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KAREL \u010cAPEK – O ledov\u00fdch mu\u017e\u00edch:<\/strong> Lid\u00e9 zaznamen\u00e1vali n\u00e1hl\u00e9 jarn\u00ed ochlazen\u00ed u\u017e ve st\u0159edov\u011bku. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed dochovan\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z 15. stolet\u00ed. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b ov\u0161em platil juli\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159, tak\u017ee tehdej\u0161\u00ed polovina kv\u011btna dnes p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na dobu o asi deset dn\u00ed pozd\u011bji. A proto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edroda se pranostikami ne\u0159\u00edd\u00ed, nast\u00e1v\u00e1 v posledn\u00edch letech pravideln\u00e9 ochlazen\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed sv\u00e1tkem t\u0159\u00ed zmrzl\u00edk\u016f podle dne\u0161n\u00edho, gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e, a to sp\u00ed\u0161e koncem dubna. Pankr\u00e1c, Serv\u00e1c, Bonif\u00e1c, pro sada\u0159e jsou zl\u00ed chlapci. To \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 jedna z lidov\u00fdch pranostik.<\/p>\n Ozna\u010den\u00ed sv\u00e1tk\u016f t\u011bchto t\u0159\u00ed svat\u00fdch za ledov\u00e9 dny nastalo a\u017e podle lidov\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee Pankr\u00e1c, Serv\u00e1c i Bonif\u00e1c v tom jsou nevinn\u011b. Ten prvn\u00ed se proslavil jako mu\u010dedn\u00edk a druh\u00fd jako biskup, t\u0159et\u00ed byl docela oby\u010dejn\u00fd \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd k\u0159es\u0165an. \u017dili p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b ve stejn\u00e9 dob\u011b, tedy ve 4. stolet\u00ed na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu. Pankr\u00e1c poch\u00e1zel z maloasijsk\u00e9 Fr\u00fdgie, \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho Turecka, Serv\u00e1c z Arm\u00e9nie (by\u0165 velkou \u010d\u00e1st \u017eivota str\u00e1vil v dne\u0161n\u00ed Belgii a Holandsku) a Bonif\u00e1c byl \u0158\u00edman \u2013 tedy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 studen\u00e9 a nehostinn\u00e9 kraje na dalek\u00e9m severu. Pankr\u00e1c b\u00fdv\u00e1 vz\u00fdv\u00e1n proti bolestem hlavy i proti k\u0159iv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edsah\u00e1m jako zast\u00e1nce pravdy, Serv\u00e1c coby patron z\u00e1me\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a stola\u0159\u016f m\u00e1 pom\u00e1hat od bolest\u00ed nohou a hore\u010dek a Bonif\u00e1c je pouhopouh\u00fdm patronem kl\u00e1\u0161tera sv. Bonif\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee a\u010d by na m\u00edst\u011b Pankr\u00e1ce, Serv\u00e1ce i Bonif\u00e1ce byli jin\u00ed svat\u00ed, odnesli by to stejn\u011b. Nejstar\u0161\u00ed pranostiky, kter\u00e9 komentuj\u00ed kv\u011btnov\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed a riziko studen\u011bj\u0161\u00edho po\u010das\u00ed poch\u00e1zej\u00ed u\u017e ze 17. a 18. stolet\u00ed, o stolet\u00ed pozd\u011bji se s nimi d\u00edky obl\u00edben\u00fdm kalend\u00e1\u0159\u016fm sezn\u00e1mili prakticky v\u0161ichni. Rozhodn\u011b p\u0159itom ne\u0161lo o pov\u011bry \u2013 mezi 12. a\u017e 15. kv\u011btnem zkr\u00e1tka do st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy obvykle p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed citeln\u00e9 ochlazen\u00ed a no\u010dn\u00ed teploty se ob\u010das dostanou pod bod mrazu. Zahradn\u00edci i vina\u0159i s nimi po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed a v\u00ed tak\u00e9, \u017ee pro tyto dny jsou typick\u00e9 tak\u00e9 vydatn\u00e9 a studen\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b. Za n\u011b pro zm\u011bnu nese odpov\u011bdnost svat\u00e1 \u017dofie alias uplakan\u00e1 \u017dofka. Sv\u011btice, kter\u00e9 jsme p\u0159i\u0159knuli den 15. kv\u011btna, by n\u00e1s m\u011bla chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed jarn\u00edm mrazem, proto\u017ee p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed po ledov\u00fdch mu\u017e\u00edch. Ob\u010das najdeme zm\u00ednky o ledov\u00e9 \u017een\u011b, nebo \u010dast\u011bji o chladn\u00e9 \u017dofii. Pranostiky o jej\u00edm sv\u00e1tku \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad to, \u017ee svat\u00e1 \u017dofie va\u0159\u00ed z vody, \u017dofie v\u00edna upije, \u017ee \u017dofie pol\u00ed\u010dka \u010dasto zalije anebo d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 svat\u00e9 \u017dofie \u0161vestky ubije.<\/p>\n Jsme-li u\u017e u t\u011bch kv\u011btnov\u00fdch pranostik a d\u00e1vn\u00fdch zvyk\u016f s nimi spojen\u00fdch, stoj\u00ed za to si p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee kv\u011bten byl velmi vhodn\u00fdm \u010dasem pro lidov\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010ditelstv\u00ed. Mnoho lid\u00ed si nech\u00e1valo pou\u0161t\u011bt \u017eilou a l\u00e9\u010ditel\u00e9 m\u011bli pln\u00e9 ruce pr\u00e1ce se zatlouk\u00e1n\u00edm nemoc\u00ed do k\u016fry mlad\u00fdch doubk\u016f. B\u0159ezov\u00e1 m\u00edza, v t\u00e9 dob\u011b nejhojn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, sm\u00edchan\u00e1 s mast\u00ed z topolov\u00e9ho list\u00ed, byla zn\u00e1m\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem pro r\u016fst vlas\u016f. V buj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b se sb\u00edralo a d\u00e1valo dohromady \u201edevatero ko\u0159en\u00ed\u201c. Jeho slo\u017een\u00ed se ale zachovalo jen v p\u016fvodn\u00edch n\u00e1zvech, a proto je velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 odhadnout, ze kter\u00fdch skute\u010dn\u00fdch bylin se skl\u00e1dalo.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" …Pankr\u00e1c, <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":307063,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/11\/ram-zmrzlici.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254052"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=254052"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254052\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":307065,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/254052\/revisions\/307065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/307063"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=254052"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=254052"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=254052"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n… Tentokr\u00e1t se zas jednou skoro nachlup p\u0159esn\u011b uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee \u201cPankr\u00e1c, Serv\u00e1c, Bonif\u00e1c a \u017dofie jsou \u010dty\u0159i zmrzl\u00edci\u201d. Na v\u011bci nic nem\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee se k notorick\u00fdm zmrzl\u00edk\u016fm tentokr\u00e1t p\u0159ipojil tak\u00e9 \u0158eho\u0159 Nazi\u00e1nsk\u00fd, Gordi\u00e1n a Mamert; lidov\u00e1 pranostika tohoto roku m\u011bla pravdu, i kdy\u017e \u010ceskoslovensk\u00e1 vlastiv\u011bda pon\u011bkud skepticky podot\u00fdk\u00e1, \u017ee kv\u011btnov\u00e1 situace ochlazen\u00ed \u201cnen\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 v\u00e1z\u00e1na na data \u010dty\u0159 zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch sv\u011btc\u016f\u201d. Zato pr\u00fd “jest n\u011bjak\u00e1 souvislost s plovouc\u00edmi ledy od pol\u00e1rn\u00edho mo\u0159e\u201d. P\u0159esto jmenovan\u00fd pramen uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee “nep\u0159edpojat\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159enesen\u00e9 z jedn\u00e9 generace na druhou m\u016f\u017ee skr\u00fdvati mnoh\u00e9 zdrav\u00e9 a cenn\u00e9 j\u00e1dro\u201d. Toto m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed o lidov\u00fdch pranostik\u00e1ch pln\u011b potvrzuji; nap\u0159\u00edklad u\u017e po mnoho let shled\u00e1v\u00e1m, \u017ee “na Nov\u00fd rok o slepi\u010d\u00ed krok\u201d a \u017ee “na T\u0159i kr\u00e1le o hodinu d\u00e1le\u201d. Vrac\u00ed-li se takto po\u010das\u00ed k star\u00fdm pranostik\u00e1m, je v tom vid\u011bt konsolidaci pom\u011br\u016f a n\u00e1vrat k dom\u00e1c\u00edm tradic\u00edm. Snad se z toho d\u016fvodu osv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed pranostika: “Studen\u00fd m\u00e1j, v stodole r\u00e1j.\u201d Co\u017e v modern\u00ed \u0159e\u010di znamen\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed agr\u00e1rn\u00ed krizi a stoupnut\u00ed maloobchodn\u00edch cen…
\nNed\u011bln\u00ed fejetony, Lidov\u00e9 noviny 17. 5. 1935<\/strong><\/p>\n
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