{"id":255278,"date":"2022-05-29T16:08:31","date_gmt":"2022-05-29T15:08:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=255278"},"modified":"2022-05-31T17:06:36","modified_gmt":"2022-05-31T16:06:36","slug":"veda-a-zdravi-houby-ve-strevech-primatu-ovlivnuje-vnejsi-prostredi-na-rozdil-od-bakterii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=255278","title":{"rendered":"V\u011aDA A ZDRAV\u00cd: Houby v za\u017e\u00edvac\u00edm traktu prim\u00e1t\u016f ovliv\u0148uje vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dosp\u011bl\u00ed samci<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu jsou krom\u011b bakteri\u00ed tak\u00e9 houby. Na spole\u010denstva hub kolonizuj\u00edc\u00ed tr\u00e1vic\u00ed trakt prim\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00fdm se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 mykobiom, se v aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ci zam\u011b\u0159ili v\u011bdci z \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR. Tato nedostate\u010dn\u011b prozkouman\u00e1 a dosud m\u00e1lo pochopen\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st st\u0159evn\u00edho mikrobiomu savc\u016f hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli p\u0159i regulaci imunitn\u00edch reakc\u00ed hostitele. V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee proti bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti mikrobiomu (bakteriomu), kter\u00fd z\u00e1vis\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na genetice hostitele, je mykobiom v\u00edce ovlivn\u011bn vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm. V\u00fdsledky pr\u00e1ce publikoval \u010dasopis NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes.<\/a><\/h6>\n

\"\"V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se st\u0159evn\u00edm houb\u00e1m v\u011bnuje velk\u00e1 pozornosto kv\u016fli jejich mo\u017en\u00e9mu vlivu na zdrav\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka. V uveden\u00e9 studii se v\u011bdci zam\u011b\u0159ili na slo\u017een\u00ed komunit hub ve st\u0159ev\u011b a interakc\u00ed mezi houbami a bakteriemi u r\u016fzn\u00fdch nehum\u00e1nn\u00edch prim\u00e1t\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, a u n\u011bkolika lidsk\u00fdch populac\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Celkem v\u011bdci sekvenovali 149 vzork\u016f stolice \u010dty\u0159 druh\u016f prim\u00e1t\u016f a t\u0159\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch lidsk\u00fdch skupin s r\u016fznou strategi\u00ed ob\u017eivy. \u201eZahrnut\u00edm tradi\u010dn\u00edch zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f, lovc\u016f-sb\u011bra\u010d\u016f a z\u00e1padn\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 populace do na\u0161ich anal\u00fdz jsme zji\u0161\u0165ovali, jak je mykobiom ovlivn\u011bn z\u00e1padn\u00edm a industrializovan\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Kl\u00e1ra Petr\u017eelkov\u00e1, v\u011bdkyn\u011b z \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR a vedouc\u00ed spoluautorka t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n

Vliv stravy a podobnosti mezi lidoopy a lidmi<\/h6>\n

V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee na slo\u017een\u00ed spole\u010denstva hub ve st\u0159evech prim\u00e1t\u016f maj\u00ed siln\u00fd vliv hostitelsko-ekologick\u00e9 faktory v\u010detn\u011b potravy. To je v kontrastu s t\u00edm, co v\u00edme o slo\u017een\u00ed bakteriomu; zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee je v\u00edce ovlivn\u011bn genetikou hostitele. Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv stravy nazna\u010duj\u00ed podobnosti mezi lidoopy chovan\u00fdmi v zajet\u00ed a lidmi, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eij\u00ed industrializovan\u00fdm \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem, a podobnosti mezi lidmi, je\u017e konzumuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed stravu, a divok\u00fdmi lidoopy.<\/p>\n

\u201eNa\u0161e v\u00fdsledky nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt velmi siln\u00fd vliv na spole\u010denstva hub ve st\u0159evech prim\u00e1t\u016f; av\u0161ak zdali jsou tyto houby p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b p\u0159echodn\u00fdmi (kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdmi) nebo dlouhodob\u00fdmi koloniz\u00e1tory, je nejasn\u00e9. Ale mo\u017en\u00e1 zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1, zda mal\u00e1 rozmanitost hub ve st\u0159evech z\u00e1padn\u00ed\/industrializovan\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 populace ovliv\u0148uje lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Andres Gomez z Univerzity v Minnesot\u011b.<\/p>\n

\u201eRovn\u011b\u017e to vypad\u00e1, \u017ee mus\u00edme vynalo\u017eit v\u00edce \u00fasil\u00ed na prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed opom\u00edjen\u00e9ho mykobiomu nehum\u00e1nn\u00edch prim\u00e1t\u016f, a zjistit, kter\u00e9 faktory ur\u010duj\u00ed jeho kolonizaci a roli pro zdrav\u00ed hostitele,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Kl\u00e1ra Petr\u017eelkov\u00e1. \u201eVzhledem k siln\u00e9mu vlivu environment\u00e1ln\u00edch faktor\u016f na utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed mykobiomu se m\u016f\u017eeme domn\u00edvat, \u017ee mykobiom m\u016f\u017ee citliv\u011b reagovat na antropogenn\u00ed vlivy a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vhodn\u00fdm indik\u00e1torem zdrav\u00e9ho a stabiln\u00edho ekosyst\u00e9mu, ve kter\u00e9m prim\u00e1ti \u017eij\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv potravy na houby ve st\u0159evech<\/h6>\n

V\u011bdci se v budoucnu chystaj\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159it na v\u00fdzkum jednotliv\u00fdch slo\u017eek potravy a jejich p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho vlivu na strukturu mykobiomu. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 bude tak\u00e9 sledovat, zda mykobiom utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed stejn\u00e9 procesy u r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/p>\n

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Text a foto: (tzav\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Dosp\u011bl\u00e1 samice<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Lid\u00e9 z kmenu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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  Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":255280,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[128],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/28\/dospeli-samci.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/255278"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=255278"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/255278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":255400,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/255278\/revisions\/255400"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/255280"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=255278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=255278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=255278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}