{"id":236123,"date":"2024-09-20T19:15:06","date_gmt":"2024-09-20T18:15:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=236123"},"modified":"2024-09-20T19:15:06","modified_gmt":"2024-09-20T18:15:06","slug":"stara-sumava-podzimni-rovnodennost-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=236123","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Podzimn\u00ed rovnodennost"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Podzimn\u00ed jitro<\/h6>\n
Ves v \u0161eru sp\u00ed, s\u00e1m chod\u00edm po hr\u00e1zi;<\/em>
\nkol pole jen a pole bez hr\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/em>
\nJen \u017elut\u00e9 list\u00ed, o\u010d zavad\u00ed nohy,<\/em>
\nna obzoru jen \u010dernaj\u00ed se stohy.<\/em>
\nAch druhdy jak\u00e9 v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed \u00fatoky<\/em>
\nmi v srdce na t\u00e9m\u017e m\u00edst\u011b h\u0159m\u011bly!<\/em>
\nTe\u010f v\u0161ady m\u00edr, sen hluch\u00fd, hlubok\u00fd,<\/em>
\nh\u00e1j bezlist\u00fd je a luh osi\u0159el\u00fd.<\/em>
\nNa \u00fad\u011bl sv\u00e9ho \u017eit\u00ed klidn\u011b z\u0159\u00edm.<\/em>
\nTo v\u011bru dost, ba v\u00edc ne\u017e srdce \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1.<\/em>
\n\u017ee mohu klidn\u011b pat\u0159it na podzim,<\/em>
\njak houstne mlha a jak list\u00ed pad\u00e1.<\/em> (Jaroslav Vrchlick\u00fd, Jak t\u00e1hla mra\u010dna, 1885<\/strong>)<\/h6>\n

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Tedy tohle dovede jenom podzim: aby jeden den byl cel\u00fd zlat\u00fd sluncem a \u010dist\u00fd jako ze \u0161katulky a z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fd a\u017e do nachov\u00e9ho z\u00e1padu; a druh\u00fd den aby se urodil tmav\u00fd a ucouran\u00fd plouhav\u00fdm de\u0161t\u011bm, sam\u00e1 mlha, sam\u00e1 sychravost, sam\u00fd soumrak od bo\u017e\u00edho r\u00e1na. Takov\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 a \u010dern\u00e9 dny m\u00e1 jenom pozdn\u00ed podzim. Je\u0161t\u011b mali\u010dko, a bude tu u\u017e nov\u00e9 slunce; bude se den za dnem siln\u011bji zavrt\u00e1vat do hlubin noci, den za dnem se \u0161\u00ed\u0159 rozkro\u010d\u00ed nad \u0161irou a studenou zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ale te\u010f je\u0161t\u011b je to na\u0161e star\u00e9 slunce, zral\u00e9 zralost\u00ed v\u0161eho, co jsme poznali i sklidili; je\u0161t\u011b do\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me sv\u016fj star\u00fd rok. Ne, to d\u011bl\u00e1 jenom ta tma, \u017ee se n\u00e1m zd\u00e1 podzimek tak smutn\u00fd a t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd jako p\u0159\u00edklop; to d\u011bl\u00e1 ta tma, kter\u00e1 se na n\u00e1s denn\u011b val\u00ed jako rostouc\u00ed \u010dern\u00e1 voda. Stoj\u00edme na b\u0159ehu noci a d\u011bl\u00e1me si znam\u00ednko: je\u0161t\u011b stoupla; je\u0161t\u011b pohltila tenhle prou\u017eek b\u00edl\u00e9ho dne; je\u0161t\u011b o kousek p\u0159ekro\u010dila demarka\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ru v\u010derej\u0161ka. Tak u\u017e dost, u\u017e dost; u\u017e je tak mali\u010dko toho sv\u011btla, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1m zb\u00fdv\u00e1!<\/p>\n

U\u017e je dost t\u00e9 tmy, dost \u00fastupu, dost toho smutku; nen\u00ed-li na\u010dase za\u010d\u00edt z jin\u00e9ho soudku? Ne, je\u0161t\u011b ne; je\u0161t\u011b nejsme na dn\u011b noci, na dn\u011b temnot; je\u0161t\u011b se mus\u00edme spokojit s lampi\u010dkou no\u010dn\u00ed a obracet str\u00e1nky toho, co bylo. Nebu\u010fte netrp\u011bliv\u00fd; v\u017edy\u0165 u\u017e je p\u0159ipravena neviditeln\u00e1 hranice slunovratu. Nic velk\u00e9ho se nestane; \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 r\u00e1na z d\u011bla, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd oh\u0148ostroj, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 vlajkosl\u00e1va neohl\u00e1s\u00ed tu p\u0159esnou hodinu; bude se podobat kter\u00e9koliv jin\u00e9 hodin\u011b, kter\u00e1 te\u010f upl\u00fdv\u00e1, ale u\u017e to tu bude; jen o p\u00ed\u010f sv\u011btla v\u00edc, a u\u017e se to ned\u00e1 ni\u010d\u00edm zadr\u017eet. Chv\u00e1labohu, my lid\u00e9 nejsme dne\u0161n\u00ed a v\u00edme, jak to v na\u0161em vesm\u00edru chod\u00ed dokola…<\/p>\n

Karel \u010capek, Lidov\u00e9 noviny 11. prosince 1938, kr\u00e1ceno<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\nKdy\u017e jantarov\u00e9 paprsky zalij\u00ed pole, jablka zesl\u00e1dnou a rann\u00ed mlhy obkl\u00ed\u010d\u00ed staven\u00ed, p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 vl\u00e1du podzim. Je t\u0159eba sklidit \u00farodu, oslavit hojnost roku a p\u0159ipravit se na zimu. Ale to nen\u00ed jen tak. D\u00e1vn\u00e9 tradice vych\u00e1z\u00ed z \u00facty k p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b a jsou obklopeny \u010darokr\u00e1sn\u00fdmi ritu\u00e1ly. Ji\u017e od prad\u00e1vna je jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho \u017eivota pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed okoln\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Ur\u010dit\u00fdm vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm napozorovan\u00fdch poznatk\u016f jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad pranostiky, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159ily sou\u010d\u00e1st vzd\u011blanosti ka\u017ed\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda ji\u017e od starov\u011bku.<\/h6>\n

Podzimn\u00ed rovnodennost je vstupn\u00ed branou k nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edmu dal\u0161\u00edmu obdob\u00ed – Zim\u011b. L\u00e9to je za n\u00e1mi a nov\u00e1 f\u00e1ze za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1. Je to \u010das, kdybychom m\u011bli sd\u00edlet s ostatn\u00edmi v\u0161e, co jsme z\u00edskali a dokon\u010dili v obdob\u00ed od jara do l\u00e9ta a z\u00e1rove\u0148 kdybychom ji\u017e do sv\u00e9ho v\u011bdom\u00ed m\u011bli nechat vstoupit z\u00e1m\u011br sv\u00e9 du\u0161e pro bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se zimn\u00ed obdob\u00ed. S\u00edla Slunce rychle sl\u00e1bne. Ode dne\u0161ka budou v\u0161echny dal\u0161\u00ed dny n\u00e1padn\u011b krat\u0161\u00ed a chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159i\u0161el \u010das dozr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed plod\u016f a sklizn\u011b. Na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 v tomto \u010dase ukon\u010dovali pr\u00e1ce na pol\u00edch a v\u011bnovali se dom\u00e1c\u00edm prac\u00edm, na kter\u00e9 p\u0159es rok nezb\u00fdval \u010das. Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u017eeny tkaly nebo draly pe\u0159\u00ed. V tento \u010das se tak\u00e9 konalo nejv\u00edce svateb. Byl dostatek j\u00eddla, pr\u00e1ce na poli ji\u017e pom\u00e1lu a po\u010das\u00ed to je\u0161t\u011b dovolovalo. V\u011b\u0159ilo se, \u017ee man\u017eelstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se uzav\u0159e v tomto obdob\u00ed, bude svazkem pevn\u00fdm. V kolob\u011bhu \u017eivota nast\u00e1v\u00e1 doba dosp\u011blosti, kterou je t\u0159eba oslavit, proto\u017ee s n\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed nadhled, vnit\u0159n\u00ed moudrost a spravedlnost. Typick\u00fdm symbolem tohoto obdob\u00ed jsou jablka, oded\u00e1vna symbolizuj\u00ed moudrost a magii. Rozkroj\u00edte-li na podzimn\u00ed rovnodennost jablko, m\u016f\u017eete z n\u011bj v\u011b\u0161tit.<\/p>\n

S p\u0159\u00edchodem podzimu se na\u0161\u00ed du\u0161e ob\u010das zmoc\u0148uje smutek, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 se i rozechv\u00edv\u00e1 nad pestrou paletou barev, kterou n\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edroda pr\u00e1v\u011b v tomto obdob\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed. V\u0161echen \u017eivot postupn\u011b odum\u00edr\u00e1, p\u0159\u00edroda se vrac\u00ed k sob\u011b sam\u00e9, stahuje se do nitra. I my bychom tak m\u011bli v souladu s n\u00ed u\u010dinit. prastar\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly potom lidov\u00e1 tradice nav\u00e1zala slavnostmi, posv\u00edcen\u00edmi a hody, kter\u00e9 souvisely s ukon\u010den\u00edm letn\u00ed sez\u00f3ny a skl\u00edzen\u00edm \u00farody. Plodiny, jako je nov\u00e1 mouka, jablka, v\u00edno a dal\u0161\u00ed se pod\u00e1valy v r\u00e1mci hostin, s kter\u00fdmi byly ned\u00edln\u011b spjaty tak\u00e9 kvasy. B\u011bhem nich se \u00faroda nakl\u00e1dala, nech\u00e1vala kvasit, zava\u0159ovala a v\u0161emo\u017en\u011b jinak zpracov\u00e1vala tak, aby v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010dase mohla fungovat jako z\u00e1soba na dlouhou a tuhou zimu a pomohla toto nesnadn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed p\u0159e\u010dkat.<\/p>\n

Podzimn\u00ed \u010das b\u00fdval v hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed dobou s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed \u00farody. Dokon\u010doval se sb\u011br n\u011bkter\u00fdch plodin, jako jsou brambory, \u0159epa, ve vina\u0159sk\u00fdch oblastech hrozny a v chmela\u0159sk\u00fdch chmel. Hlavn\u011b se ale nakl\u00e1dalo zel\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebovalo sv\u016fj \u010das na zkysnut\u00ed k posv\u00edcensk\u00fdm pe\u010d\u00ednk\u00e1m. Kva\u0161en\u00e9 zel\u00ed je tajemstv\u00edm dlouhov\u011bkosti na\u0161ich kraj\u016f, d\u00edky sv\u00fdm neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdm v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdm vlastnostem umo\u017e\u0148ovalo na\u0161im p\u0159edk\u016fm p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvat zimy ve zdrav\u00ed. Dokon\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed sklizn\u00ed prov\u00e1zely ob\u0159ady podobn\u00e9 t\u011bm letn\u00edm a z\u00e1\u0159ijov\u00fdm. Posledn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st \u00farody se ritu\u00e1ln\u011b ozdoben\u00e1 uchov\u00e1vala a\u017e do jara, aby jej\u00ed s\u00edla p\u0159e\u0161la do setby na p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok.<\/p>\n

Lid\u00e9 se sch\u00e1zeli ke spole\u010dn\u00fdm oslav\u00e1m, na stoly poprv\u00e9 p\u0159ich\u00e1zely \u010derstv\u011b sklizen\u00e9 plodiny. Vzd\u00e1valy se d\u00edky matce zemi, boh\u016fm a v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010dasech pak bohu jedin\u00e9mu. V\u00fdznamem hodov\u00e1n\u00ed ale nebyla konzumace sama o sob\u011b jako sp\u00ed\u0161e vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed vd\u011b\u010dnosti a tak\u00e9 utu\u017een\u00ed rodinn\u00fdch i sousedsk\u00fdch vztah\u016f a vazeb, proto\u017ee samoz\u0159ejm\u011b oslavovala v\u017edy cel\u00e1 vesnice pohromad\u011b. Nechme po vzoru na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f vstoupit do sv\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f vd\u011b\u010dnost a uvid\u00edme, jak je proz\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Zevnit\u0159. Tak jako se s p\u0159\u00edchodem tepla stud\u00e1nky otev\u00edraj\u00ed, jakmile se do luk vkrade chlad, m\u011bly by se ulo\u017eit k zimn\u00edmu sp\u00e1nku. Cel\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edroda se lou\u010d\u00ed a pot\u0159ebuje odpo\u010dinek. Zav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed stud\u00e1nek v\u0161ak nem\u00e1 p\u0159esn\u00e9 datum, ale pat\u0159\u00ed k n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 pohansk\u00e9 tradici, kter\u00e1 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u0159\u00edjna a trv\u00e1, dokud nenapadne prvn\u00ed sn\u00edh a stud\u00e1nky nezamrznou. Vypravte se letos k pramen\u016fm, abyste je vy\u010distili a symbolicky uzamkli. V\u00edly, kter\u00e9 ochra\u0148uj\u00ed vody, budou d\u00edky v\u00e1m odpo\u010d\u00edvat a\u017e do jara.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Podzimn\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":322704,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/20\/ram-rovnodennost-na-sumave.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236123"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=236123"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":322703,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/236123\/revisions\/322703"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/322704"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=236123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=236123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=236123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}