{"id":252023,"date":"2024-03-27T11:16:26","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T10:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=252023"},"modified":"2024-03-30T08:19:11","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T07:19:11","slug":"o-velkem-patku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=252023","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek je pro k\u0159es\u0165any dnem smutku, modliteb a klidu, podle legendy byl na Golgot\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b v tento den uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus. Tomu se pod\u0159izuj\u00ed i lidov\u00e9 tradice a zvyky, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1valy \u010dasto je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed v\u00fdchodem slunce. A d\u011bly se pr\u00fd i z\u00e1zraky.<\/h6>\n

Lidov\u00e1 pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed pro Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek jsou t\u00e9\u017e Bolestn\u00fd \u010di Tich\u00fd p\u00e1tek \u2013 dobytku bylo n\u011bkde dokonce zvykem sund\u00e1vat zvony, aby neru\u0161ily pietu. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 vrchol\u00ed p\u016fst: dosyta by se m\u011bl na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek \u010dlov\u011bk naj\u00edst jen jednou za cel\u00fd den, nesm\u011blo to b\u00fdt ale maso. V kuchyni se proto nerozd\u011bl\u00e1val ohe\u0148 a neva\u0159ilo se.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdzdoba kostel\u016f je v tento den chud\u00e1: olt\u00e1\u0159 je bez kv\u011btin a sv\u00edc\u00ed. Kon\u00e1 se ob\u0159ad uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 vyjad\u0159ovat hlubok\u00fd smutek nad smrt\u00ed Krista. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 se v naprost\u00e9m tichu, varhany nehraj\u00ed a m\u00edsto m\u0161e se \u010dtou pa\u0161ije, v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed se kaj\u00ed a kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed od\u0159\u00edk\u00e1vaj\u00ed modlitbu vle\u017ee \u010delem k zemi, aby vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili nejhlub\u0161\u00ed vd\u011bk a pokoru. Jedin\u00fd hluk sm\u011bly v tento den d\u011blat \u0159ehta\u010dky: ty oznamovaly m\u00edsto umlkl\u00fdch zvon\u016f poledne a rann\u00ed i ve\u010dern\u00ed klek\u00e1n\u00ed. Stejn\u011b jako na Zelen\u00fd \u010dtvrtek i v p\u00e1tek d\u011bti honily Jid\u00e1\u0161e nebo u\u017e ho chycen\u00e9ho vodily po vsi a od\u0159\u00edk\u00e1valy b\u00e1sni\u010dky, aby dostaly koledu.<\/p>\n

K Velk\u00e9mu p\u00e1tku se v\u00e1\u017ee i \u0159ada pohansk\u00fdch zvyk\u016f, podle na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f se v tento den d\u011bly z\u00e1zraky \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad se otev\u00edraj\u00ed hory a vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 poklady.<\/p>\n

M\u00edsto, kde se poklad ukr\u00fdv\u00e1, pr\u00fd prozrazuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 sv\u011bt\u00fdlka a mihotav\u00e9 plam\u00ednky, z\u00e1\u0159e probleskuj\u00edc\u00ed skaln\u00edmi \u0161t\u011brbinami \u010di dokonce zlat\u00e9 kaprad\u00ed. Blani\u010dt\u00ed ryt\u00ed\u0159i maj\u00ed podle pov\u011bry naopak na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek z hory volnou cestu ven a vych\u00e1zej\u00ed zkontrolovat \u010desk\u00fd lid. Prosp\u011bch se dal v tento den p\u0159i\u010darovat tak\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Jedna z pov\u011br nap\u0159\u00edklad prav\u00ed, \u017ee kdo se na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek projde po sv\u00e9m pozemku a bouch\u00e1 p\u0159itom cepem o zem, vy\u017eene krtky k sousedovi.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 vst\u00e1vali na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed v\u00fdchodem slunce a po modlitb\u011b vyr\u00e1\u017eeli k potoku: magickou moc m\u00e1 pr\u00fd v tento den i voda. N\u011bkdy se j\u00ed \u0159\u00edkalo tak\u00e9 \u201ejord\u00e1nka\u201c (podle \u0159eky, ve kter\u00e9 byl Kristus pok\u0159t\u011bn) nebo \u201e\u0161\u0165astnice\u201c a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ela kr\u00e1su a sv\u011b\u017eest. Dokonce pr\u00fd l\u00e9\u010dila, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159i v n\u00ed proto om\u00fdvali tak\u00e9 dobytek \u010di kon\u011b. Tento v\u00fdznamn\u00fd den nem\u011bl b\u00fdt ru\u0161en v\u0161edn\u00edmi starostmi.<\/p>\n

Na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek se nesm\u011blo orat ani kopat: proto bylo zvykem sadit hr\u00e1ch o den d\u0159\u00edv, jak na\u0159izovala pranostika: \u201eNa Zelen\u00fd \u010dtvrtek hrachy zas\u00edvej, na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek se zem\u00ed neh\u00fdbej!\u201c Proto\u017ee zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed byla cel\u00e1 \u0159ada, sna\u017eili se na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 \u0159\u00eddit podle star\u00e9ho po\u0159ekadla: \u201eNa Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek nepohne\u0161 zem\u00ed, nezatop\u00ed\u0161, neupe\u010de\u0161, nevypere\u0161 a nevyb\u011bl\u00ed\u0161, nezamete\u0161, nevynese\u0161 z domu, neprod\u00e1\u0161, nep\u016fj\u010d\u00ed\u0161, nedaruje\u0161 a nep\u0159ijme\u0161 dar.\u201c V\u0161e m\u011blo sv\u016fj d\u016fvod: kdo by na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek pral, m\u00e1chal by pr\u00e1dlo v Kristov\u011b krvi. Zamet\u00e1n\u00edm by se zase vymetlo z dom\u00e1cnosti \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed a darovan\u00e9 \u010di p\u016fj\u010den\u00e9 v\u011bci by mohly posednout zl\u00e9 s\u00edly. I p\u0159es z\u00e1kaz pracovat se ale n\u011bkde p\u0159edly tzv. pa\u0161ijov\u00e9 nit\u011b. P\u00e1r steh\u016f takov\u00e9 nit\u011b na oble\u010den\u00ed m\u011blo p\u0159i jeho no\u0161en\u00ed zajistit ochranu p\u0159ed zl\u00fdmi duchy a uhranut\u00edm. A ko\u0161ile u\u0161it\u00e1 z pa\u0161ijov\u00fdch nit\u00ed m\u011bla dokonce moc chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed bleskem.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkde naopak mu\u017ei \u010distili chl\u00e9vy a hn\u016fj vyv\u00e1\u017eeli na pole, aby zajistili bohatou \u00farodu, a \u017eeny \u0161ily pr\u00e1dlo, proto\u017ee v\u011b\u0159ily, \u017ee kdo m\u00e1 v \u0161atech p\u00e1r steh\u016f u\u0161it\u00fdch velkop\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edmi nit\u011bmi, bude chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010d\u00edm, hlavn\u011b uhranut\u00edm i utopen\u00edm. P\u0159ed v\u00fdchodem slunce jako prvn\u00ed z rodiny vstala hospodyn\u011b a v zahrad\u011b se pomodlila, aby se hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed dob\u0159e da\u0159ilo. Nebo vyn\u00e1\u0161ely na potok d\u00ed\u017ei s ml\u00e9kem a chlebovou lopatu, aby bylo v hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed st\u00e1le dost ml\u00e9ka a chleba.<\/p>\n

\u0158ada pov\u011br poch\u00e1zela ze strachu z \u010darod\u011bjnic a nebezpe\u010d\u00ed uhranut\u00ed, a proto se neslo nic p\u016fj\u010dovat, proto\u017ee p\u016fj\u010den\u00e1 v\u011bc by mohla b\u00fdt o\u010darovan\u00e1. R\u00e1no lid\u00e9 vyrazili k potoku nebo \u0159ece, aby se omyli tekouc\u00ed vodou, anebo se aspo\u0148 sna\u017eili pono\u0159it do k\u00e1d\u011b s vodou. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010divou s\u00edlu ale m\u011bla voda proud\u00edc\u00ed, zaru\u010den\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 byla voda vyv\u011braj\u00edc\u00ed z lesn\u00edch pramen\u016f nebo protekl\u00e1 ml\u00fdnsk\u00fdm n\u00e1honem. Voda na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek dok\u00e1zala vyl\u00e9\u010dit choroby o\u010d\u00ed a k\u016f\u017ee, nosila kr\u00e1su a sv\u011b\u017eest. A proto\u017ee co bylo dobr\u00e9 pro lidi, bylo dobr\u00e9 i pro zv\u00ed\u0159ata, na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek se vodou z potoka pro zdrav\u00ed koupali i kon\u011b.<\/p>\n

Vodou, ale tentokr\u00e1t sv\u011bcenou, musel hospod\u00e1\u0159 vykropit chl\u00e9vy i staven\u00ed, aby nep\u0159i\u0161lo ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Na Voly\u0148sku se pr\u00fd chlapci pot\u00e1p\u011bli a sna\u017eili se \u00fasty vylovit z vody kam\u00ednek. Ten pak hodili levou rukou za hlavu, co\u017e je m\u011blo ochr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed bolen\u00edm zub\u016f.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 v tento v\u00fdznamn\u00fd den Velikonoc tak\u00e9 pe\u010dliv\u011b sledovali po\u010das\u00ed a zkou\u0161eli odhadnout, jak\u00fd je \u010dek\u00e1 rok \u2013 vznikla tak \u0159ada pranostik.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto\\: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Velk\u00fd <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":302250,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/15\/ram-velky-patek.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/252023"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=252023"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/252023\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":302317,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/252023\/revisions\/302317"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/302250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=252023"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=252023"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=252023"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}