{"id":242248,"date":"2024-12-19T19:54:01","date_gmt":"2024-12-19T18:54:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=242248"},"modified":"2024-12-19T19:54:01","modified_gmt":"2024-12-19T18:54:01","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-legendami-opredeny-vanocni-ker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=242248","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: Legendami op\u0159eden\u00fd v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed ke\u0159"},"content":{"rendered":"

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V dob\u011b Adventu nelze nevzpomenout kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 cesm\u00edny. Jsou op\u0159edeny pov\u011bstmi i legendami, k mnoha druh\u016fm se v\u00e1\u017eou podivn\u00e9, tajemn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy. Tyto pov\u011bry se v\u00e1\u017eou zejm\u00e9na ke st\u00e1lezelen\u00fdm druh\u016fm, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b v pohansk\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch symbolizovaly v\u011b\u010dn\u00fd \u017eivot a st\u00e1lou vitalitu. Cesm\u00edny byly u\u017e od d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dob symbolem zimn\u00edho slunovratu, jej\u00ed v\u011btvi\u010dky trhan\u00e9 v p\u0159edve\u010der zimn\u00edho slunovratu m\u011bly chr\u00e1nit d\u016fm p\u0159ed blesky i r\u016fzn\u00fdmi kouzly.<\/h6>\n

Jen dv\u011b barvy jsou neodmysliteln\u011b spojen\u00e9 s v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edmi sv\u00e1tky. Jsou jimi tmav\u011b zelen\u00e1 a rud\u011b \u010derven\u00e1. Oba tyto t\u00f3ny najdeme na cesm\u00edn\u011b. V\u00fdhodou t\u00e9to rostliny je fakt, \u017ee vydr\u017e\u00ed dlouho \u010derstv\u00e1, proto je ide\u00e1ln\u00edm prvkem do v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch dekorac\u00ed a aran\u017em\u00e1. Pichlav\u00e9 v\u011btvi\u010dky cesm\u00edny s mno\u017estv\u00edm \u010derven\u00fdch bobulek najdeme na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch pohlednic\u00edch i dekorac\u00edch. Prvn\u00ed dovezen\u00fd exempl\u00e1\u0159 na na\u0161em \u00fazem\u00ed byl vysazen u\u017e v roce 1880 v parku u z\u00e1mku Sychrov. Mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak z n\u00ed vyrobit v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed dekorace je nep\u0159ebern\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed a vnesou do va\u0161eho domova tu pravou v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n

Dnes p\u0159i pohledu na tuto rostlinu nelze nezd\u016fraznit jej\u00ed s\u00edlu, odolnost a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jej\u00ed p\u016fvab a kr\u00e1su. Evidentn\u011b odrazuj\u00edc\u00ed pro sv\u00e9 trny, upout\u00e1v\u00e1 pozornost pro sv\u00e9 barvy, mramorov\u00e1n\u00ed a bobule. P\u0159esto\u017ee u n\u00e1s jsou V\u00e1noce spojeny sp\u00ed\u0161e s jehli\u010d\u00edm a jmel\u00edm, nach\u00e1z\u00ed si tento ke\u0159 rychle svoje m\u00edsto. Neobvykl\u00e1 cesm\u00edna je nejen kr\u00e1sn\u00e1, ale tak\u00e9 spojen\u00e1 s mnoha m\u00fdty a pov\u011bstmi.<\/p>\n

Cesm\u00edna pat\u0159\u00ed u n\u00e1s k m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fdm symbol\u016fm V\u00e1noc, i kdy\u017e jej\u00ed obliba rychle stoup\u00e1. Nen\u00ed to jen d\u00edky jej\u00ed neoby\u010dejn\u00e9 kr\u00e1se a vzhledu, ale tak\u00e9 proto, \u017ee dne\u0161n\u00ed spole\u010dnost za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00e1vrat ke star\u00fdm zvyk\u016fm a tradic\u00edm, mezi kter\u00e9 cesm\u00edna rozhodn\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed. Ji\u017e sta\u0159\u00ed \u0158\u00edman\u00e9 pos\u00edlali p\u0159i oslav\u00e1ch slunovratu v\u011btvi\u010dky cesm\u00edny sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm jako d\u016fkaz n\u00e1klonnosti, dodnes se tento zvyk dochoval. Druidov\u00e9 zase v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee st\u00e1lezelen\u00e9 listy cesm\u00edny poskytuj\u00ed \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b element\u00e1rn\u00edm duch\u016fm. N\u00e1sledn\u011b i k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed nemohli odvr\u00e1tit hluboce zako\u0159en\u011bnou tradici pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed cesm\u00edny v zim\u011b, p\u0159evzali tento symbol pozm\u011bn\u011bn\u00edm jeho v\u00fdznamu a p\u0159i\u0159adili jej jej\u00edmi trny ke Kristov\u011b korun\u011b a \u010derven\u00fdmi bobulemi k jeho krvi.<\/p>\n

K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 tradice p\u0159edstavuje cesm\u00ednu jako symbol v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho \u017eivota, jej\u00ed pichlav\u00e9 listy byly spojov\u00e1ny s Kristovou korunou a \u010derven\u00e9 plody s jeho krv\u00ed. Ve st\u0159edov\u011bku se jimi zapuzoval od obydl\u00ed \u010f\u00e1bel, \u010darod\u011bjnice a zl\u00ed duchov\u00e9. Kdy\u017e byly vys\u00e1zeny kolem domu, m\u011bly p\u016fsobit jako obrana proti zl\u00fdm \u010d\u00e1r\u00e1m. D\u00edky pe\u010dliv\u011b veden\u00fdm \u00fa\u010detn\u00edm knih\u00e1m se dozv\u00edd\u00e1me, \u017ee b\u0159e\u010d\u0165an a cesm\u00edna se hojn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaly k v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzdob\u011b kostel\u016f u\u017e v 15. a 16. stolet\u00ed v sousedn\u00edm Bavorsku. Pokud jste si n\u011bkdy prohl\u00ed\u017eeli star\u00e9 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed pohlednice, mo\u017en\u00e1 jste si v\u0161imli, \u017ee se na nich spolu s cesm\u00ednou \u010dasto vyskytuje \u010dervenka. Nen\u00ed to jen estetick\u00fd tah. Podle keltsk\u00e9 pov\u011bsti p\u0159inesla \u010dervenka lidem ohe\u0148 v podob\u011b zap\u00e1len\u00e9 cesm\u00ednov\u00e9 v\u011btvi\u010dky. P\u0159itom si ale ne\u0161\u0165astnou n\u00e1hodou pop\u00e1lila n\u00e1prsenku, kter\u00e1 je od t\u00e9 doby \u010derven\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Pokud chcete dodr\u017eet dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed zvyk, dejte na \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den do krm\u00edtka cesm\u00ednovou v\u011btvi\u010dku spolu s krmen\u00edm pro pt\u00e1\u010dky. Pokud pt\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e9 p\u0159ilet\u00ed, znamen\u00e1 to \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed v cel\u00e9m p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce. Cesm\u00ednov\u00e1 sn\u00edtka zav\u011b\u0161en\u00e1 v chl\u00e9v\u011b m\u011bla zji\u0161\u0165ovat prosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed krav cel\u00fd dal\u0161\u00ed rok.<\/p>\n

Cesm\u00edn\u011b se p\u0159isuzuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 vlastnosti, m\u00e1 br\u00e1nit proti zl\u00fdm duch\u016f, \u010darod\u011bjnic\u00edm, blesku, ohni i jedu. Proto se v zahrad\u00e1ch vysazovaly \u017eiv\u00e9 ploty z cesm\u00ednov\u00fdch ke\u0159\u016f a z jej\u00edho d\u0159eva se vyr\u00e1b\u011bly domovn\u00ed prahy. Na l\u00edstky cesm\u00edny si zase sle\u010dny psaly jm\u00e9na sv\u00fdch n\u00e1padn\u00edk\u016f. Na noc si vlo\u017eily t\u0159i popsan\u00e9 l\u00edstky pod pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159 a ten, kter\u00fd r\u00e1no vyt\u00e1hly jako prvn\u00ed nesl jm\u00e9no jejich budouc\u00edho man\u017eela.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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