{"id":242665,"date":"2025-12-16T09:37:22","date_gmt":"2025-12-16T08:37:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=242665"},"modified":"2025-12-16T12:48:06","modified_gmt":"2025-12-16T11:48:06","slug":"pratele-ceskych-tradic-betlem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=242665","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c9 TRADICE: Betl\u00e9m"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc na kterou bychom nem\u011bli zapomenout je betl\u00e9m. Betl\u00e9m je nejtypi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st \u010desk\u00fdch V\u00e1noc. Nikde jinde v takov\u00e9m po\u010dtu, jak v historii, tak v sou\u010dasnosti, betl\u00e9my nenajdete.<\/h6>\n

Betl\u00e9m se stav\u00ed postupn\u011b. Nejprve vyt\u00e1hneme samotn\u00e9 jesli\u010dky, kter\u00e9 p\u011bkn\u011b opr\u00e1\u0161\u00edme a nachyt\u00e1me. A\u017e odpoledne na \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den p\u0159id\u00e1me Josefa s Mari\u00ed a p\u0159ed odchodem na p\u016flno\u010dn\u00ed proch\u00e1zku nebo bohoslu\u017ebu Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ka. Dal\u0161\u00ed dny pak p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1me p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed postavy, kter\u00e9 se jdou klan\u011bt Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161kovi a a\u017e 6. ledna p\u0159id\u00e1me T\u0159i kr\u00e1le.<\/p>\n

6. ledna na T\u0159i kr\u00e1le nebo nejpozd\u011bji n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed ned\u011bli se skl\u00edz\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzdoba, jen betl\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee z\u016fstatat a\u017e do Hromnic 2. \u00fanora.<\/p>\n

A n\u011bco historie<\/h6>\n

Betl\u00e9m m\u00e1 u n\u00e1s velice dlouhou tradici. Zprvu se vyvinul z p\u0159edstaven\u00ed kter\u00e1 se hr\u00e1la v kostelech, je\u017e byla pozd\u011bji zak\u00e1z\u00e1na, a tak m\u00edsto \u017eiv\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f se po\u010daly vy\u0159ez\u00e1vat figury v \u017eivotn\u00edch velikostech, se kter\u00fdmi se ka\u017ed\u00fd den h\u00fdbalo a p\u0159id\u00e1vali se dal\u0161\u00ed figury, dle betl\u00e9msk\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu.<\/p>\n

Jesle se pak poprv\u00e9 v dom\u00e1c\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch objevily po\u010d\u00e1tkem 18. stolet\u00ed, kdy si je do sv\u00fdch soukrom\u00fdch kapl\u00ed nechala z\u0159\u00eddit \u0161lechta. U\u017e b\u011bhem prvn\u00ed poloviny 18. stolet\u00ed se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily mezi m\u011b\u0161\u0165anstvo. A proto\u017ee se to moc l\u00edbilo i lidem na vs\u00edch, tak si tak\u00e9 za\u010dali vy\u0159ez\u00e1vat betl\u00e9my ze d\u0159eva, vyr\u00e1b\u011bt ze \u0161ust\u00ed a ze sl\u00e1my a do konce 18. stolet\u00ed byly betl\u00e9my prakticky v\u0161ude.<\/p>\n

\u010casto se objevovaly i betl\u00e9my z vosku, z hl\u00edny, pro majetn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky z porcel\u00e1nu a jin\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f. Tento postup byl pomalej\u0161\u00ed na Morav\u011b. N\u011bkomu se stalo betl\u00e9m\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edm kon\u00ed\u010dkem a l\u00e1skou a vy\u0159ez\u00e1val postavi\u010dky a za n\u011bkolik let vznikly betl\u00e9my zab\u00edraj\u00edc\u00ed p\u016fl sv\u011btnice, na kter\u00e9 se chodili koukat lid\u00e9 ze \u0161irok\u00e9ho okol\u00ed a za pod\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed betl\u00e9m\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159inesli tu jabl\u00ed\u010dko, tu pytl\u00edk mouky a n\u011bkdo i gro\u0161. St\u00e1l ve sv\u011btnici a\u017e do Hromnic a to bylo n\u011bjak\u00e9ho \u010dasu.<\/p>\n

V 19. stolet\u00ed se za\u010daly objevovat betl\u00e9my z kartonov\u00e9ho pap\u00edru, ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Vlastimil Vondru\u0161ka \u2013 C\u00edrkevn\u00ed rok a lidov\u00e9 oby\u010deje
\n\u010cen\u011bk Z\u00edbrt – Vesel\u00e9 chv\u00edle v \u017eivot\u011b \u010desk\u00e9ho lidu
\nLadislava Paterko \u2013<\/strong> p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky a semin\u00e1\u0159e<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravila: Barbora ORS\u00c1GOV\u00c1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Dal\u0161\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":331513,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/14\/ram-betlem.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242665"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=242665"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242665\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":332700,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242665\/revisions\/332700"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/331513"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=242665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=242665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=242665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}