit. Odporu\u010dena p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010di Va\u0161eho Blahorod\u00ed a trvale j\u00ed uji\u0161t\u011bna, znamen\u00e1 se ve star\u00e9 dokonal\u00e9 \u00fact\u011b
\nWieden Victorgasse
\nNo. 1
\nIda Ma\u0159\u00e1k
\ngeb. Pfeffermann.
\nMan\u017eel\u00e9 Ma\u0159\u00e1kovi, v mal\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9m oboru u\u010ditel a jeho b\u00fdval\u00e1 \u017ea\u010dka, vykonali svou cestu za spln\u011bn\u00edm kn\u00ed\u017eec\u00ed zak\u00e1zky z kv\u011btna 1871 (ta byla mal\u00ed\u0159ce adresov\u00e1na je\u0161t\u011b jako sle\u010dn\u011b Id\u011b Pfeffermannov\u00e9) kr\u00e1tce po sv\u00e9 svatb\u011b t\u00e9ho\u017e roku. Dne 26. \u010dervence podle z\u00e1m\u011bru, v dopise vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e9ho, opravdu oba p\u0159ijeli do \u010cesk\u00e9ho Krumlova, p\u0159enocovali tam a druh\u00fd den, pokra\u010dovali k c\u00edli cesty – Ple\u0161n\u00e9mu jezeru. Mal\u00ed\u0159sk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b si vy\u017e\u00e1daly pobyt ve dnech od 27. \u010dervence do 10. srpna. Po celou tu dobu (d\u00e1 se tu mluvit o jak\u00e9msi pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed svatebn\u00ed cesty) byli \u010derstv\u011b vlastn\u011b sezdan\u00fd p\u00e1r ubytov\u00e1n v myslivn\u011b Jelen\u00ed u lesn\u00edho Josefa Souchy, kter\u00fd se staral i o jejich stravov\u00e1n\u00ed. Zbudoval k mal\u00ed\u0159\u010dinu pohodl\u00ed u jezera i ochrann\u00fd d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161ek. V Jiho\u010desk\u00e9m sborn\u00edku historick\u00e9m se uv\u00e1d\u00ed i v\u00fddaje Souchovy na celkov\u00e9 zaopat\u0159en\u00ed (celodenn\u00ed strava, lo\u017en\u00ed pr\u00e1dlo, sv\u00edce apod.): 69 zlat\u00fdch 53 krejcary a za zbudov\u00e1n\u00ed zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161ku: 13 zlat\u00fdch 45 krejcar\u016f. Za olejomalbu obdr\u017eela Ida Ma\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1 od kn\u00ed\u017eete 500 zlat\u00fdch a za r\u00e1m k obrazu 150 zlat\u00fdch. Cestovn\u00ed v\u00fddaje j\u00ed byly uhrazeny ve v\u00fd\u0161i 100 zlat\u00fdch. Je\u0161t\u011b t\u00e9ho\u017e roku 1871 v prosinci po\u017e\u00e1dal “\u00d6sterreichischer Kunstverein” kn\u00ed\u017eete o zap\u016fj\u010den\u00ed obrazu Ple\u0161n\u00e9 jezero od Hanse Idara (t\u00edmto pseudonymem je malba signov\u00e1na) na lednovou spolkovou v\u00fdstavu. \u017d\u00e1dost byla zd\u016fvodn\u011bna z\u00e1jmem o krajinn\u00fd motiv, zn\u00e1m\u00fd z d\u00edla \u0161umavsk\u00e9ho liter\u00e1rn\u00edho klasika Adalberta Stiftera.
\nMan\u017eel\u016fm Ma\u0159\u00e1kov\u00fdm se u\u017e rok po svatb\u011b se jim v roce 1872 narodila dcera, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po otci i matce nadan\u00e1 mal\u00ed\u0159ka Pepa Ma\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1. Zat\u00edmco Julius Eduard Ma\u0159\u00e1k zem\u0159el jako uzn\u00e1van\u00fd mistr, nep\u0159ekonateln\u00fd zpodobitel lesn\u00edch motiv\u016f, rovn\u011b\u017e ov\u0161em ze \u0160umavy a Novohradsk\u00fdch hor (mj. proslul jako autor cyklu “Rakousk\u00e9 lesn\u00ed charaktery”) a rektor c.k. akademie um\u011bn\u00ed v Praze 8. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1899 v 67 letech v\u011bku, dcera skonala p\u011btat\u0159icetilet\u00e1 19. \u010dervna 1907 a jej\u00ed matka 14. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1908, ob\u011b rovn\u011b\u017e v Praze. Rodina Ma\u0159\u00e1kova m\u00e1 hrob na pra\u017esk\u00e9m Vy\u0161ehrad\u011b.
\nSoud\u00edm, \u017ee n\u00e1m Julius Ma\u0159\u00e1k zanechal nen\u00e1padn\u00e9, ale p\u0159esto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed: Zafixoval n\u00e1m toti\u017e tv\u00e1\u0159 skute\u010dn\u00e9ho \u0161umavsk\u00e9ho pralesa, jak vypadal je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed 100 lety. Vnesl tak sv\u00e9bytn\u00e9 sv\u011btlo do mnoh\u00fdch ekologick\u00fdch polemik, kter\u00e9 sice hodn\u011b mluv\u00ed o nep\u016fvodn\u00edch \u0161umavsk\u00fdch les\u00edch, o smrkov\u00fdch monokultur\u00e1ch, \u201estabiln\u00edch et\u00e1\u017eovit\u00fdch porostech\u201c a o k\u016frovci, ale kter\u00e9 se jen m\u00e1lo zam\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed nad t\u00edm, jak\u00fd vlastn\u011b \u0161umavsk\u00fd prales ve skute\u010dnosti byl.
\nMa\u0159\u00e1kovy obrazy m\u011bly slou\u017eit osv\u011bt\u011b: M\u011bly tedy popsat co nejp\u0159esn\u011bji skute\u010dn\u00fd stav a podobu pralesa. Jestli\u017ee se to Ma\u0159\u00e1kovi poda\u0159ilo, m\u00e1me p\u0159ed sebou kopie p\u016fvodn\u00edch \u0161umavsk\u00fdch les\u016f. Les\u016f zkou\u0161en\u00fdch vich\u0159icemi a k\u016frovcem, lesy pln\u00e9 mrtv\u00e9ho d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed a \u0159\u00eddk\u00fdch p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00edch zelen\u00fdch smrk\u016f.
\nZdroj Jiho\u010desk\u00fd sborn\u00edk historick\u00fd, 1979, \u010d. 1, s. 78-79 pod titulem Pobyt man\u017eel\u016f Ma\u0159\u00e1kov\u00fdch u Ple\u0161n\u00e9ho jezera, Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch, P\u0159eklady a \u010desk\u00e9 texty Jan Mare\u0161,<\/p>\n
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