{"id":246824,"date":"2022-02-12T19:29:58","date_gmt":"2022-02-12T18:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=246824"},"modified":"2022-05-28T19:30:41","modified_gmt":"2022-05-28T18:30:41","slug":"veda-a-priroda-pijavky-pomuzou-pri-peci-o-zvirata-v-zoologickych-zahradach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=246824","title":{"rendered":"V\u011aDA A P\u0158\u00cdRODA: Pijavky pom\u016f\u017eou p\u0159i p\u00e9\u010di o zv\u00ed\u0159ata v zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_246826\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-246826\" style=\"width: 1100px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-246826 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kun.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1100\" height=\"826\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kun.jpg 1100w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kun-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kun-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kun-1024x769.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kun-475x357.jpg 475w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kun-643x483.jpg 643w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-246826\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pijavice p\u0159is\u00e1t\u00e1 na koni<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>Odb\u011br krve, by\u0165 je pro p\u00e9\u010di nutn\u00fd, zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed stres. Odborn\u00edci proto zkoumaj\u00ed mo\u017enosti, jak z\u00edskat krevn\u00ed vzorky zv\u00ed\u0159at v z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch chovech a ZOO m\u00e9n\u011b invazivn\u011b. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f otestoval, \u017ee pomoci m\u016f\u017eou pijavky l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 \u2013 krevn\u00ed vzorky, kter\u00e9 nasaj\u00ed, lze \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt pro krevn\u00ed rozbory pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 ve veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b k posouzen\u00ed zdravotn\u00edho stavu zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/h6>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-243085 alignright\" src=\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/19\/akademie-v\u011bd-av-cr-logo-300x80.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"80\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/19\/akademie-v\u011bd-av-cr-logo-300x80.png 300w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/19\/akademie-v\u011bd-av-cr-logo-768x206.png 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/19\/akademie-v\u011bd-av-cr-logo-1024x275.png 1024w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/19\/akademie-v\u011bd-av-cr-logo-1331x357.png 1331w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/19\/akademie-v\u011bd-av-cr-logo-1801x483.png 1801w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>Pou\u017eit\u00ed pijavek pro odb\u011bry krve tak m\u016f\u017ee pomoci s lep\u0161\u00ed p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o zv\u00ed\u0159ata chovan\u00e1 v zajet\u00ed. Na v\u00fdzkumu se pod\u00edlel tak\u00e9 Old\u0159ich Tom\u00e1\u0161ek z \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci zkoumali vyu\u017eit\u00ed pijavek pro odb\u011br krve ohro\u017een\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at v zajet\u00ed u\u017e d\u0159\u00edve. Na rozd\u00edl od klasick\u00e9ho odb\u011bru, kter\u00fd v\u011bt\u0161inou vy\u017eaduje jejich znehybn\u011bn\u00ed \u010di anestezii, nav\u00edc vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd stres a tud\u00ed\u017e hroz\u00ed riziko zran\u011bn\u00ed \u010di \u00fahynu, pomoc\u00ed pijavek lze zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm krev odebrat bez toho, aby byla n\u011bjak omezena.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>Pijavka l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1<\/strong> (Hirudo medicinalis) je z\u00e1stupce z kmene krou\u017ekovc\u016f, kter\u00fd se d\u0159\u00edve hojn\u011b u\u017e\u00edval k odeb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed krve a ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed krevn\u00edho ob\u011bhu. Dor\u016fst\u00e1 zpravidla velikosti 10 a\u017e 15 cm.\u00a0<\/em><em>Druhov\u00e9 jm\u00e9no t\u00e9to pijavky odkazuje na d\u00e1vn\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed v medic\u00edn\u011b. I sou\u010dasn\u00e9 studie popisuj\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed pijavek nap\u0159. p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b podlitin zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch zran\u011bn\u00edm nebo v plastick\u00e9 chirurgii a po ortopedick\u00fdch z\u00e1kroc\u00edch.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eV p\u0159edchoz\u00ed studii jsme zjistili, \u017ee krev odebran\u00e1 pomoc\u00ed pijavek je vhodn\u00e1 pro kvalitativn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy, jako je anal\u00fdza p\u0159\u00edtomnosti \u010di nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti protil\u00e1tek proti patogen\u016fm. V dal\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu jsme se zam\u011b\u0159ili na to, zda takto odebran\u00e9 vzorky lze s \u00fasp\u011bchem vyu\u017e\u00edt i pro kvantitativn\u00ed anal\u00fdzy, ve kter\u00fdch jde o m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed koncentrac\u00ed v krvi obsa\u017een\u00fdch l\u00e1tek \u010di bun\u011bk,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje vedouc\u00ed veterin\u00e1\u0159 ze ZOO v Lublan\u011b a hlavn\u00ed autor studie Pavel Kvapil a dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201e<em>Takto odebran\u00e1 krev n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee prozradit d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace o zdravotn\u00edm stavu zv\u00ed\u0159ete, ani\u017e bychom ho p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 stresovali.\u201c<\/em> Vyu\u017eit\u00ed drobn\u00fdch krou\u017ekovc\u016f m\u00e1 proto potenci\u00e1l v\u00fdznamn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161it pohodu (welfare) zv\u00ed\u0159at p\u0159i odb\u011brech krve pro veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010di v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci pomoc\u00ed pijavek odebrali krev 67 zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm z 11 r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f, mezi kter\u00fdmi byla jednak velk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, jako lama alpaka, koza dom\u00e1c\u00ed, zebra Chapmanova, klokan rudokrk\u00fd, kozoro\u017eec horsk\u00fd, \u010di zv\u00ed\u0159ata men\u0161\u00ed velikosti, nap\u0159\u00edklad potkan, kr\u00e1l\u00edk \u010di mara stepn\u00ed. V\u0161echna poch\u00e1zela z lubla\u0148sk\u00e9 zoo.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201eDo budoucna by bylo dobr\u00e9 otestovat metodu na v\u00edce druz\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at a rozpracovat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed metody aplikace pijavek bez nutnosti odchytu a znehybn\u011bn\u00ed \u010di anestezie odeb\u00edran\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at,\u201c<\/em> dod\u00e1v\u00e1 Old\u0159ich Tom\u00e1\u0161ek z \u00dastavu biologie obratlovc\u016f AV \u010cR, kter\u00fd m\u011bl ve studii, je\u017e vy\u0161la ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fvets.2022.831836\/full?utm_source=F-NTF&amp;utm_medium=EMLX&amp;utm_campaign=PRD_FEOPS_20170000_ARTICLE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Frontiers in Veterinary Science<\/strong><\/a>, na starosti statistick\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy.<\/p>\n<h6>Kdy\u017e pijavky z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed vzorky\u2026<\/h6>\n<p>Odb\u011br krve pomoc\u00ed pijavek se d\u011bl\u00e1 tak, \u017ee se do v\u00fdb\u011bhu ke zkouman\u00e9mu zv\u00ed\u0159eti vlo\u017e\u00ed d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1 podlo\u017eka s vyvrtan\u00fdmi d\u00edrami,v nich jsou um\u00edst\u011bny n\u00e1dobky s pijavic\u00ed p\u0159ekryt\u00e9 pl\u00e1t\u00fdnkem. Deska se d\u00e1 na m\u00edsto, kam si zv\u00ed\u0159ata lehaj\u00ed. Kdy\u017e zv\u00ed\u0159e ulehne, pijavky prokou\u0161ou pl\u00e1t\u00fdnko a za\u010dnou krev s\u00e1t. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b pr\u00e1ce s pijavkami nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b jednoduch\u00e1; Jsou choulostiv\u00e9, nemaj\u00ed r\u00e1dy slunce a preferuj\u00ed vlhko, tak\u017ee ne v\u017edy se odb\u011br poda\u0159\u00ed. Zaj\u00edmavost\u00ed je, \u017ee zv\u00ed\u0159ata pijavice toleruj\u00ed l\u00e9pe ne\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad krev saj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1ke\u0159nice, tzv. \u201ekissing bugs\u201c, na kter\u00e9 \u010dasto reaguj\u00ed nervozitou.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(tzav\u010dr)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_246825\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-246825\" style=\"width: 826px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-246825 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kozorozec.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"826\" height=\"1100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kozorozec.jpg 826w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kozorozec-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kozorozec-768x1023.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kozorozec-769x1024.jpg 769w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kozorozec-268x357.jpg 268w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kozorozec-363x483.jpg 363w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-246825\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Odb\u011br krve pomoc\u00ed pijavic u kozoro\u017ece alpsk\u00e9ho (Capra ibex)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_246827\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-246827\" style=\"width: 454px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-246827 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"454\" height=\"605\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku2.jpg 454w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku2-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku2-268x357.jpg 268w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku2-362x483.jpg 362w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 454px) 100vw, 454px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-246827\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Odb\u011br vzork\u016f z nakrmen\u00e9 pijavice<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_246828\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-246828\" style=\"width: 826px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-246828 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku-pijavice.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"826\" height=\"1100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku-pijavice.jpg 826w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku-pijavice-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku-pijavice-768x1023.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku-pijavice-769x1024.jpg 769w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku-pijavice-268x357.jpg 268w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/odber-vzorku-pijavice-363x483.jpg 363w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-246828\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Odb\u011br vzork\u016f krve z pijavice<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_246829\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-246829\" style=\"width: 826px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-246829 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/pijavice-ceka.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"826\" height=\"1100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/pijavice-ceka.jpg 826w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/pijavice-ceka-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/pijavice-ceka-768x1023.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/pijavice-ceka-769x1024.jpg 769w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/pijavice-ceka-268x357.jpg 268w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/pijavice-ceka-363x483.jpg 363w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-246829\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pijavice \u010dek\u00e1 na ko\u0159ist<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_246830\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-246830\" style=\"width: 1100px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-246830 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/zebra.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1100\" height=\"826\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/zebra.jpg 1100w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/zebra-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/zebra-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/zebra-1024x769.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/zebra-475x357.jpg 475w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/zebra-643x483.jpg 643w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1100px) 100vw, 1100px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-246830\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Odb\u011br krve pomoc\u00ed pijavice u zebry Chapmanovy (Equus quagga chapmani)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Odb\u011br <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":246831,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,174],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/09\/kozorozec-tit.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246824"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=246824"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246824\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":246832,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/246824\/revisions\/246832"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/246831"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=246824"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=246824"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=246824"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}