{"id":247931,"date":"2024-02-06T23:22:29","date_gmt":"2024-02-06T22:22:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=247931"},"modified":"2024-02-06T23:22:29","modified_gmt":"2024-02-06T22:22:29","slug":"stara-sumava-masopustni-tucny-ctvrtek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=247931","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Masopustn\u00ed Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek se dle tradice \u0159ad\u00ed k posledn\u00edmu dnu v obdob\u00ed masopustu, kdy se konaj\u00ed zabija\u010dky a hostiny. Masopust v\u0161ak Tu\u010dn\u00fdm \u010dtvrtkem je\u0161t\u011b nekon\u010d\u00ed. Vrchol tohoto obdob\u00ed nast\u00e1v\u00e1 a\u017e v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dnech. Tu\u010dn\u00fdm, a n\u011bkde vcelku bez okolk\u016f naz\u00fdvan\u00fdm Tlust\u00fdm \u010dtvrtkem vstupuje ob\u017eerstv\u00edm a kratochviln\u00fdmi radov\u00e1nkami nabit\u00e9 masopustn\u00ed obdob\u00ed do mohutn\u00e9ho fin\u00e1le. Te\u010f anebo nikdy! Veselme se, radujme se a h\u0159e\u0161me jako o \u017eivot, proto\u017ee a\u017e muzikanti zav\u0159ou basu do sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b, nastane Velk\u00fd p\u016fst.<\/h6>\n

A\u010dkoliv o Tu\u010dn\u00e9m \u010dtvrtku se n\u00e1m podle tradice m\u00e1 lesknout huba omastkem, abychom nejen na p\u016fst, ale na cel\u00fd rok nabrali s\u00edlu, nab\u00edz\u00edme dnes koblihy i t\u011bm, kter\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9my odsoudily k dobrovoln\u00e9 \u010di nutn\u00e9 st\u0159\u00eddmosti, \u010dili koblihy pe\u010den\u00e9. P\u0159irozen\u00fd b\u011bh n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho roku vymezil masopustu \u00fakol sympatick\u00fd v\u0161em jedl\u00edk\u016fm: \u0158\u00e1dn\u011b se nasytit a u\u017e\u00edt si dostatku p\u0159ed obdob\u00edm, kter\u00e9 do sp\u00ed\u017e\u00ed nep\u0159inese z\u00e1soby j\u00eddla z nov\u00e9 \u00farody ani z chovu a kter\u00e9 potrv\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e m\u011bs\u00edc a\u017e do jarn\u00edho probouzen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody, do Velikonoc.<\/p>\n

Tradice p\u0159edjarn\u00edho vesel\u00ed m\u00e1 hlubokou historii, oslavy toti\u017e mohou m\u00edt ko\u0159eny a\u017e v \u010dasech indoevropsk\u00e9 kultury nebo v prastar\u00e9m kultu zimn\u00edho slunovratu. Hlavn\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem masek tehdy nebylo pobaven\u00ed, ale slou\u017eily k zahn\u00e1n\u00ed temn\u00fdch duch\u016f tmy a mrazu. Starov\u011bk\u00e9 oslavy zimn\u00edho slunovratu se postupem \u010dasu ov\u0161em \u201ep\u0159etavily\u201c do podoby st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdch masopust\u016f, karneval\u016f nebo fa\u0161ank\u016f. Oslava konce zimy a tmy d\u00e1vala ze selsk\u00e9ho hlediska smysl. V lednu a v \u00fanoru se dokon\u010dovaly pr\u00e1ce hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho roku, doml\u00e1celo se obil\u00ed nebo se zpracov\u00e1vala p\u0159\u00edze.<\/p>\n

K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 c\u00edrkev oslavy zimn\u00edho slunovratu od pohan\u016f pozd\u011bji p\u0159evzala a pojala za sv\u00e9 s t\u00edm, \u017ee se j\u00ed poda\u0159\u00ed pohansk\u00fd v\u00fdznam potla\u010dit a lid\u00e9 se pozm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9 tradici p\u0159izp\u016fsob\u00ed. Ma\u0161karn\u00ed pr\u016fvody se j\u00ed v\u0161ak smazat nepoda\u0159ilo. O prvn\u00edch masopustech na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech a Moravy vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy u\u017e ze 13. stolet\u00ed. V \u017eivotech lid\u00ed se jednalo o \u010das notn\u00fdch oslav. B\u011bhem masopust\u016f se konaly svatby, zabija\u010dky, tancova\u010dky a zp\u00edvaly se koledy. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 prob\u00edhaly p\u0159\u00edpravy k nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmu hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu obdob\u00ed, kter\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednalo jarn\u00edmi pracemi na pol\u00edch. Lidov\u00fd sv\u00e1tek se ani v \u010dasech renesance nicm\u00e9n\u011b nevyhnul c\u00edrkevn\u00ed perzekuci.<\/p>\n

Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek jako sou\u010d\u00e1st masopustu m\u00e1 v \u010cech\u00e1ch tradici dolo\u017eenou ji\u017e za posledn\u00edch P\u0159emyslovc\u016f a zvyk je jist\u011b mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. Ve st\u0159edov\u011bku a ran\u00e9m novov\u011bku bylo dobr\u00fdm zvykem j\u00edst zv\u011b\u0159inu, kdo tuto mo\u017enost nem\u011bl, jedl jehn\u011b\u010d\u00ed, skopov\u00e9 \u010di hov\u011bz\u00ed. Od 18. stolet\u00ed se na vesnic\u00edch roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il zvyk masopustn\u00edch zab\u00edja\u010dek a typick\u00fdm j\u00eddlem na Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek se stala vep\u0159ov\u00e1 \u0159e\u010den\u011b s houskov\u00fdmi knedl\u00edky a zel\u00edm, jitrnice a jelita byla sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed masopustn\u00ed v\u00fdslu\u017eky. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu 19. stolet\u00ed se zvyk j\u00edst na Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek \u201evep\u0159o, knedlo, zelo\u201c roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il i do m\u011bst. Dal\u0161\u00edm obl\u00edben\u00fdm pokrmem b\u00fdvala husa, podobn\u011b jako o sv\u00e1tku sv. Martina. Oboj\u00ed se d\u016fkladn\u011b zal\u00e9valo pivem, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto prokl\u00e1dalo ko\u0159alkou.<\/p>\n

Tu\u010dn\u00e9 j\u00eddlo a alkohol k sob\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed od nepam\u011bti. Alespo\u0148 tak to dnes ch\u00e1pe v\u011bt\u0161ina z n\u00e1s, i kdy\u017e to nen\u00ed tak \u00fapln\u011b pravda. Masopust jako obdob\u00ed roku za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 ji\u017e po sv\u00e1tku T\u0159ech kr\u00e1l\u016f, av\u0161ak t\u00edmto dnem za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 on\u011bch posledn\u00edch \u0161est dn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fdch masopustn\u00edch radov\u00e1nek. Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek je dnem masa a sladk\u00e9ho pe\u010diva, zkr\u00e1tka den povolen\u00e9ho a organizovan\u00e9ho p\u0159ej\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pokrmem, kter\u00fd je pro Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek snad nejtypi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, jsou koblihy. Zvyk na tento den sma\u017eit ve velk\u00e9m koblihy je u n\u00e1s dolo\u017een tak\u00e9 ji\u017e ze st\u0159edov\u011bku a svou oblibu koblihy neztratily ani dnes. Sma\u017e\u00ed se ve vysok\u00e9 vrstv\u011b oleje a pln\u00ed se nej\u010dast\u011bji marmel\u00e1dou, povidly, m\u00e1kem.<\/p>\n

A\u010dkoli je Tu\u010dn\u00fd \u010dtvrtek tradi\u010dn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed masopustu ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b katolick\u00fdch a protestantsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed (zn\u00e1m je i v pravoslavn\u00fdch), dnes se slav\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v n\u011bmecky mluv\u00edc\u00edch zem\u00edch a v Polsku.<\/p>\n

A na z\u00e1v\u011br zaj\u00edmavost: Pro\u010d masopustn\u00ed vesel\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b ve \u010dtvrtek? Pro\u010d ne t\u0159eba ve st\u0159edu? Masopustn\u00ed vesel\u00ed by tak trvalo cel\u00fd t\u00fdden, ne pouze \u0161est dn\u00ed. D\u016fvody pro volbu \u010dtvrtka byly jak liturgick\u00e9, tak praktick\u00e9. St\u0159eda a p\u00e1tek b\u00fdvaly postn\u00edmi dny, jako dny kdy za\u010dalo a skon\u010dilo Kristovo utrpen\u00ed. To platilo cel\u00fd rok, a v\u00fdjimka se ned\u011blala ani o masopustu. Ostatn\u011b p\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed p\u016fst dodr\u017euj\u00ed praktikuj\u00edc\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 dodnes. A te\u010f ten praktick\u00fd d\u016fvod: maso ze zab\u00edja\u010dky bylo nutn\u00e9 sn\u00edst do n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho \u00faterka, popele\u010dn\u00ed st\u0159edou za\u010d\u00ednal \u010dty\u0159icetidenn\u00ed p\u016fst.<\/p>\n

S Tu\u010dn\u00fdm \u010dtvrtkem byla spojena \u0159ada pov\u011br, jako s ka\u017ed\u00fdm v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sv\u00e1tkem. V\u011b\u0159ilo se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm, \u017ee kdo se dostate\u010dn\u011b nenaj\u00ed, ten nebude cel\u00fd rok p\u0159i s\u00edle. Kolem koblih se tak\u00e9 vytvo\u0159ila \u0159ada zvyk\u016f, jedna kobliha se nap\u0159. usu\u0161ila, rozemlela na pr\u00e1\u0161ek a ten se p\u0159id\u00e1val do krmen\u00ed nemocn\u00fdm zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm. V\u00edra v kouzelnou moc Tu\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010dtvrtka b\u00fdvala velmi siln\u00e1.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Tu\u010dn\u00fd <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":297031,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/06\/ram-masopustni.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247931"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=247931"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247931\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":297030,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247931\/revisions\/297030"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/297031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=247931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=247931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=247931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}