{"id":232793,"date":"2023-10-22T21:50:20","date_gmt":"2023-10-22T20:50:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=232793"},"modified":"2023-10-22T21:50:20","modified_gmt":"2023-10-22T20:50:20","slug":"stara-sumava-zivot-ve-sklarske-huti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=232793","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: \u017divot ve skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 huti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-232794 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/16\/\u017dIVOT-VE-SKL\u00c1\u0158SK\u00c9-HUTI..........jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"853\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/16\/\u017dIVOT-VE-SKL\u00c1\u0158SK\u00c9-HUTI..........jpg 853w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/16\/\u017dIVOT-VE-SKL\u00c1\u0158SK\u00c9-HUTI.........-250x300.jpg 250w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/16\/\u017dIVOT-VE-SKL\u00c1\u0158SK\u00c9-HUTI.........-768x922.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/16\/\u017dIVOT-VE-SKL\u00c1\u0158SK\u00c9-HUTI.........-297x357.jpg 297w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/16\/\u017dIVOT-VE-SKL\u00c1\u0158SK\u00c9-HUTI.........-402x483.jpg 402w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>Skeln\u00e1 hu\u0165. M\u00edsto, kter\u00e9 tepe, tedy sp\u00ed\u0161 hu\u010d\u00ed&#8230;&#8230;Z roku 1865 se dochoval zaj\u00edmav\u00fd z\u00e1znam post\u0159eh\u016f jednoho v\u00fdletn\u00edka, kter\u00fd \u0161el toho l\u00e9ta v srpnu z Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor do Rej\u0161tejna a odtud d\u00e1l na Roklan. Cestou se zastavil kr\u00e1tce i v Kl\u00e1\u0161tersk\u00e9m Ml\u00fdn\u011b. Dejme mu na chv\u00edli slovo:<\/h6>\n<p>\u0160li jsme cestou k Doln\u00edmu Reichensteinu. Cesta sama neposkytuje nic zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho, a jest tak ka\u017ed\u00e9 jin\u00e9 cest\u011b podobn\u00e1, \u017ee se mi nutno b\u00fdti nezd\u00e1, cosi bli\u017e\u0161\u00edho o n\u00ed promluvit&#8230; Za malou hodinu jsme se octnuli v Doln\u00edm Reichenstein\u011b &#8230; M\u00e1lo v m\u011bst\u011b vid\u011bti dom\u016f o jednom poschod\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161ina jest p\u0159i zemi stavena a jako v \u0160umav\u011b skoro v\u0161ude, \u0161indely pokryta. Trochu l\u00e9pe vypad\u00e1 skeln\u00e1 tov\u00e1rna k m\u011bstu tomu pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed, od N\u011bmc\u016f Klosterm\u00fchle zv\u00e1na, pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed pan\u00ed Gerstnerov\u00e9. Poz\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z v\u00edce budov, dosti p\u011bkn\u011b a \u00fahledn\u011b staven\u00fdch. Odtud se rozes\u00edl\u00e1 sklo, jak z tov\u00e1ren pana Ta\u0161ka a Kr\u00e1l\u00edka ve Vimberce, v Eleonorenhainu &#8230; a jinde a\u017e do dalek\u00fdch krajin z\u00e1mo\u0159sk\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p>Skeln\u00e1 hu\u0165 to je n\u00edzk\u00e9 a dlouh\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed staven\u00ed, cel\u00e9 ze d\u0159eva, z rouben\u00fdch kl\u00e1d, s vysok\u00fdm, do \u0161pi\u010dky\/ vyb\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edm \u0161t\u00edtem, s &#8220;Intydachlem&#8221; nad h\u0159ebenem hlavn\u00ed st\u0159echy, s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi a \u0161irok\u00fdmi vraty, s mal\u00fdmi ok\u00e9nky do komory. S n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edstavbami: form\u00e1rnou mal\u00fdch oken, p\u0159e\u010f nimi urovn\u00e1ny a na sob\u011b slo\u017eeny bukov\u00e9 kmeny, s p\u00e1nv\u00e1rnou a brus\u00edrnou. Stranou opod\u00e1l n\u011bkolik d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch domk\u016f rouben\u00e9ho d\u00edla pro rodiny skl\u00e1\u0159\u016f, ma\u0161t\u00e1lka pro kon\u011b s vysokou p\u016fdou, sen\u00edkem, u potoka stupn\u00edk, nedaleko od n\u011bho pec na p\u00e1len\u00ed &#8220;k\u0159emene&#8221; se zd\u011bnou n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed p\u0159e\u010f n\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 staveni pod \u0161indelem. P\u0159ed hut\u00ed n\u011bkolik na sebe naskl\u00e1dan\u00fdch beden&#8217;, za hut\u00ed \u0159ady ne sebe narovnan\u00fdch polen palivov\u00e9ho d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed.-&#8220;\u0161ajplac&#8221;. A dost.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159es dv\u016fr, p\u0159ed hut\u00ed, ale trochu stranou &#8220;p\u00e1n\u016fv d\u016fm&#8221;. To bylo jedin\u00e9 ona\u010dej\u0161\u00ed staven\u00ed na skl\u00e1rn\u011b, oby\u010dejn\u011b samo jedin\u00e9 zd\u011bn\u00e9, stavbou v\u0161ak nikterak n\u00e1kladn\u00e9, pod ta\u0161kami, obehnan\u00e9 zahr\u00e1dkou a tedy i oplocen\u00e9. Bylo p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed jako v\u0161ecky stavby ostatn\u00ed. V n\u011bm b\u00fdvala i kancel\u00e1\u0159. Jednoduch\u00e1 m\u00edstnost vyb\u00edlen\u00e1, s jedn\u00edm dv\u011bma okny, s oby\u010dejn\u00fdm \u017elut\u011b nat\u0159en\u00fdm stolem a \u017eidl\u00ed, n\u011bkdy i s psac\u00edm pultem, jednou almarou a poli\u010dkou. Na poli\u010dce kuchy\u0148sk\u00e9 v\u00e1hy se sadou z\u00e1va\u017e\u00ed, krom\u011b nich na h\u0159eb\u00edku nad poli\u010dkou v\u00e1hy misti\u010dkov\u00e9, vedle nich &#8220;pulver-fla\u0161ka&#8221; prachovka, l\u00e1hev se \u0161irok\u00fdm hrdlem a zabrou\u0161en\u00fdm z\u00e1v\u011brem, polopln\u00e1 burele, n\u011bkde v kout\u011b truhla na z\u00e1sek. V n\u00ed bedna s utrejchem. Proti dve\u0159\u00edm na st\u011bn\u011b k\u0159\u00ed\u017e s Uk\u0159i\u017eovan\u00fdm, podlaha prkenn\u00e1, vy\u0161lapan\u00e1, s vyvstal\u00fdmi suky. V kout\u011b d\u016fkladn\u00e1, kachlov\u00e1 kamna. V\u011b\u0161\u00e1k nikde, jeho funkci nast\u00e1val po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd kovan\u00fd h\u0159eb\u00edk nara\u017een\u00fd pobl\u00ed\u017e dve\u0159\u00ed. Cel\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, se\u0161l\u00e9, sestaven\u00e9 z toho, co bylo pr\u00e1v\u011b po ruce a jinam se nehodilo<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Byt p\u00e1n\u016fv&#8221; t\u00edm toliko se li\u0161il od byt\u016f ostatn\u00edch, \u017ee m\u00edval kuchyni a pokoj- &#8220;par\u00e1dn\u00ed pokoj&#8221; rozum\u00ed se. Skl\u00e1\u0159i m\u00edvali jen jednu cimru, jen ten skl\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd m\u011bl i kant\u00fdnu, kter\u00fd prod\u00e1val pivo, &#8220;\u0161enkoval&#8221;, nebo i v lahv\u00edch, m\u011bl krom\u011b jedn\u00e9 cimry velk\u00e9 taky &#8220;s\u00e1l&#8221;. V par\u00e1dn\u00edm p\u00e1nov\u011b pokoji se i spalo. B\u00fdval tam krom\u011b jedin\u00e9, z\u0159\u00eddka dvou postel\u00ed i &#8220;ve\u0161kostn&#8221;, nevelik\u00e1 podlouhl\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 s n\u011bkolika z\u00e1suvkami nad sebou pro pr\u00e1dlo, s mosazn\u00fdm dr\u017eadly a kov\u00e1n\u00edm, s rovnou deskou na vr\u0161ku. Na n\u00ed b\u00fdvaly narovn\u00e1ny r\u016fzn\u00e9 trety porcel\u00e1nov\u00e9 i sklen\u011bn\u00e9, tal\u00ed\u0159ky, holby, dv\u011b v\u00e1zy z barevn\u00e9ho skla po stran\u00e1ch,, so\u0161ky sv.Jana Nepomuck\u00e9ho nebo Panenky Marie Svatohorsk\u00e9, vyvalen\u00fdch o\u010d\u00ed, s ohromn\u00fdmi zlacen\u00fdmi korunkami sv\u011btice i Jezul\u00e1tka. Kolem so\u0161ek oto\u010den\u00fd r\u016f\u017eenec, odn\u011bkud z pout\u011b dovezen\u00fd a &#8220;dot\u00fdkan\u00fd&#8221;, so\u0161ky p\u0159ikryty sklen\u011bn\u00fdm poklopem &#8220;\u0161turcem&#8221;. &#8220;Ve\u0161kostn&#8221; st\u00e1val, mezi okny bez z\u00e1clon, do zahr\u00e1dky hled\u00edc\u00edmi zapln\u011bn\u00fdmi pest\u0159e barevn\u00fdmi sklen\u011bn\u00fdmi hrnky na &#8220;kytky&#8221;, s mo\u0159skou cibul\u00ed, fuchsi\u00ed, mu\u0161k\u00e1tem, ke\u0159\u00ed\u010dkem myrty, Nikde snad nechyb\u011bla &#8220;koruna Krista P\u00e1na&#8221;, rostlina pln\u00e1 dlouh\u00fdch pichlav\u00fdch bodlin a drobn\u00fdch l\u00edstk\u016f, podchycen\u00e1 d\u0159\u00edvkem s p\u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00fdm vyztu\u017een\u00edm, jak\u00fdmsi k\u0159\u00ed\u017eem bez krat\u0161\u00edho konce. Do zem\u011b v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch b\u00fdvala zatknuta dlouh\u00e1 d\u0159\u00edvka, na konc\u00edch ozdoben\u00e1 sklen\u011bn\u00fdm dut\u00fdmi a st\u0159\u00edb\u0159en\u00fdmi kuli\u010dkami r\u016fzn\u00fdch barev, zrcadlov\u011b leskl\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n<p>Stranou od ve\u0161kostnu st\u00e1la d\u016fkladn\u00e1 almara na sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed \u0161aty, spole\u010dn\u00e1 pro p\u00e1na i vz\u00e1cnou pan\u00ed, z\u0159\u00eddka almary dv\u011b, uprost\u0159ed par\u00e1dn\u00edho pokoje st\u016fl, ov\u00e1ln\u00ed desku nesly t\u0159i nohy do oblouku vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00e9, sepjat\u00e9 dole k prost\u0159edku ozdoben\u00fdm profilovan\u00fdm trno\u017eem. Postel vysoce nastlan\u00e1, st\u016fl p\u0159ikryt\u00fd barevn\u00fdm ubrusem s t\u0159epen\u00edm, p\u00e1r \u017eidl\u00ed vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00fdch, vysok\u00fdch lenoch\u016f r\u00e1kosem propleten\u00fdch. Nad postel\u00ed barvotisky Krista P\u00e1na a Panny Marie. To byl asi v\u0161echen n\u00e1bytek, tov\u00e1rn\u00edkova &#8220;p\u00e1nova&#8221; par\u00e1dn\u00edho pokoje, ka\u017ed\u00fd kus jin\u00e9 barvy, jin\u00e9ho slohu, venkovsk\u00e9ho d\u016fkladn\u00e9ho d\u00edla, &#8220;ka\u017ed\u00fd pes jin\u00e1 ves&#8221;, tak jak b\u00fdval postupn\u011b opat\u0159ov\u00e1n. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tak jako ostatn\u00edch skl\u00e1\u0159\u016f. A jak tak\u00e9 jinak. &#8220;P\u00e1n&#8221; byl oby\u010dejn\u011b b\u00fdval\u00fd skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd mistr, kter\u00fd si \u010dasem n\u011bjakou stovku u\u0161et\u0159il, n\u011bco od p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch vyp\u016fj\u010dil a hu\u0165 pak od vrchnosti sv\u011btsk\u00e9 nebo c\u00edrkevn\u00ed propachtoval.<\/p>\n<p>Propachtov\u00e1n\u00ed hut\u011b obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed nep\u016fsobilo, naopak vrchnosti vid\u011bly r\u00e1dy, usadila-li se na jejich pozemc\u00edch a v jej\u00edch les\u00edch hu\u0165. Ve skl\u00e1rn\u00e1ch se topilo v\u00fdhradn\u011b d\u0159evem a v\u0161echny rodiny skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 m\u011bly palivov\u00e9 d\u0159evo deput\u00e1tem, kolik ho sp\u00e1lily. A tak ka\u017ed\u00e1 skl\u00e1rna, a\u0165 st\u00e1la kdekoli, za n\u011bkolik let v\u0161echen les kolem sebe daleko \u0161iroko doslova shltla. Ale d\u0159evo, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 daleko od dopravn\u00edch cest bylo tehdy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bezcenn\u00e9 a takhle se p\u0159ece zu\u017eitkovalo. Pa\u0159ezy se vyrvaly a sp\u00e1lily, z pozemk\u016f takto z\u00edskan\u00fdch se upravily louky a pole, je\u017e se rodin\u00e1m skl\u00e1\u0159\u016f za n\u011bkolik zlatek ro\u010dn\u00edho platu pronaj\u00edmaly.<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 rodina si po\u0159\u00eddila men\u0161\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed, kravku nebo kozy, opat\u0159ila si slepice, kr\u00e1l\u00edky, holubu, pras\u00e1tko i dv\u011b. A pojednou tu byla ze samoty osada, kde se do roka spot\u0159ebovalo hodn\u011b piva z vrchnostensk\u00e9ho pivovaru. Skl\u00e1\u0159 p\u0159i d\u00edle mus\u00ed p\u00edt, a tak pivo. Voda opravdu tla\u010d\u00ed v \u017ealudku a tak les, jen\u017e d\u0159\u00edve nenesl nic a byl leda pro zlost dal pak dvoj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjem, za pacht hut\u011b a za pivo. V\u0161ichni skl\u00e1\u0159i b\u00fdvali sp\u0159\u00edzn\u011bni mezi sebou k\u0159\u00ed\u017eem kr\u00e1\u017eem, mnohdy jako skl\u00e1\u0159i pracovali vlastn\u00ed brat\u0159i, \u0161vag\u0159i i bratranci &#8220;p\u00e1novi&#8221; na jeho huti..<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fdvali to Ple\u0161ingrov\u00e9, \u0160troblov\u00e9, R\u00fccklov\u00e9, Jungwirthov\u00e9, Paulov\u00e9, Landov\u00e9, Haslingerov\u00e9, Pufferov\u00e9, Nachtm\u00fc llerov\u00e9, Koppov\u00e9 a v\u0161ichni sam\u00e1 &#8220;p\u0159\u00edze\u0148&#8221;&#8221;, sam\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1telstvo. A v\u0161ichni \u010d\u00edha\u0159i, pt\u00e1\u010dn\u00edci. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich m\u011bl doma aspo\u0148 jednu klec s pt\u00e1\u010dkem zp\u011bv\u00e1\u010dkem, n\u011bkter\u00fd z nich kleci pln\u00e1 okna i zdi. Nevid\u011bls kan\u00e1rka, kdepak! Ale k\u0159ivky, \u010derm\u00e1\u010dky, \u010dervenky, stehl\u00edky, \u010d\u00ed\u017eky, kosa, drozda, p\u011bnkavu. Ba i slav\u00edka, a nejen na\u0161eho, ale i uhersk\u00e9ho \u0161prossa. A v\u0161ude po oknech, na almar\u00e1ch v pap\u00edrk\u00e1ch semenec, m\u00e1k nebo strouhan\u00e1 mrkev, rozsekan\u00e1 va\u0159en\u00e1 j\u00e1tra a pod postel\u00ed pl\u00e1tnem zav\u00e1zan\u00fd hrnec, kde pt\u00e1\u010dn\u00edk choval mou\u010dn\u00e9 \u010dervy. A v\u0161ichni skl\u00e1\u0159i, vyrostl\u00ed daleko od lid\u00ed, v hlubok\u00fdch nesm\u00edrn\u00fdch les\u00edch byli mazan\u00fdmi pytl\u00e1ky. Na srn\u010d\u00ed si st\u0159elit, to ne, b\u016fh uchovej, ale zaj\u00ed\u010dka nebo koroptvi\u010dku do oka chytit! No, bo\u017ee, b\u011bh\u00e1 to tady kolem&#8230; Vsak se ne\u0159\u00edkalo nadarmo, \u017ee tam, kam. p\u0159ijdou skl\u00e1\u0159i, nez\u016fstane rybi\u010dka v potoce, zaj\u00ed\u010dek v poli a pt\u00e1\u010dek v pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed!<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b kant\u00fdnsk\u00e9ho m\u00edvali skl\u00e1\u0159i &#8220;cimru&#8221; jen jednu. Byla za\u0159\u00edzena asi tak jako p\u00e1n\u016fv par\u00e1dn\u00ed pokoj. Jen m\u00edsto ov\u00e1ln\u00e9ho, ozdobn\u00e9ho stolu uprost\u0159ed byl d\u016fkladn\u00fd oby\u010dejn\u00fd st\u016fl a snad i dv\u011b postele, a o n\u011bjakou almaru v\u00edc. A zd\u011bn\u00e1 kamna. V t\u00e9 cim\u0159e bydlela, jedla a z \u010d\u00e1sti i spala cel\u00e1 rodina. \u017dena, mnohdy i pant\u00e1ta s pa\u0148m\u00e1mou a cel\u00e1 kupa d\u011bt\u00ed. A t\u011bch b\u00fdvalo, pane, p\u011bt, \u0161est, deset i dvan\u00e1ct! Ulo\u017eit je v\u0161echny, to byl probl\u00e9m! Men\u0161\u00ed spali s rodi\u010di v cim\u0159e, vet\u0161\u00ed po p\u016fd\u011b a ve chl\u00e9v\u011b. I do z\u00e1suvek, \u0161uplat &#8220;ve\u0161kostnu&#8221; jim stl\u00e1vali, t\u011bm mal\u00fdm, a i na zem, kam jinam, kdy\u017e jich bylo moc! Musil-li tat\u00edk s odrostl\u00fdmi t\u0159eba o p\u016flnoci do huti, do d\u00edla, byl strach, aby p\u0159i sv\u011btle lou\u010de na n\u011bkter\u00e9 ne\u0161l\u00e1pli a neza\u0161l\u00e1pli je jako kot\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Za byt sklen\u00e1\u0159i n\u00e1jem neplatili, m\u011bli jej deput\u00e1tem, tak jako v\u0161echno d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed &#8220;fraj&#8221;. Tenkr\u00e1te, kdy hut\u011b st\u00e1ly na hodiny cesty od osad, vesnic a m\u011bste\u010dek, musil si ov\u0161em &#8220;p\u00e1n&#8221; postarat o to, aby skl\u00e1\u0159i m\u011bli kde bydlet. To v\u0161ak byla starost nejmen\u0161\u00ed. D\u0159evo bylo skoro zadarmo, postavila se rouben\u00e1 k\u016flna, rozd\u011blila, p\u0159epa\u017eila se uvnit\u0159 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dkami tak\u00e9 z kl\u00e1d a prken, svedl se krov, st\u0159echa pobila \u0161indelem a bylo!<br \/>\nNe\u017eilo se d\u0159\u00edve skl\u00e1\u0159\u016fm to je mistr\u016fm na star\u00fdch hut\u00edch \u0161patn\u011b. Hladu a b\u00eddy nezakusili, kdo \u0161et\u0159il a v\u0161echno hrdlem neprolil nebo v kart\u00e1ch neprohr\u00e1l, i z t\u011bch tehdej\u0161\u00edch skromn\u00fdch v\u00fdd\u011blk\u016f si mohl u\u0161et\u0159it a u\u0161et\u0159il na star\u00e1 kolena.<\/p>\n<p>Ne\u017e se v\u0161ak mistrem stal, ne\u017e byl kdo &#8220;fraj\u0161prechtovanej&#8221;, co se nad\u0159el, nalopotil, ach, bo\u017ee mil\u00fd, kdo o tom dnes je\u0161t\u011b v\u00ed! Sklo se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed z k\u0159emenn\u00e9 drt\u011b nebo p\u00edsku, se sody nebo drasla a v\u00e1pna. To je materi\u00e1l z\u00e1kladn\u00ed. Chci tu vypr\u00e1v\u011bt, z \u010deho se vyr\u00e1b\u011blo ve star\u00fdch \u0161umavsk\u00fdch skl\u00e1rn\u00e1ch je\u0161t\u011b v druh\u00e9 polovici 19. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V t\u011bch dob\u00e1ch se sody neu\u017e\u00edvalo, sklo se tavilo jen pomoc\u00ed drasla. To si vyr\u00e1b\u011bla ka\u017ed\u00e1 skl\u00e1rna sama vyluhov\u00e1n\u00edm popele d\u0159eva, kter\u00fdm se v\u00fdhradn\u011b topilo a kter\u00e9ho spot\u0159ebovala pec hodn\u011b, des\u00edtky metr\u016f za \u0161melc a d\u00edlo. Bylo to draslo ov\u0161em surov\u00e9, nikoliv \u010dist\u00e9, \u017ee v\u0161ak v n\u011bm byly mimo draslo i soli jin\u00e9 nemohlo vadit. M\u011blo sice vliv na jakost, \u010distotu i barvu skla, ale musilo sta\u010dit, proto\u017ee nebylo jin\u00e9. Materi\u00e1l, nebo jak skl\u00e1\u0159i \u0159\u00edkali materie, tedy k\u0159emenn\u00e1 dr\u0165, to draslo a p\u00e1len\u00e9, za sucha vyn\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 v\u00e1pno se sm\u00edsilo v ur\u010dit\u00e9m pom\u011bru a nasyp\u00e1valo se p\u0159i za\u010d\u00e1tku taven\u00ed lopatou do p\u00e1nv\u00ed. Jsou to hlin\u011bn\u00e9 k\u00e1d\u011b z ohnivzdorn\u00e9 hl\u00edny, postaven\u00e9 v peci, kter\u00e1 b\u00fdvala ov\u00e1ln\u00e1, jedna vedle druh\u00e9, pod\u00e9l okraje pece.<\/p>\n<p>Pec byla a je dosud p\u0159eklenuta b\u00e1n\u00ed z ohnivzdorn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00e1 se tehdy nezdila, jak je tomu dnes, ale dusala, p\u011bchovala p\u0159i stavb\u011b, po \u010d\u00e1stech, asi tak jak se dnes betonuje. Na vr\u0161ku b\u00e1n\u011b &#8220;kopny&#8221; st\u00e1val hlin\u011bn\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e, asi 30 cm vysok\u00fd. V t\u00e9 b\u00e1ni jsou p\u0159e\u010f ka\u017edou p\u00e1nv\u00ed otvory &#8220;d\u00edry&#8221;, jimi\u017e se sklovina s p\u00e1nv\u00ed za d\u00edla po \u010d\u00e1stech vyb\u00edrala. Nab\u00edrala se p\u00ed\u0161\u0165alami tak, \u017ee se na konec p\u00ed\u0161\u0165aly sklo nav\u00edjelo, navinovalo, namot\u00e1valo asi tak, jako se na l\u017e\u00edci nav\u00edj\u00ed hust\u00fd med.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ed\u0161\u0165aly skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 jsou \u017eelezn\u00e9 trubky, na jednom konci opat\u0159en\u00e9 d\u0159ev\u011bnou dutou rukojet\u00ed, &#8220;\u0161t\u00fdlem&#8221;, do n\u00ed\u017e je trubka, p\u00ed\u0161\u0165ala, zachycena; &#8220;\u0161t\u00fdl&#8221; m\u011bl na konci &#8220;p\u00edprle&#8221;, mosazn\u00fd to n\u00e1hubekbek, j\u00edm\u017e se do p\u00ed\u0161\u0165aly a tedy i do vyfukov\u00e1n\u00e9ho p\u0159edm\u011btu dm\u00fdch\u00e1 vzduch \u0161t\u00fdl a p\u00edprlata m\u011bly p\u00ed\u0161taly jen na \u010desk\u00fdch hut\u00edch. N\u011bmci u\u017e\u00edvali jen prost\u00fdch \u017eelezn\u00fdch trubek, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly na konci, kudy se foukalo, zakulacen\u00e9 hrany.<br \/>\nKdy\u017e se materie do pece nalo\u017eila, nasypala, za\u010dalo taven\u00ed &#8220;\u0161melc&#8221;. Ten trv\u00e1val 24 i v\u00edce hodin, a za n\u011bho stoupala teplota v peci a\u017e na 1500\u00b0C. Pak bylo &#8220;sej\u00edt&#8221;. Tavilo-li se tak, \u017ee konec &#8220;\u0161melcu&#8221; padl do noci, poslal &#8220;\u0161melc\u00ed\u0159&#8221; tavi\u010d topi\u010de, \u0159\u00edkalo se mu a \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 a\u017e dodnes &#8220;\u0161al\u00ed\u0159&#8221;, budit.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160al\u00ed\u0159 obch\u00e1zel domky, v. nich\u017e skl\u00e1\u0159i bydlili, zabouchal na okenn\u00ed r\u00e1m a houkl.: &#8220;sej\u00edt&#8221;. Bylo-li na \u010desk\u00e9 huti a &#8220;Ofongo \u00eds&#8221; \/Anfang ist&#8217;s\/ bylo-li na n\u011bmeck\u00e9. To &#8220;sej\u00edt&#8221; neznamen\u00e1 snad, \u017ee se maj\u00ed skl\u00e1\u0159i sej\u00edt, shrom\u00e1\u017edit k d\u00edlu, ale to, \u017ee \u0161melc\u00ed\u0159 d\u00e1v\u00e1 u\u017e teplot\u011b v peci sej\u00edt, \u017ee pec schl\u00e1d\u00e1 asi na 900\u00b0C, kdy se sklo d\u00e1 nab\u00edrat jinak te\u010de p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0159\u00eddce a ub\u00edh\u00e1 z p\u00ed\u0161taly, \u017ee se tedy m\u016f\u017ee za\u010d\u00edt s prac\u00ed. Skl\u00e1\u0159i a dorostl\u00ed, synov\u00e9 vysk\u00e1kali z tepl\u00fdch postel\u00ed, vzbudili odrostlej\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti k &#8220;form\u011b&#8221; a \u0161lo se do huti&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fdvala od byt\u016f nedaleko, v zim\u011b v\u0161ak, za velik\u00fdch mraz\u016f nebo na podzim za lij\u00e1k\u016f b\u00fdvala to ch\u016fze sakulentsk\u00e1, nikdo \u0161at\u016f na sob\u011b mnoho nem\u011bl. Dosp\u011bl\u00ed nohy na boso jen v pantofl\u00edch, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9m kroku o patu mlaskaly, v kalhot\u00e1ch \u0159emenem p\u0159ep\u00e1san\u00fdch, v ko\u0161ili, jej\u00ed\u017e ruk\u00e1vy byly chr\u00e1n\u011bny, aby se p\u0159i d\u00edle neumazaly &#8220;ruk\u00e1vky&#8221;, tkani\u010dkami uv\u00e1zan\u00fdmi, p\u0159es ramena p\u0159ehozen\u00fd kab\u00e1t, jeho\u017e ruk\u00e1vy plandaly za ch\u016fze pod\u00e9l t\u011bla. Na hlav\u011b nic. Mist\u0159i skl\u00e1\u0159i m\u00edvali na lev\u00e9m stehnu \u0159emeny p\u0159ipevn\u011bno &#8220;sedlo&#8221;, byl to do oblouku zformovan\u00fd asi 31-40cm dlouh\u00fd d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd krun\u00fd\u0159 z la\u0165ek, pl\u00ed\u0161kem na konci u sebe udr\u017eovan\u00fdch, a nos\u00edvali jej do d\u00edla ti, kte\u0159\u00ed pracovali &#8220;auftrajbovan\u00e9&#8221; rozt\u00e1\u010den\u00e9 v\u011bci. Kluci &#8220;odn\u00e1\u0161e\u010di&#8221; ve \u0161truksk\u00e1ch, dr\u017een\u00edch m\u00edsto \u0161l\u00ed prov\u00e1zky, bos\u00ed nebo v zim\u011b v d\u0159ev\u00e1c\u00edch, na hlav\u011b oby\u010dejn\u011b jen ty je\u017eat\u00e9 vlasy, holky p\u0159i form\u00e1ch v suk\u00fdnk\u00e1ch, v \u0161\u00e1tc\u00edch na babku, bosy nebo v u\u0161matlan\u00fdch kr\u00e1mech, star\u00fdch perk\u00e1ch po t\u00e1tovi nebo m\u00e1min\u00fdch &#8220;blynerk\u00e1ch&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Kolem pece b\u011b\u017eela a je tomu podnes asi ve v\u00fd\u0161i 60 cm od zem\u011b d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1 podlaha, 2-3m \u0161irok\u00e1, p\u0159ed &#8220;d\u00edrou&#8221; na kraji podlahy st\u00e1lo d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 kor\u00fdtko, vysekan\u00e9 a vydlaban\u00e9 z kmene, pod kor\u00fdtkem &#8220;intytrok&#8221;, jak\u00e9si necky z prken na odpadky skla, pod intytrokem kbel\u00edk na vodu, kde se m\u00e1\u010dely formy z bukov\u00e9ho d\u0159eva. Za taven\u00ed byly d\u00edry p\u0159ikryty hlin\u011bn\u00fdmi &#8220;plackami&#8221;, ty se p\u0159i sejit\u00ed odstavily a cel\u00e1 hu\u0165 se proz\u00e1\u0159ila, osv\u011btlila jasn\u011b oran\u017eov\u00fdm sv\u011btlem a proh\u0159\u00e1la v okam\u017eiku s\u00e1lav\u00fdm teplem z pece vyza\u0159uj\u00edc\u00edm. Bylo u n\u00ed \u00fatulno. Kdo cestou z domova promrzl nebo promokl, honem z\u00e1dy p\u0159ed d\u00edru, za chv\u00edli rozmrzl a byl-li kab\u00e1t i skrz na skrz mokr\u00fd, oschl hned jen z n\u011bj kou\u0159ilo, jak se su\u0161il.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i sejit\u00ed natahali doslova kluci i holky vodu do kor\u00fdtek a kbel\u00edk\u016f a odrostl\u00ed synov\u00e9 &#8220;pomaha\u010di&#8221; schystali n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed: p\u00ed\u0161taly, cvokajzny, \u0161or\u0161\u00e1ny, auftrajb\u0161\u00e1ry, bulgulce, sek\u00e1\u010dky a jak se v\u0161echno to n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed v hu\u0165sk\u00e9 hant\u00fdrce jmenuje, podle toho, co se m\u011blo zhotovovat. Mistr tat\u00edk se pod\u00edval do kn\u00ed\u017eky na &#8220;ordinaci&#8221;, na p\u0159edpis pr\u00e1ce, toti\u017e um\u011bl-li v\u016fbec \u010d\u00edst a to bylo z\u0159\u00eddka kdy sehnal &#8220;mustry&#8221;, z pap\u00edru vyst\u0159i\u017een\u00e9 \u0161ablonky toho, co m\u011bl d\u011blat, nebo si uchystal v\u0161e pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k pr\u00e1ci \u010di, ji\u017e mu p\u0159i p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm d\u00edle, p\u0159i &#8220;fajrumt\u011b&#8221; hutmistir ur\u010dil.<\/p>\n<p>Po sejit\u00ed, to je tehdy, kdy\u017e pec dostate\u010dn\u011b zchladla, k\u00fdvnul \u0161melc\u00ed\u0159 na \u0161al\u00ed\u0159e, a ten u\u017e v\u011bd\u011bl, co je. Do\u0161el k nejstar\u0161\u00edmu mistru u ver\u0161tatu a pov\u00edd\u00e1: &#8220;Tak tedy za\u010dn\u011bte ve jm\u00e9nu bo\u017e\u00edm&#8221; to na \u010desk\u00fdch hut\u00edch. Na n\u011bmeck\u00fdch nebo byl-li \u0161al\u00ed\u0159 N\u011bmec, b\u00fdvalo zah\u00e1jen\u00ed pr\u00e1ce ob\u0159adn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. \u0160al\u00ed\u0159 se postavil p\u0159ed podlahu do \u010dela pece a spustil: &#8220;Kunstreiche Herrn, Herrn Klosmacha, weamo \u00f3macha&#8221; co\u017e do srozumiteln\u00e9 n\u011bm\u010diny p\u0159evedeno zni: Kunstreiche Herren, Herren Glasmacher, wir werden ausmachen&#8221; \u010dili \u010desky: um\u011ble\u010dt\u00ed p\u00e1nov\u00e9, p\u00e1ni skl\u00e1\u0159i, za\u010dneme. Tenkr\u00e1t byli skl\u00e1\u0159i opravdu &#8220;Kunstreiche Herren&#8221; um\u011blci.<\/p>\n<p>Po takov\u00e9m vyzv\u00e1n\u00ed nejstar\u0161\u00ed v huti mistr, dnes by se \u0159eklo p\u0159edn\u00ed d\u011bln\u00edk, ale tehdy byl v\u00edc, byl star\u0161\u00edm cechu! Popot\u00e1hl si kalhoty do v\u00fd\u0161e nad \u0159emen, \u0161\u0148upl si; je\u0161t\u011b honem z placat\u00e9 lahvi\u010dky, ot\u0159el nos barevn\u00fdm \u0161\u00e1tkem, takovou ukrutnou modrou nebo \u010dervenou plachtou, kterou m\u011bl sbalenou a za d\u00edla polo\u017eenou na kor\u00fdtku, obr\u00e1til se do hut\u011b po lidech a \u0159ekl: &#8220;Tak si to zrychtujte, budeme se modlit!&#8221; A hned v\u0161ichni klekli, kde zrovna st\u00e1li, v\u0161ude, \u0161melc\u00ed\u0159, \u0161al\u00ed\u0159, i pan puchhalter nebo spr\u00e1vce, byl-li u\u017e v huti, smekli a hu\u0165 se zti\u0161ila, \u017ee bys byl \u0161pendl\u00edk sly\u0161el spadnout. Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd u\u017e nejstar\u0161\u00ed mistr p\u0159ed\u0159\u00edk\u00e1val byla to funkce \u010destn\u00e1, jak\u00e9si vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed, zd\u016frazn\u011bn\u00ed jeho d\u016fle\u017eitosti a ostatn\u00ed osazenstvo sborem odpov\u00eddalo, jako v kostele. Modl\u00edvali se dost dlouho, i k sv. Flori\u00e1nu, aby n\u00e1s ochr\u00e1nil vod p\u00e1du vohn\u011b, pak se vstalo, p\u0159ed\u0159\u00edk\u00e1va\u010d p\u0159\u00e1l: &#8220;Tak tedy s p\u00e1nem bohem za\u010dneme&#8221; a pr\u00e1ce se rozb\u011bhla.<\/p>\n<p>Pracovalo se tak dlouho, dokud nebyly v\u0161echny p\u00e1nve kolem pece &#8220;vyd\u011bl\u00e1ny&#8221;, dokud bylo v p\u00e1nvi sklo. Dvan\u00e1ct hodin i v\u00edce na jednu z\u00e1p\u0159e\u017e. M\u011bl-li kdo vyordinovan\u00fd sam\u00fd mal\u00fd &#8220;kot\u016fm&#8221; \/Gattung\/, to je p\u0159edeps\u00e1ny sam\u00e9 mal\u00e9 druhy, kter\u00e9 pot\u0159ebovaly jen mal\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed skla, pracoval o hodinu, dv\u011b d\u00e9le ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed, t\u0159eba s\u00e1m jedin\u00fd kolem cel\u00e9 pece. P\u00e1nve musely b\u00fdt docela pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9 p\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm za\u010d\u00e1tkem \u0161melce, postaveny v\u0161echny kolem pece. T\u00edm p\u0159i\u0161el do p\u00e1nve v\u017edy stejn\u00fd materi\u00e1l, v\u017edy stejn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed sm\u011bsi, a sklo bylo dennodenn\u011b stejn\u00e9, kvalitn\u00ed. Dnes u\u017e v\u00edme, pro\u010d to tak b\u00fdt m\u00e1, tenkr\u00e1t to snad jen tu\u0161ili, bylo to v\u0161ak spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 a technologicky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Za stara m\u00edvali skl\u00e1\u0159i cech. Cechmistr byl oby\u010dejn\u011b &#8220;P\u00e1n&#8221;, star\u0161\u00edm cechu mistr nad mistry, \u010dlov\u011bk se zlat\u00fdma rukama um\u011blec. A disciplina panovala p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1, chra\u0148 b\u016fh, aby se byl n\u011bkdo opov\u00e1\u017eil mistru odmlouvat! Poslouchat musil ka\u017ed\u00fd jako hodiny, chra\u0148 b\u016fh, aby si sm\u011bl n\u011bkdo z mlad\u0161\u00edch i mimo hu\u0165 zap\u00e1lit d\u00fdmku, zabafat peklo m\u011bl na zemi a r\u00e1d toho nechal. Kou\u0159it sm\u011bl skl\u00e1\u0159 a\u017e po vyu\u010den\u00ed a to m\u011bl n\u011bkdy u\u017e i 2-3 d\u011bti.<\/p>\n<p>To u\u010den\u00ed ve star\u00fdch hut\u00edch! Svoji kari\u00e9ru za\u010dal skl\u00e1\u0159 asi v 6-7 letech, jako odna\u0161e\u010d. Odn\u00e1\u0161el na dr\u00e1t\u011bn\u00e9 nebo \u017eelezn\u00e9 vidlici polotovary na verk\u0161tat\u011b zhotoven\u00e9 do hrnc\u016f ve &#8220;vo\u0161ovn\u011b&#8221;. To byla klenut\u00e1 pec, p\u0159istav\u011bn\u00e1 k hlavn\u00ed peci p\u00e1nvov\u00e9 a oh\u0159\u00edvan\u00e1 jej\u00edm odtahem, toti\u017e p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00fdm teplem a n\u00ed do kom\u00edna sv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdm. Do vo\u0161ovny vkl\u00e1daly se velik\u00e9 nebo plechov\u00e9 hrnce, v nich\u017e se ulo\u017een\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky znen\u00e1hla ochlazovaly &#8220;temperovaly&#8221;. Velk\u00e9 kusy se kladly na popel, na dla\u017eb\u011b vo\u0161ovny byla vrstva popele a odtud tak\u00e9 jej\u00ed n\u00e1zev &#8220;Aschofen&#8221;, z n\u011bho\u017e vzniklo vo\u0161ovna.<\/p>\n<p>Kluk, pokud byl men\u0161\u00ed, dr\u017e\u00edval formu, otv\u00edral a p\u0159i vyfukov\u00e1n\u00ed skla zav\u00edral formu zhotovenou ze \u0161pal\u00edku bukov\u00e9ho d\u0159eva a po ka\u017ed\u00e9m kusu ji nam\u00e1\u010del ve vod\u011b kbel\u00edku. Po fajrumt\u011b p\u00e1sal kravky, kozu, husy a vypom\u00e1hal m\u00e1m\u011b doma, jak sta\u010dil. Kdy\u017e povyrostl, staral se v huti o vodu do kor\u00fdtek a kbel\u00edk\u016f, chodil pro pivo a mimo hu\u0165 opat\u0159oval smrkovou sm\u016flu, j\u00ed\u017e se \u017eelezn\u00e9 n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci pot\u00edralo. Dnes by z t\u00e9hle funkce m\u011bli zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b fo\u0159ti radost tenkr\u00e1t na kousku d\u0159eva nebo i cel\u00e9ho stromu tolik nez\u00e1le\u017eelo. Za potulek za sm\u016flou lesem prolezl kluk odn\u00e1\u0161e\u010d cel\u00fd les, o ka\u017ed\u00e9m hn\u00edzd\u011b v\u011bd\u011bl, pta\u010d\u00edm, vever\u010d\u00edm, nic mu neu\u0161lo, co v lese l\u00e9talo, chodilo, lezlo.<\/p>\n<p>Po \u010dase p\u0159i\u0161el kluk odn\u00e1\u0161e\u010d na verk\u0161tat. Prov\u00e1d\u011bl podru\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, pr\u00e1zdnil zbo\u017e\u00ed z hrnc\u016f do &#8220;trok\u016f&#8221;, pozd\u011bji si troufal na slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkony \u0159emesla, ve 14-16 letech z n\u011bho byl pomaha\u010d. Toho si u\u017e bral tat\u00edk mistr do par\u00e1dy a u\u010dil ho v\u0161emu, co um\u011bl s\u00e1m. Ka\u017ed\u00fd mistr skl\u00e1\u0159 neovl\u00e1dal ov\u0161em v\u0161echny \u00fakony sv\u00e9ho \u0159emesla se stejnou bravurou. Ten um\u011bl v\u00fdborn\u011b &#8220;rozt\u00e1\u010det*,, onen znamenit\u011b vyst\u0159ihoval, jin\u00fd op\u011bt s\u00e1zel skv\u011ble ucha. Kdy\u017e tedy tat\u00edk vid\u011bl, \u017de hocha s\u00e1m u\u017e ni\u010demu v\u00edc nau\u010dit nem\u016f\u017ee, postaral se o to, aby p\u0159e\u0161el do d\u00edla k jin\u00e9mu mistrovi, kter\u00fd um\u011bl n\u011bkter\u00fd \u00fakon l\u00edp ne\u017e on, pak zase k jin\u00e9mu a hoch tak za 3-4 roky pro\u0161el v\u0161emi verk\u0161taty kolem pece. T\u00edm se jeho znalosti \u0161\u00ed\u0159ily, dovednost rostla, dost\u00e1vala rutinu, se v\u0161\u00edm si v\u011bd\u011bl rady. A to je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina, pro\u010d skl\u00e1\u0159i m\u011bli onu \u00fa\u017easnou zru\u010dnost a suver\u00e9nn\u011b ovl\u00e1dali \u017ehavou sklovinu tak, \u017ee je k nev\u00ed\u0159e, co v\u0161echno dovedli. A tak nastal \u010das, aby takov\u00fd pomaha\u010d uk\u00e1zal s\u00e1m , co dovede, pod kontrolou &#8220;p\u00e1na&#8221;, ne u\u017e jen tat\u00edka- \u0161el do u\u010den\u00ed, a\u017e um\u011bl u\u017e hodn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>To si zavolal, po porad\u011b se star\u0161\u00edm cechu, p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho u\u010dn\u011b p\u00e1n a prohl\u00e1sil mu: &#8220;Ty Francku, tadyhle Ko\u0161ler mysl\u00ed, \u017ee bys se u\u017e mohl za\u010d\u00edt u\u010dit. Tak za tejden za\u010dne\u0161. Zrychtuj si, co bude\u0161 pot\u0159ebovat za vercajk. Bude\u0161 d\u011blat za polovic ne\u017e ti, co maj\u00ed sv\u016fj verk\u0161tat, ne ale aby sis myslel, \u017ee m\u00e1\u0161 pr\u00e1ci odbejvat nebo ji kopat! Budu t\u011b m\u00edt na merku! Po fajrumt\u011b mus\u00ed\u0161 p\u00e1lit k\u0159emen, \u0161trengovat ho a odvozit do stupn\u00edku. Ze stupn\u00edku do komory \/tam se m\u00edsila materie\/ ho vodveze u\u017e stupa\u0159, do toho ti u\u017e nic nen\u00ed. Nebude\u0161-li m\u00edt co p\u00e1lit, bude\u0161-li ho m\u00edt forotu, bude\u0161 d\u011blat p\u00e1nve a &#8220;cajk&#8221;. Pep\u00edk Nachtm\u00edlller\u016f, co se taky u\u010d\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b te\u010f, ti \u0159ekne, jak se to d\u011bl\u00e1, co d\u011blat mus\u00ed\u0161. Jemu p\u00e1nve dr\u017e\u00ed, a\u0165 ti dr\u017e\u00ed taky, to ti pov\u00edd\u00e1m, ne abys to vodbejval. Tak koukej, a\u0165 se brzo vyu\u010d\u00ed\u0161, a\u0165 dostane\u0161 brzo za &#8220;vyu\u010denou&#8221; i verk\u0161tat. Klacek jsi na to u\u017e dost velikej!!&#8221; Kandid\u00e1t u\u010den\u00ed pol\u00edbil p\u00e1novi ruku, \u0161el a za tejden mu za\u010dal o\u010distec na zemi.<\/p>\n<p>P\u011bkn\u011b se \u0159eklo: p\u00e1lit k\u0159emen. Balvany k\u0159emene, nal\u00e1man\u00e9 ve sk\u00e1le, mnohdy s hranami jako no\u017ee ostr\u00fdmi, se musely na traka\u0159i navozit do zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, k tomu postaven\u00e9 pece, hezky velik\u00e9, n\u011bkde bl\u00edzko vody, studny, ka\u0161ny, u potoka. Pec se musela jimi zcela vyplnit a pak se k\u0159emen pra\u017eil, a\u017e sv\u00edtil, jak byl do b\u011bl\u00e1 roz\u017ehaven. Za pln\u00e9ho \u017e\u00e1ru, \u017ehouc\u00ed se vyhrabal pohrab\u00e1\u010dem do zd\u011bn\u00e9 k\u00e1d\u011b se studenou vodou, stoj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159ed tou pec\u00ed, kde rozpraskal na drobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kusy a roztrhal se. Bouchalo to kdy\u017e \u017ehav\u00fd, oslniv\u011b b\u00edl\u00fd kus kamene dopadl do vody, kter\u00e1 se ve chvilce za\u010dala va\u0159it v cel\u00e9 k\u00e1di klokotem, bublala, sy\u010dela a st\u0159\u00edkala kolem. P\u00e1ra, prosv\u00edcen\u00e1 \u017ehavou pec\u00ed, valila se v r\u016f\u017eov\u00fdch hust\u00fdch oblac\u00edch, \u017ee nebylo na krok vid\u011bt, a u\u010de\u0148 sotva posta\u010dil nosit novou vodu nahrazovat vy\u0161pl\u00edchanou a k\u00e1\u010f dol\u00e9vat.. Tomu prudk\u00e9mu ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed kamene se \u0159\u00edkalo &#8220;\u0161trengov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8221;. Kdy\u017e ta k\u00e1\u010f, ta zd\u011bn\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e byla pln\u00e1 a obsah pece se do k\u00e1d\u011b ve\u0161el, nechala se voda trochu ochladit, vypustila se je\u0161t\u011b hork\u00e1 a k\u0159emen se z n\u00ed vyh\u00e1zel. Byla to po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 hromada. Pak se na traka\u0159i odvozil do stupn\u00edku, zat\u00edm co pec chladla pro novou n\u00e1pl\u0148, \u0161el u\u010dedn\u00edk, aby se mu \u017e\u00edly nezkr\u00e1tily, d\u011blat p\u00e1nve.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00e1len\u00ed k\u0159emene byla d\u0159ina p\u0159\u00ed\u0161ern\u00e1. V\u0161ichni vyu\u010den\u00ed skl\u00e1\u0159i do smrti s hr\u016fzou na ni vzpom\u00ednali. Co traka\u0159\u016f se do pece ve\u0161lo, co se nash\u00fdbali p\u0159i jeho rovn\u00e1n\u00ed do pece, co polen se k topen\u00ed natahali a popele nevyhazovali, co se vody spot\u0159ebovalo a kolikr\u00e1t je voda v k\u00e1di zu\u0159iv\u011b bublaj\u00edc\u00ed, prskaj\u00edc\u00ed a vyhazuj\u00edc\u00ed se do v\u00fd\u0161e jako vztekem zm\u00edtan\u00e1, jen jen sko\u010dit rovnou na n\u011b, kolikr\u00e1t je opa\u0159ila na rukou, nohou, obli\u010deji! Opa\u0159eniny se namazaly s\u00e1dlem a znova do roboty, znova do d\u0159en\u00ed, vyhrab\u00e1vat, vyhazovat, vozit. U\u017e v l\u00e9t\u011b to bylo tr\u00e1peni: v potu se chud\u00e1k u\u010dedn\u00edk koupal, motal se kolem pot\u016f\u010dk\u016f kou\u0159\u00edc\u00ed vody, jak b\u011b\u017eel od k\u00e1d\u011b do potoka, sotva dechu popadal v t\u00e9 pekeln\u00e9 parn\u00ed l\u00e1zni a v zim\u011b! Panebo\u017ee, t\u011bch uboh\u00fdch, mrazem rozpraskan\u00fdch, krv\u00e1cej\u00edc\u00edch rukou, kdy se z jedn\u00e9 strany u\u010de\u0148 pa\u0159il, a\u017e z n\u011bho kou\u0159ilo a z druh\u00e9 strany mrzl! Zasko\u010dil si k huti oh\u0159\u00e1t se u pece, rozmrznout, osu\u0161it a znova do mrazu, do d\u0159iny. K\u016f\u0148 by to nevydr\u017eel, ale \u010dlov\u011bk vydr\u017eet musel, &#8220;u\u010dil se&#8221;. A v\u0161echno to zadarmo, to pat\u0159ilo k u\u010den\u00ed, to byla povinnost, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e si se krv\u00ed potil.<\/p>\n<p>A p\u00e1nve d\u011blati. Zam\u00edchat ohnivzdornou hl\u00ednu ze \u010dty\u0159, p\u011bti druh\u016f, zad\u011blat ji vodou na husto, prohn\u00edst, nah\u00e1zet do jam, p\u0159ehazovat, u\u0161lapat a p\u0159e\u0161lapovat nohama, aby byla jednotn\u011b propracovan\u00e1, nechat ji zr\u00e1t. P\u0159ehazov\u00e1ni a p\u0159e\u0161lapov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt t\u0159ikr\u00e1t, \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t za t\u00fdden po \u010dty\u0159i a\u017e \u0161est ned\u011bl, znova a znova, a\u017e byla jako m\u00e1slo jednotn\u00e1 a tv\u00e1rn\u00e1. Pak s n\u00ed do d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 k\u00e1d\u011b, dno pro\u0161lapat a u\u0161lapat bos\u00fdma nohama a pak protloukat ode dna nahoru pechem z tvrd\u00e9 p\u00e1len\u00e9 hl\u00edny jako pul lidsk\u00e9 hlavy velik\u00fdm do n\u011bho\u017e byly vytvo\u0159eny d\u00edry pro prsty- &#8220;buclem&#8221;, Jako boxersk\u00e1 rukavice na zav\u0159en\u00e9 ruce takov\u00fd bucl vypad\u00e1. Pak p\u00e1nev srovnat, uvnit\u0159 uhladit se\u0159\u00edzl\u00fdm prk\u00fdnkem, nechat ji ve form\u011b, a\u017e trochu ztuhne, sejmout formu, p\u00e1nev zven\u010d\u00ed uhladit, a pomalu nechat schnout- prasknout nesm\u011bla p\u00e1nev nikde- su\u0161it intensivn\u011bji, a\u017e nakonec syrov\u00e1, nep\u00e1len\u00e1 jemn\u011b zvonila, kdy\u017e se na ni kloubem za\u0165ukalo. \u0158ekne se: p\u0159e\u0161lapovat hl\u00ednu! Ta byla v l\u00e9t\u011b studen\u00e1 a v zim\u011b jako led, dostals revma do nohou, ani ses nenadal! A v\u0161echno zase zadarmo, celou tu pr\u00e1ci, celou tu d\u0159inu, ta pat\u0159ila k u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Takov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed trvalo t\u0159i roky, t\u0159i l\u00e9ta d\u0159en\u00ed v huti na p\u016fl zadarmo, t\u0159i l\u00e9ta rasovsk\u00e9 roboty m\u00edsto odpo\u010dinku, po fajrumt\u011b! Dnes maj\u00ed mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 sport, kdy si z nad\u0161en\u00ed, z lib\u016fstky, z pot\u0159eby t\u00fdraj\u00ed t\u011blo. Mohou v\u0161ak kdykoliv p\u0159estat. Tenkr\u00e1t si mlad\u00ed, dor\u016fstaj\u00edc\u00ed skl\u00e1\u0159i t\u00fdrali t\u011blo prac\u00ed z povinnosti, kterou nesm\u011bli p\u0159eru\u0161it. Tou d\u0159inou nelidskou a ub\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed platili &#8220;p\u00e1novi&#8221; za to, \u017ee se sm\u011bli u n\u011bho u\u010dit \u0159emeslu, aby pozd\u011bji mohli u n\u011bho pracovat zase do oslepnut\u00ed, zmrza\u010den\u00ed, do smrti cel\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n<p>Oby\u010dejn\u011b po t\u0159ech letech tohoto u\u010den\u00ed nastala procedura dal\u0161\u00ed zkou\u0161ka! P\u00e1n si zavolal vyu\u010dence, dal mu zape\u010det\u011bn\u00fd dopis a pov\u00edd\u00e1: &#8220;Tak, Francku, tadyhle m\u00e1\u0161 psan\u00ed a dojde\u0161 na tu a tu hu\u0165. Vohl\u00e1s\u00ed\u0161 se v kancel\u00e1\u0159i a vy\u0159\u00edd\u00ed\u0161, \u017ee nech\u00e1m p\u00e1na pozdravovat a \u017ee ho pros\u00edm, aby ti dovolil u n\u011bj pr\u00fdfunk. Koukej, a\u0165 obstoj\u00ed\u0161, a\u0165 mi neud\u011bl\u00e1\u0161 ostudu, to ti pov\u00edd\u00e1m! Jak pr\u00fdfunk neud\u011bl\u00e1\u0161, mus\u00ed\u0161 se u\u010dit e\u0161t\u011b rok a d\u011blat to znova! A vyu\u010denec \u0161el ke zkou\u0161ce. Tam v ciz\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, u ciz\u00edch lid\u00ed, v nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch pom\u011brech, kde mu kdekdo koukal na prsty a bedliv\u011b sledoval, na oko si ho v\u016fbec nev\u0161\u00edmaje, jak si vede, pracoval podle ordinace, kterou p\u00e1n pro n\u011bho extra sestavil. Byla, pane!. Kal\u00ed\u0161ky od p\u00ed\u0161\u0165aly, kal\u00ed\u0161ky rozt\u00e1\u010den\u00e9, vyst\u0159ihovan\u00e9 karafinky a d\u017eb\u00e1ny, holby &#8211; co m\u011blo tenkr\u00e1t &#8220;o\u0159ech&#8221;, v\u0161echno mu p\u0159edepsali. Hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e st\u00e1tnice to bylo! Ka\u017ed\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce se posuzovala zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, &#8220;bodovalo se &#8220;, \u0159ekli bychom dnes.<\/p>\n<p>Jak p\u0159i zkou\u0161ce dopadl, kandid\u00e1t mistrovstv\u00ed nev\u011bd\u011bl. Dostal posudek zase v zape\u010det\u011bn\u00e9m psan\u00ed a \u0161el dom\u016f, kde mu teprve p\u00e1n ozn\u00e1mil v\u00fdsledek p\u0159ede v\u0161emi, p\u0159ed cel\u00fdm cechem. T\u0159eba asi takhle: &#8220;Tak vid\u00ed\u0161, sakramente, p\u00ed\u0161e mi tuhle, \u017ee jsi je\u0161t\u011b slabej ve \u0161t\u00fdlk\u00e1ch to se bude\u0161 teda muset u\u010dit e\u0161t\u011b rok!&#8221; Vyu\u010denec zesinal, Kristepane, je\u0161t\u011b rok, zase novou pr\u016fbu, a on se t\u011b\u0161il, \u017ee bude &#8220;fraj\u0161prechovan\u00fd&#8221;, \u017ee dostane verk\u0161tat a bude si moc\u00ed N\u00e1nu vz\u00edt, u\u017e by byl \u010das, a te\u010f a zase nic, zase nov\u00e1 d\u0159ina! Tu ale oby\u010dejn\u011b zas\u00e1hl star\u0161\u00ed cechu: &#8220;No, j\u00e1 mysl\u00edm, \u017ee to nen\u00ed tak zl\u00fd, to v\u011bd\u00ed, jsou to p\u0159ece jen ciz\u00ed lidi. On sice Francek tuhle ty \u0161t\u00fdlky u kal\u00ed\u0161k\u016f je\u0161t\u011b recht neum\u00ed, no, ale kouknou, kolik pak se jich tady u n\u00e1s na huti d\u011bl\u00e1 do roka, a jina\u010d on je pevnej, to zas jo, to mus\u00edm \u0159\u00edct, v\u0161ecko ostatn\u00ed um\u00ed postavit. J\u00e1 bych to ne\u0159ek ale m\u00e1m ho p\u0159ece u\u017e l\u00e9ta na vo\u010d\u00edch, tak v\u00edm, co v n\u011bm je, tak bych jich prosil, kdyby ho p\u0159ece l\u00edbili fraj\u0161prechovat u\u017e kv\u016fli N\u00e1n\u011b, v\u011bd\u00ed, dy\u0165 vo\u0148 se to e\u0161t\u011b dou\u010d\u00ed, schopy na to m\u00e1, j\u00e1 s\u00e1m na n\u011bj dohl\u00eddnu!&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>A pak se ur\u010dil den kdy se &#8220;fraj\u0161pruch&#8221; odb\u00fdval. To bylo jako promoce, jen fanf\u00e1ry chyb\u011bly. Star\u0161\u00ed cechu v \u010dele ostatn\u00edch \u010dlen\u016f p\u0159edvedl cechmistrovi, p\u00e1novi toho, kter\u00fd m\u011bl p\u0159ij\u00edt z o\u010distce do r\u00e1je. V\u0161ichni vymydlen\u00ed, ve sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159i\u0161li do kancel\u00e1\u0159e. &#8220;My bysme jich prosili, jenmostpane, aby tuhle Francka fraj\u0161prechtovali. Starej je dost, pr\u00fdfunk udal, ty \u0161t\u00fdlky sl\u00edbil rukoud\u00e1n\u00edm se dou\u010dit, je po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd, hled\u00ed na sebe a tak my bysme prosili. A sme svoln\u00fd za mistra ho mezi sebe p\u0159ijmout. Jeden verk\u0161tat by se tu dal e\u0161t\u011b zrychtovat pro n\u011bj a tak by to \u0161lo!&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;No a co ty, Francku? Slibuje\u0161, \u017ee si bude\u0161 \u0159emesla v\u00e1\u017eit, recht d\u011blat a starat se vo sebe a \u017eenu a d\u011bti, jak se na po\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho skl\u00e1\u0159e slu\u0161\u00ed a pat\u0159\u00ed?&#8221; &#8220;To v\u011bd\u00ed, jemnostpane, jak pak ne! Dy\u0165 j\u00e1, a co se t\u011bch \u0161t\u00fdlk\u016f tejk\u00e1, r\u00e1\u010dej bejt bez starosti, to j\u00e1 dohon\u00edm!&#8221; &#8220;Tak je recht! Tak vode dne\u0161ka se\u0161 mistr a dostane\u0161 verk\u0161tat. Abys ale v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee sklena\u0159ina je \u0159emeslo t\u011b\u017ek\u00fd, \u017ee bude\u0161 m\u00edt v \u017eivot\u011b moc a moc mrzutost\u00ed, kter\u00fdch ale mus\u00ed\u0161 trp\u011bliv\u011b sn\u00e1\u0161ena!&#8221; A dal mu s ka\u017ed\u00e9 strany po hub\u011b, a\u017e se mu hlava zakom\u00edhala. Nov\u00fd mistr jen zamrkal. &#8220;Ale abys taky v\u011bd\u011bl,&#8221;pokra\u010doval p\u00e1n, &#8220;\u017ee vode dne\u0161ka u\u017e taky n\u011bco se\u0161, \u017ee m\u00e1\u0161 taky \u0148\u00e1k\u00fd pr\u00e1vo, tum\u00e1\u0161!&#8221; a s\u00e1hl do kouta za sebe a podal zbrusu novou fajfku porcul\u00e1nku s malovanou hlavi\u010dkou. &#8220;A zapal si!&#8221; P\u00e1n mu podal ruku, ostatn\u00ed taky se slovy: &#8220;Dej ti P\u00e1nb\u016fh \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed!&#8221; a bylo po ceremonii.<\/p>\n<p>Ne\u017e se v\u0161ak v\u0161ichni vy\u0161trachali ze dve\u0159\u00ed, p\u0159istoupil oby\u010dejn\u011b nov\u00fd mistr k p\u00e1novi a \u017ee jako uctiv\u011b pros\u00ed, \u017ee bude m\u00edt s N\u00e1nou veselku, aby ho l\u00edbil poct\u00edt. &#8220;Kdy to m\u00e1\u0161? No, to nebudu moct, mu\u0161\u00edm zrovna za k\u0161eftem, ale zaplat\u00edm ti pivo, co se vypije!&#8221; Nov\u00e9mu mistru za\u010dala nov\u00e1 d\u0159ina u p\u00e1na proto, aby se mohl naj\u00edst, m\u011bl kde sp\u00e1t a sm\u011bl m\u00edt d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 p\u016fjdou po letech cestou pr\u00e1v\u011b tak trnitou, jakou pro\u0161el t\u00e1ta. U\u010den\u00ed se n\u011bkdy v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b zkr\u00e1tilo. &#8220;Hr\u00e1la tu ov\u0161em samo sebou i protekce jako v\u0161ude, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b byl-li u\u010dedn\u00edk bl\u00edzk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd p\u00e1n\u016fv. Pak sta\u010dily roky dva, a m\u011bl-li obzvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed schopnosti i rok.<\/p>\n<p>A jak bylo s vojnou? Slou\u017eili skl\u00e1\u0159i? Z\u0159\u00eddka kdy! Na kom p\u00e1novi z\u00e1le\u017eelo, toho vyplatil z vojny n\u011bjakou tou zlatkou panu kontribu\u010dn\u00edmu a koho by byl pustil a nechal odv\u00e9st, ten prost\u011b utekl. Do les\u016f a ho\u0148te ho tam! Jehla v kup\u011b sena by se tu sp\u00ed\u0161e na\u0161la ne\u017e skl\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd znal v lese ka\u017ed\u00fd strom a kter\u00fd se jen trochu staral, aby ho nechytili.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zdroj:<\/strong> Vzpom\u00ednky Josefy Pinkavov\u00e9 rozen\u00e9 Ple\u0161ingrov\u00e9, V\u0161echno n\u00e1zvoslov\u00ed skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9, b\u00fdval\u00e9 a je\u0161t\u011b dne\u0161n\u00ed, vzniklo ze skomolen\u00fdch n\u00e1zv\u016f n\u011bmeck\u00fdch. Jen n\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy jsou \u010desk\u00e9, nebo aspo\u0148 \u010desky zn\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed. Nebo\u0165 k n\u00e1m skl\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo z N\u011bmec, i skl\u00e1\u0159i byli p\u016fvodn\u011b N\u011bmci a s nimi v\u017eily se i n\u00e1zvy n\u00e1\u0159ad\u00ed, n\u00e1stroj\u016f a pom\u016fcek, je\u017e se ve skomolenin\u00e1ch udr\u017eely dodnes. Tak nap\u0159.: &#8220;intytachl&#8221; je &#8220;H\u00fcttendachel&#8221;, t.j. st\u0159\u00ed\u0161kou kryt\u00fd v\u011btr\u00e1k, upraven\u00fd z prodlou\u017een\u00fdch krokv\u00ed st\u0159echy hlavn\u00ed, &#8220;intytrok&#8221; -&#8220;H\u00fcttentrog&#8221; &#8220;cvakajzn&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;Zwieckeisen*, &#8220;folajzn&#8221; -&#8220;Pfaleisen&#8221;- &#8220;kubr\u0161t\u00fdl&#8221; -&#8220;Gabelstiehl&#8221;, &#8220;vo\u0161ovna&#8221;- &#8220;Aschoffen&#8221; &#8220;krudloch&#8221; &#8220;Gluthloch&#8221;, &#8220;kopn\u00e1&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;Kappe&#8221;, &#8220;pun\u010dar&#8221;-&#8220;Bodenschere&#8217; &#8220;\u0160or\u0161\u00e1r&#8221;- &#8220;Scharfschere&#8221;, &#8220;nopl&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;Nabel&#8221;, &#8220;burgulec&#8221;-&#8220;Wurzelholz&#8221;, &#8220;\u0161ajplac&#8221;- &#8220;Scheitplatz&#8221; atd.<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Skeln\u00e1 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":289543,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/22\/ram-zivot-v-huti.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232793"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=232793"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232793\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":289542,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/232793\/revisions\/289542"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/289543"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=232793"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=232793"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=232793"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}