{"id":229637,"date":"2024-10-03T20:43:05","date_gmt":"2024-10-03T19:43:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=229637"},"modified":"2024-10-03T20:43:05","modified_gmt":"2024-10-03T19:43:05","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-bitva-ve-ckyni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=229637","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Bitva ve \u010ckyni"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Nedaleko na sever od Vimperka v l\u00edbezn\u00e9 pahorkatin\u011b nad \u0159ekou Voly\u0148kou se rozlo\u017eilo m\u011bste\u010dko \u010ckyn\u011b. Na z\u00e1padn\u00edm okraji na\u0148 z dominantn\u00ed polohy shl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed kostel svat\u00e9 M\u00e1\u0159\u00ed Magdal\u00e9ny a p\u0159\u00edmo naproti strm\u00ed vysok\u00fd vrch se starobyl\u00fdm keltsk\u00fdm hradi\u0161t\u011bm V\u011bnec. Nedaleko n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed\u010dka se nen\u00e1padn\u011b ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 jednoduch\u00fd jednopatrov\u00fd z\u00e1mek, dnes s\u00eddlo obecn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu.<\/h6>\n

Mezi z\u00e1mkem a kostelem do\u0161lo v 18. stolet\u00ed k bitce mezi habsbursk\u00fdm a francouzsk\u00fdm vojskem, jedn\u00e9 z m\u00e1la ve zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm ta\u017een\u00ed rokokov\u00fdch kaval\u00edr\u016f z Francie do \u010cech na po\u010d\u00e1tku vl\u00e1dy Marie Terezie. Jm\u00e9no \u010ckyn\u011b se poprv\u00e9 objevuje v roce 1243. Mezi slu\u017eebn\u00edky strakonick\u00fdch johanit\u016f se tehdy uv\u00e1d\u00ed jak\u00fdsi Bed\u0159ich ze \u010ckyn\u011b se sv\u00fdmi syny a jeho potomci se ve \u010ckyni udr\u017eeli a\u017e do roku 1422. \u010c\u00e1st \u010dky\u0148sk\u00e9ho statku v\u0161ak ji\u017e od poloviny 14. stolet\u00ed dr\u017eeli majitel\u00e9 vimpersk\u00e9ho panstv\u00ed a ti jej nakonec z\u00edskali cel\u00fd.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i d\u011blen\u00ed vimpersk\u00e9ho panstv\u00ed v roce 1531 p\u0159ipadla \u010ckyn\u011b Janu Malovcovi z Ch\u00fdnova. Jeho syn Ezachiel si tu na p\u0159elomu 16. a 17. stolet\u00ed postavil renesan\u010dn\u00ed tvrz. Po Malovc\u00edch na \u010ckyni sed\u011bli Ch\u0159epi\u010dt\u00ed z Modli\u0161kovic, kte\u0159\u00ed ji v roce 1666 prodali Ger\u0161dorf\u016fm z Ger\u0161dorfu. P\u0159i t\u00e9to prodeji se dov\u00edd\u00e1me, \u017ee k panstv\u00ed pat\u0159ila kamenn\u00e1 tvrz, pivovar, \u010dty\u0159i dvory, m\u011bste\u010dko \u010ckyn\u011b a \u010dty\u0159i vesnice. Ger\u0161dorfov\u00e9 se v hezk\u00e9m kraji nad Voly\u0148kou dlouho neoh\u0159\u00e1li; ji\u017e v roce 1690 \u010ckyni z\u00edskal V\u00e1clav Milota Hru\u0161ovsk\u00fd z Hru\u0161ova.<\/p>\n

Hru\u0161ov\u0161t\u00ed poch\u00e1zeli z Hru\u0161ova u Mlad\u00e9 Boleslavi a n\u011bkter\u00e9 statky vlastnili tak\u00e9 na M\u011blnicku. Na \u010ckyni s\u00eddlili ji\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed, kdy\u017e v roce 1740 vym\u0159eli Karlem VI. po me\u010di Habsburkov\u00e9 a mladou panovnici habsbursk\u00e9ho soust\u00e1t\u00ed a dceru Karla VI. Marii Terezii napadlo n\u011bkolik evropsk\u00fdch mocnost\u00ed s \u00famyslem rozchv\u00e1tit jej\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161i. Za\u010dal prusk\u00fd kr\u00e1l Fridrich II. a na podzim roku 1741 vpadly do \u010cech najednou t\u0159i arm\u00e1dy- francouzsk\u00e1, bavorsk\u00e1 a sask\u00e1.
\nSpole\u010dn\u011b dobyly Prahu a na \u010desk\u00fd tr\u016fn dosadily bavorsk\u00e9ho kurfi\u0159ta Karla Albrechta. Vznikl t\u00edm zaj\u00edmav\u00fd bavorsko-\u010desk\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fatvar, kter\u00fd nespojoval jen spole\u010dn\u00fd p\u016fvod n\u00e1zvu zem\u011b, ale tak\u00e9 velmi podobn\u00e1 mentalita obyvatel. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed poprv\u00e9 dotklo rokoko, nebo\u0165 francouzsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da, prov\u00e1zen\u00e1 z\u00e1stupy slou\u017e\u00edc\u00edch, kucha\u0159\u016f, kade\u0159n\u00edk\u016f, komediant\u016f, metres a kurtiz\u00e1n, s sebou p\u0159iv\u00e1\u017eela i \u201e\u017eivotn\u00ed nezbytnosti\u201c p\u0159ejemn\u011bl\u00e9 rokokov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti – vybran\u00e9 lah\u016fdky, bedny vo\u0148avek, l\u00ed\u010didel, paruk a pudru, slune\u010dn\u00edky, no\u010dn\u00ed ko\u0161ile, papou\u0161ky a jin\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed mazl\u00ed\u010dky.<\/p>\n

Ciz\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 pos\u00e1dky se rozlily po \u010cech\u00e1ch a chystaly se tu p\u0159e\u010dkat zimu. Ji\u017en\u00ed \u010cechy obsadili Francouzi a velk\u00fd odd\u00edl se usadil ve Volyni. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku \u00fanora 1742 vyslal tamn\u00ed velitel mark\u00fdz Ximenes mal\u00fd odd\u00edl vozatajstva se z\u00e1sobami a s doprovodem do Vimperka, vzd\u00e1len\u00e9ho necel\u00fdch 20 kilometr\u016f. Raku\u0161an\u00e9 v nedalek\u00fdch Prachatic\u00edch, Vlachov\u011b B\u0159ez\u00ed a v Bavorov\u011b se o tom dozv\u011bd\u011bli a vyslali proti transportu 600 jezdc\u016f. Rakou\u0161t\u00ed kyrysn\u00edci, dragouni a husa\u0159i dostihli Francouze 4. \u00fanora u \u010ckyn\u011b. Francouzsk\u00e1 kolona pr\u00e1v\u011b opou\u0161t\u011bla m\u011bste\u010dko ve sm\u011bru na Vimperk a jej\u00ed velitel zpozoroval Raku\u0161any a\u017e v posledn\u00ed chv\u00edli. Na\u0159\u00eddil ihned \u00fastup na kosteln\u00ed n\u00e1vr\u0161\u00ed, vozy dal zav\u00e9st za kostel a s voj\u00e1ky se opevnil na h\u0159bitov\u011b obehnan\u00e9m hradbou.<\/p>\n

Poloha to byla v\u00fdhodn\u00e1, nebo\u0165 dodnes odtud lze p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnout \u0161ir\u00fd kraj a \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci byli nuceni postupovat do kopce. Francouzi m\u011bli jen 60 p\u011b\u0161\u00e1k\u016f a 150 jezdc\u016f a museli odol\u00e1vat trojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9 p\u0159esile. Velitel vyslal je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edchodem Raku\u0161an\u016f jednoho jezdce do Volyn\u011b pro posily a v\u00fdzvu rakousk\u00e9ho velitele ke kapitulaci galantn\u011b odm\u00edtl. Rozpoutal se boj a s velkou urputnost\u00ed trval cel\u00e9 t\u0159i hodiny. Jezdci museli na obou stran\u00e1ch sesednout s kon\u00ed a bojovat p\u011b\u0161mo. Nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u00e1 st\u0159elba byla sly\u0161et \u0161iroko daleko a v obyvatel\u00edch m\u011bste\u010dka i nedalek\u00e9ho z\u00e1mku byla jist\u011b mal\u00e1 du\u0161i\u010dka.<\/p>\n

Francouzi v\u0161echny \u00fatoky odrazili a vyslan\u00fd posel zkratkou p\u0159es kopce u Naho\u0159an p\u0159ivedl v\u010das a s pomocn\u00fd odd\u00edl podplukovn\u00edka Montaubona. Ka\u017ed\u00fd francouzsk\u00fd jezdec p\u0159ivezl na sv\u00e9m koni jednoho p\u011b\u0161\u00e1ka a v\u0161ichni vpadli rakousk\u00fdm jezdc\u016fm do boku. Ti se brzy dali na \u00fat\u011bk a pod starobyl\u00fdm V\u011bncem prchali na v\u00fdchod k Prachatic\u00edm a k Vlachovu B\u0159ez\u00ed. Francouzi je nijak nepron\u00e1sledovali a po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m odpo\u010dinku \u0161\u0165astn\u011b dovezli sv\u00e9 z\u00e1soby do Vimperka. \u010cky\u0148sk\u00fd z\u00e1mek a kostel se tak staly sv\u011bdky jednoho z m\u00e1la \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f francouzsk\u00fdch zbran\u00ed v t\u00e9to v\u00e1lce. Do konce roku 1742 pora\u017een\u00e1 francouzsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da opustila \u010cechy a tak\u00e9 \u010desko-bavorsk\u00e9 soust\u00e1t\u00ed p\u0159estalo existovat.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Zpravodaj Prachatick\u00e9ho muzea<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

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