{"id":242464,"date":"2024-12-27T15:02:16","date_gmt":"2024-12-27T14:02:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=242464"},"modified":"2024-12-27T15:02:16","modified_gmt":"2024-12-27T14:02:16","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-vonave-kouzlo-svatku-vanocnich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=242464","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Vo\u0148av\u00e9 kouzlo sv\u00e1tk\u016f v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"

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P\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed \u010das je temn\u00fd a studen\u00fd. Franti\u0161ek probud\u00ed svou v\u016fn\u00ed kadidla ka\u017ed\u00e9ho s p\u0159\u00edchodem adventu. Kolem se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed kou\u0159 a potichou\u010dku – nastane advent – je to c\u00edtit ve vzduchu… Tradice p\u00e1len\u00ed franti\u0161ka poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u010desko\u2013n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho pohrani\u010d\u00ed a je star\u00e1 v\u00edc ne\u017e 300 let. Ale u\u017e d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed t\u00edm bylo zvykem v\u017edy na p\u0159elomu roku prov\u00e1d\u011bt v p\u0159\u00edbytc\u00edch kadidlov\u00e9 vyku\u0159ovac\u00ed ritu\u00e1ly. Prostor se tak o\u010di\u0161\u0165oval od negativn\u00ed energie, zl\u00fdch duch\u016f a nemoc\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

Tradici p\u00e1len\u00ed franti\u0161ka pr\u00fd zavedl svat\u00fd Franti\u0161ek z Assisi, kter\u00fd byl zakladatelem novodob\u00e9ho pojet\u00ed V\u00e1noc. Proto se tak\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee po n\u011bm dostal tento vo\u0148av\u00fd ku\u017e\u00edlek jm\u00e9no. Sp\u00ed\u0161 je ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee je odvozen\u00e9 od anglick\u00e9ho n\u00e1zvu kadidla, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1v\u00e1 franti\u0161k\u016fm typickou v\u016fni – Frankincense. V\u016fn\u011b kadidla, kter\u00e1 je pro franti\u0161ky typick\u00e1, se tak p\u0159enesla z chr\u00e1m\u016f i do rodinn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbytk\u016f. Kadidlo neboli olibanum bylo jedn\u00edm z dar\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159inesli t\u0159i kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 nebo sp\u00ed\u0161e mudrci pr\u00e1v\u011b narozen\u00e9mu Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161kovi. A to m\u011blo jist\u011b sv\u016fj v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n

Z bible se dozv\u00edd\u00e1me, \u017ee Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161ovi prozradil recept na kadidlo, kter\u00e9 mu obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 von\u00ed, s\u00e1m Hospodin. \u201eVezmi sob\u011b vonn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed, balsamu, onychi, galbanu vonn\u00e9ho a kadidla \u010dist\u00e9ho, jednostejn\u00e1 v\u00e1ha toho bude. A ud\u011bl\u00e1\u0161 z toho kadidlo, slo\u017een\u00edm d\u00edlem apatyk\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9, \u010dist\u00e9 a svat\u00e9.\u201c Doporu\u010duje Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161ovi utlouct v\u0161e nadrobno a p\u00e1lit p\u0159i bohoslu\u017eb\u011b k Bo\u017e\u00ed poct\u011b. \u010cin\u00ed si v\u0161ak pon\u011bkud drsn\u011b na tuto sm\u011bs autorsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo: \u201eKdo by d\u011blal co podobn\u00e9ho k v\u016fni sob\u011b, vyhlazen bude z lidu sv\u00e9ho.\u201c V\u00edme ale, co Bohu von\u00ed? Balsam je prysky\u0159ice stromku Commiphora abyssinica, galban vonn\u00fd je ml\u00e9\u010dn\u011b b\u00edl\u00e1 prysky\u0159ice z lodyh a stopek list\u016f Ferula galbaniflua a F. ribrikaulis rostouc\u00edch v Persii. Kadidlem je m\u00edn\u011bna klejoprysky\u0159ice vyt\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00ed ze z\u00e1\u0159ez\u016f na kmenech Bowseli\u00ed a kone\u010dn\u011b onychi poch\u00e1z\u00ed z dr\u00e1pkovit\u00fdch mu\u0161l\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddlatky, kter\u00e9 se sb\u00edraj\u00ed na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Rud\u00e9ho mo\u0159e.<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e benediktin Jan z Hole\u0161ova popisoval za \u010das\u016f V\u00e1clava IV. \u0161t\u011bdrove\u010dern\u00ed koledu, p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed v b\u00edl\u00e9m rouchu oku\u0159uj\u00ed tou dobou \u201ekadidlem tak\u00e9 domy, do nich\u017e p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed, aby silou kadidla dokonale vypudili \u010f\u00e1bla, kn\u00ed\u017eete temnot, ze v\u0161ech kout\u016f\u201d.<\/p>\n

Kn\u00ed\u017ee temnot b\u00fdval tou dobou velmi mocn\u00fd. V \u010dase tzv. vyku\u0159ovac\u00edch noc\u00ed, jak bylo ozna\u010dov\u00e1no obdob\u00ed od svat\u00e9 Lucie po Bo\u017e\u00ed hod (13. a\u017e 25. prosince) anebo \u010das od \u0160t\u011bdr\u00e9ho ve\u010dera a\u017e do T\u0159\u00ed kr\u00e1l\u016f (24. prosince a\u017e 6. ledna), t\u00e1hli podle d\u00e1vn\u00fdch m\u00fdt\u016f n\u011bmeck\u00fdm a mo\u017en\u00e1 i \u010desk\u00fdm krajem pohan\u0161t\u00ed bohov\u00e9 s vojskem duch\u016f, jim\u017e mohl \u010dlov\u011bk \u010delit jedin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u2013 kou\u0159em. D\u00fdm stoupaj\u00edc\u00ed k nebi byl toti\u017e n\u00e1strojem, j\u00edm\u017e lid\u00e9 oded\u00e1vna \u201ekomunikovali\u201c se sv\u011btem boh\u016f a tak\u00e9 d\u00e9mon\u016f. V o\u010d\u00edch pravov\u011brn\u00e9ho k\u0159es\u0165ana byli samoz\u0159ejm\u011b sta\u0159\u00ed bohov\u00e9 i duchov\u00e9 okolo nich pouh\u00fdmi pekeln\u00edky, kte\u0159\u00ed se z na\u0161ich V\u00e1noc nakonec \u00fapln\u011b vytratili. Nen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee Jan z Hole\u0161ova p\u0159i sv\u00e9m popisu st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdch \u010desk\u00fdch v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch zvyk\u016f p\u0159ipom\u00ednal, jak snadno se m\u016f\u017ee \u010dert o t\u011bchto sv\u00e1tc\u00edch zmocnit lidsk\u00e9 du\u0161e, a to i skrze o\u010distn\u00e9 kadidlo.<\/p>\n

Ne\u00famysln\u011b tak upozornil i na dal\u0161\u00ed dva u n\u00e1s u\u017e pov\u011bt\u0161inou zapomenut\u00e9 zvyky, toti\u017e na z\u00e1kaz vyn\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho ohn\u011b z domu a na v\u011b\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed z d\u00fdmu. \u010cesk\u00fd lingvista V\u00e1clav Machek sice tvrdil, \u017ee \u201edoklad (a recept)\u201c na n\u011b se objevuje u\u017e ve spise z 1. t\u0159etiny 17. stolet\u00ed. Dnes je v\u0161ak tento n\u00e1pad, a\u0165 u\u017e pr\u00e1vem, \u010di nepr\u00e1vem, spojov\u00e1n se saskou vs\u00ed Crottendorf na z\u00e1padn\u00ed stran\u011b Kru\u0161n\u00fdch hor, kde je v\u00fdroba franti\u0161k\u016f dolo\u017eena od poloviny 18. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Vonn\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 trojhr\u00e1nky a ku\u017eel\u00edky budily v\u017edy z\u00e1jem i nad\u0161en\u00ed. Dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 to i \u017eivotopis velk\u00e9ho n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho b\u00e1sn\u00edka Johanna Wolfganga Goetha (1749 \u20131832), kter\u00fd do \u010das\u016f sv\u00e9ho d\u011btstv\u00ed zasadil vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o mal\u00e9 nehod\u011b, kterou za\u017eil p\u0159i p\u00e1len\u00ed franti\u0161k\u016f. Rozn\u00edtil je s nad\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee se tak p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed Bohu, \u201ekter\u00fd je v p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m spojen\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edrodou\u201c, s jej\u00edm sv\u011btlem i v\u016fn\u011bmi, co\u017e oboj\u00ed \u017ehnouc\u00ed a d\u00fdmaj\u00edc\u00ed trojhr\u00e1nek ide\u00e1ln\u011b spojoval. Dos\u00e1hl v\u0161ak jen toho, \u017ee zap\u00e1len\u00e9 trojhr\u00e1nky poni\u010dily \u201e\u010derven\u00fd lak a kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 kv\u011bty\u201c na hudebn\u00edm pult\u00edku jeho otce, kam je chlapec Goethe polo\u017eil. V\u016fn\u011b franti\u0161ku z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 vzd\u00e1len\u00fdm odleskem t\u011bchto pocit\u016f ohro\u017een\u00ed – ale skute\u010dn\u011b jen velmi vzd\u00e1len\u00fdm, jak p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 t\u0159eba pozn\u00e1mka b\u00e1sn\u00edka Svatopluka \u010cecha (1846\u20131908): \u201eKamna trochu \u010dad\u00ed – nu co\u017e? Zap\u00e1l\u00edm franti\u0161ek!\u201c Ob\u010dana 19. stolet\u00ed u\u017e kn\u00ed\u017ee temnot a jeho pekeln\u00e1 dru\u017eina zjevn\u011b nijak netr\u00e1pili.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: rchiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  P\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":332495,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/21\/ram-vonave-kouzlo.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242464"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=242464"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242464\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":332496,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/242464\/revisions\/332496"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/332495"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=242464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=242464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=242464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}