{"id":239936,"date":"2021-11-10T19:21:08","date_gmt":"2021-11-10T18:21:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=239936"},"modified":"2021-12-04T09:43:01","modified_gmt":"2021-12-04T08:43:01","slug":"ceska-sprava-socialniho-zabezpeceni-komu-nalezi-vdovsky-ci-vdovecky-duchod-a-za-jakych-podminek-vyvracime-nejcastejsi-omyly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=239936","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 SPR\u00c1VA SOCI\u00c1LN\u00cdHO ZABEZPE\u010cEN\u00cd: Komu n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod a za jak\u00fdch podm\u00ednek? Vyvrac\u00edme nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed omyly"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Ztr\u00e1ta man\u017eela \u010di man\u017eelky je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 a\u00a0stresuj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed situace. Z\u00e1kon o\u00a0d\u016fchodov\u00e9m poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na tyto okolnosti mysl\u00ed a\u00a0stanovuje podm\u00ednky, za kter\u00fdch m\u00e1 \u010dlov\u011bk n\u00e1rok na vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod. Kolem t\u011bchto tzv. poz\u016fstalostn\u00edch d\u016fchod\u016f v\u0161ak panuje mnoho omyl\u016f. \u010cesk\u00e1 spr\u00e1va soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed (\u010cSSZ) vysv\u011btl\u00ed ty nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/h4>\n

1. Vdovsk\u00fd nebo vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod se p\u0159izn\u00e1v\u00e1 automaticky<\/h6>\n

Nikoliv. O\u00a0vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod je t\u0159eba \u017e\u00e1dat. \u017d\u00e1dost sep\u00ed\u0161e s\u00a0poz\u016fstal\u00fdm man\u017eelem \u010di man\u017eelkou okresn\u00ed spr\u00e1va soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed (OSSZ) podle m\u00edsta jeho \u010di jej\u00edho trval\u00e9ho bydli\u0161t\u011b.<\/p>\n

K \u017e\u00e1dosti je pot\u0159eba p\u0159edlo\u017eit p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm doklad toto\u017enosti \u017eadatele a\u00a0\u00famrtn\u00ed list zesnul\u00e9 osoby, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i\u00a0oddac\u00ed list, nem\u016f\u017ee-li si spln\u011bn\u00ed podm\u00ednky trv\u00e1n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed ke dni \u00famrt\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159it OSSZ sama. Pokud zem\u0159el\u00e1 osoba dosud nepob\u00edrala vlastn\u00ed d\u016fchod, p\u0159edkl\u00e1daj\u00ed se je\u0161t\u011b doklady t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zesnul\u00e9\/ho, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159ikl\u00e1daj\u00ed k\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dosti o\u00a0starobn\u00ed nebo invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod, nap\u0159. doklad o\u00a0studiu, vojensk\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b rodn\u00e9 listy d\u011bt\u00ed, eviden\u010dn\u00ed list od posledn\u00edho zam\u011bstnavatele aj.<\/p>\n

2. Z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 doby poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se u\u00a0poz\u016fstalostn\u00edch d\u016fchod\u016f nevy\u017eaduje<\/h6>\n

To plat\u00ed jen v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, kdy man\u017eel\/ka zem\u0159el\/a n\u00e1sledkem pracovn\u00edho \u00farazu. Z\u00e1kon o\u00a0d\u016fchodov\u00e9m poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stanov\u00ed, \u017ee vdova nebo vdovec maj\u00ed n\u00e1rok na vdovsk\u00fd nebo vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod po man\u017eelovi nebo man\u017eelce, kter\u00fd\/kter\u00e1 pob\u00edral\/a starobn\u00ed \u010di invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod pro invaliditu t\u0159et\u00edho stupn\u011b nebo (pokud nebyl\/a p\u0159\u00edjemcem d\u016fchodu) splnil\/a ke dni \u00famrt\u00ed podm\u00ednku pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 doby poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pro n\u00e1rok na invalidn\u00ed \u010di starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b n\u00e1roku na poz\u016fstalostn\u00ed d\u016fchod hraje d\u016fle\u017eitou roli pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 doba poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zem\u0159el\u00e9 osoby. V\u00a0praxi tedy m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee d\u016fchod nebude n\u00e1le\u017eet nap\u0159\u00edklad po \u010dlov\u011bku, kter\u00fd byl dlouhodob\u011b nezam\u011bstnan\u00fd a\u00a0stanovenou pot\u0159ebnou dobu poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nez\u00edskal.<\/p>\n

3. Man\u017eel\u00e9 museli m\u00edt spole\u010dn\u00e9 bydli\u0161t\u011b, jinak na poz\u016fstalostn\u00ed d\u016fchod nen\u00ed n\u00e1rok<\/h6>\n

Spole\u010dn\u00e9 bydli\u0161t\u011b man\u017eel\u016f nen\u00ed podm\u00ednkou pro p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed vdovsk\u00e9ho \u010di vdoveck\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu. Podstatn\u00e9 je trv\u00e1n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed k\u00a0datu \u00famrt\u00ed man\u017eela \u010di man\u017eelky.<\/p>\n

4. Vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed natrvalo<\/h6>\n

Vdovsk\u00fd nebo vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed standardn\u011b po dobu jednoho roku od smrti man\u017eela nebo man\u017eelky. Po uplynut\u00ed doby jednoho roku n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed tento d\u016fchod jen v\u00a0p\u0159esn\u011b vymezen\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech. Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, pokud poz\u016fstal\u00fd pe\u010duje o\u00a0nezaopat\u0159en\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b, o\u00a0sv\u00e9ho rodi\u010de nebo rodi\u010de zem\u0159el\u00e9ho man\u017eela (tch\u00e1na, tchyni), kte\u0159\u00ed jsou z\u00e1visl\u00ed na jeho pomoci, pokud je s\u00e1m invalidn\u00ed ve t\u0159et\u00edm stupni nebo pokud dos\u00e1hl z\u00e1konem stanoven\u00e9ho v\u011bku. D\u016fchod pak vdova \u010di vdovec dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed tak dlouho, dokud spl\u0148uj\u00ed podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n

5. I\u00a0dru\u017ece \u010di druhovi m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159izn\u00e1n vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod<\/h6>\n

Ne. Po druhovi nebo dru\u017ece vdovsk\u00fd nebo vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod nen\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, a\u00a0to ani v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jejich dlouhodob\u00e9ho sou\u017eit\u00ed a\u00a0spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy d\u011bt\u00ed. Nen\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed ani po rozveden\u00e9m man\u017eelovi nebo rozveden\u00e9 man\u017eelce \u010di p\u0159\u00edteli\/p\u0159\u00edtelkyni. Vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod nen\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed ani po registrovan\u00e9m partnerovi nebo partnerce.<\/p>\n

6. Kdy\u017e n\u00e1rok na poz\u016fstalostn\u00ed d\u016fchod zanikne, u\u017e nikdy nem\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0jeho obnov\u011b<\/h6>\n

K obnoven\u00ed vdovsk\u00e9ho \u010di vdoveck\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt, pokud spln\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 ze z\u00e1konn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek nastane do dvou let po p\u0159edchoz\u00edm z\u00e1niku n\u00e1roku na vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod.<\/p>\n

K p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 obnov\u011b v\u00fdplaty nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed automaticky, ale v\u017edy na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u017e\u00e1dosti podan\u00e9 na OSSZ.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u017dena ve v\u011bku 40 let ovdov\u00ed, pob\u00edr\u00e1 vdovsk\u00fd d\u016fchod jeden rok a\u00a0pro dal\u0161\u00ed trv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1roku nespl\u0148uje \u017e\u00e1dnou z\u00a0podm\u00ednek. Za rok a\u00a0p\u016fl pot\u00e9, co j\u00ed byla v\u00fdplata vdovsk\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu ukon\u010dena, za\u010dne pe\u010dovat o\u00a0sv\u00e9ho otce, kter\u00fd byl uzn\u00e1n z\u00e1visl\u00fdm na pomoci druh\u00e9 osoby ve III. stupni z\u00e1vislosti. Proto\u017ee t\u00edm splnila ve dvoulet\u00e9 lh\u016ft\u011b jednu ze stanoven\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, n\u00e1rok na vdovsk\u00fd d\u016fchod j\u00ed bude na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u017e\u00e1dosti obnoven a\u00a0bude n\u00e1le\u017eet po dobu, po kterou bude trvat p\u00e9\u010de o\u00a0otce.<\/em><\/p>\n

7. Po nov\u00e9m s\u0148atku je\u0161t\u011b vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed<\/h6>\n

Ne. Dnem uzav\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9ho man\u017eelstv\u00ed n\u00e1rok na vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod zanikne. Tuto skute\u010dnost jsou vdova \u010di vdovec povinni do 8 dn\u016f nahl\u00e1sit \u010cSSZ, a\u00a0to osobn\u011b nebo p\u00edsemn\u011b. Pokud osoba po uzav\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9ho s\u0148atku znovu ovdov\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee vzniknout n\u00e1rok na vdovsk\u00fd d\u016fchod po druh\u00e9m man\u017eelovi \u010di man\u017eelce.<\/p>\n

8. Ten, komu je vypl\u00e1cen vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod, sm\u00ed pracovat jen na \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fd \u00favazek<\/h6>\n

Pob\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed vdovsk\u00e9ho nebo vdoveck\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu nijak neomezuje druh v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti vdovy nebo vdovce ani v\u00fd\u0161i jejich p\u0159\u00edjmu.<\/p>\n

9. Vdovsk\u00fd \u010di vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, pokud man\u017eelstv\u00ed trvalo ur\u010ditou dobu<\/h6>\n

Tuto podm\u00ednku z\u00e1kon nestanov\u00ed. Rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee man\u017eelstv\u00ed existovalo k\u00a0datu \u00famrt\u00ed man\u017eela \u010di man\u017eelky, nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak na tom, jak dlouho man\u017eelsk\u00fd svazek trval.<\/p>\n

10. Osoba, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e pob\u00edr\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod a\u00a0ovdov\u00ed, bere pak d\u016fchody dva<\/h6>\n

Pokud \u010dlov\u011bk v\u00a0dob\u011b, kdy ovdov\u00ed, ji\u017e pob\u00edr\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed starobn\u00ed nebo invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod, dojde k\u00a0tzv. soub\u011bhu d\u016fchod\u016f. V\u00a0t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed d\u016fchod v\u00a0pln\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i a\u00a0z ni\u017e\u0161\u00edho d\u016fchodu polovina procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry. S\u00a0n\u00e1zorem, \u017ee poz\u016fstal\u00e9 man\u017eelce nebo man\u017eelovi bude vypl\u00e1cen d\u016fchod ve stejn\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i, jako pob\u00edrala zesnul\u00e1 osoba, se pracovn\u00edci OSSZ setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dasto. To je ale omyl. Postupuje se tak, \u017ee se porovn\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e starobn\u00edho nebo invalidn\u00edho d\u016fchodu, kter\u00fd vdova\/vdovec pob\u00edr\u00e1, a\u00a0ji\u017e vym\u011b\u0159en\u00fd vdovsk\u00fd nebo vdoveck\u00fd d\u016fchod (tedy 50 % procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry d\u016fchodu zem\u0159el\u00e9ho), a\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra z\u00a0obou d\u016fchod\u016f se zkr\u00e1t\u00ed na jednu polovinu, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 cel\u00e1. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed pouze jednou.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u017dena pob\u00edr\u00e1 starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod 13 550 K\u010d, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e 10 000 K\u010d je procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra a 3 550 K\u010d z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra. Man\u017eel, kter\u00fd pob\u00edral starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod ve v\u00fd\u0161i 15 600 K\u010d (12 050 K\u010d + 3 550 K\u010d), zem\u0159el. Po \u00famrt\u00ed man\u017eela, starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodce, m\u00e1 poz\u016fstal\u00e1 man\u017eelka n\u00e1rok na vdovsk\u00fd d\u016fchod. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed v\u017edy pouze jednou. Proto\u017ee dojde k\u00a0soub\u011bhu dvou d\u016fchod\u016f (\u017eena bude sou\u010dasn\u011b pob\u00edrat sv\u016fj starobn\u00ed d\u016fchod a\u00a0po man\u017eelovi d\u016fchod vdovsk\u00fd), nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 pob\u00edrat oba v\u00a0pln\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i a\u00a0je t\u0159eba je upravit. Procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra jej\u00edho starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu \u010din\u00ed 10 000 K\u010d, procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra vdovsk\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu pak 6 025 K\u010d (50 % z\u00a0procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu zem\u0159el\u00e9ho man\u017eela 12 050 K\u010d). Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra d\u016fchodu bude n\u00e1le\u017eet v\u00a0pln\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i a\u00a0z ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry polovina. Procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bra vdovsk\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu se tedy pro soub\u011bh s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011brou starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu kr\u00e1t\u00ed na polovinu, tj. po zaokrouhlen\u00ed na \u010d\u00e1stku 3 013 K\u010d. \u017dena tak bude pob\u00edrat celkem 16 563 K\u010d (10 000 K\u010d procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry sv\u00e9ho starobn\u00edho d\u016fchodu + 3 013 K\u010d procentn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry vdovsk\u00e9ho d\u016fchodu + 3 550 K\u010d z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bry).<\/em><\/p>\n

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\u010cESK\u00c1 SPR\u00c1VA SOCI\u00c1LN\u00cdHO ZABEZPE\u010cEN\u00cd<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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