{"id":228086,"date":"2024-06-19T20:55:35","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T19:55:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=228086"},"modified":"2024-06-19T20:55:35","modified_gmt":"2024-06-19T19:55:35","slug":"stara-sumava-svatojanska-noc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=228086","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e1 noc"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Houstnouc\u00ed tma zahaluje horsk\u00e9 h\u0159ebeny na \u0160umav\u011b. V \u00fadol\u00edch plane tu i tam narudl\u00e1 z\u00e1\u0159e. Zapaluj\u00ed se ohn\u011b. Je svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e1 noc, tajupln\u00fd \u010das, kdy p\u016fsob\u00ed divotvorn\u00e9 s\u00edly. Byliny z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00edc magick\u00e9 moci ne\u017e kdy jindy, sk\u00e1ly s poklady se otev\u00edraj\u00ed, v les\u00edch i na luk\u00e1ch a u vod lze spat\u0159it v\u00edly, div\u00e9 \u017eeny a sk\u0159\u00edtky.<\/h6>\n

Svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e1 noc navazuje na oslavy letn\u00edho slunovratu. Se zimou jsme se rozlou\u010dili ji\u017e d\u00e1vno, jaro n\u00e1s vo\u0148av\u011b pol\u00edbilo p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika dny na rozlou\u010denou a kone\u010dn\u011b tu m\u00e1me tou\u017eebn\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd letn\u00ed \u010das; vlah\u00e9 ve\u010dery, hork\u00e9 noci a dny pln\u00e9 slunce. P\u0159esko\u010dme do nich p\u0159es svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00fd ohe\u0148, tradi\u010dn\u011b zapalovan\u00fd v p\u0159edve\u010der Svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci. Ta je ostatn\u011b po divok\u00e9m rejd\u011bn\u00ed b\u011bhem Filipojakubsk\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00edm no\u010dn\u00edm \u010dasem pln\u00fdm kouzel a magie.
\nSvatoj\u00e1nsk\u00fd ve\u010der n\u00e1s propojuje s p\u0159\u00edrodou, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1s ka\u017ed\u00fd den ope\u010dov\u00e1v\u00e1 a zahrnuje z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fdmi dary. Odevzdejme se tento kouzeln\u00fd ve\u010der do jej\u00ed n\u00e1ru\u010de a dovolme j\u00ed, a\u0165 n\u00e1s a v\u0161echny bytosti l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed svou nekone\u010dnou l\u00e1skou. Vyj\u00e1d\u0159eme j\u00ed svou l\u00e1sku a podporu. O kouzeln\u00e9 svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci, kter\u00e1 nast\u00e1v\u00e1 z 23. na 24. \u010dervna, je odprad\u00e1vna zvykem sb\u00edrat Devatero kv\u00edt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Bylinky v tuto kouzelnou noc nasb\u00edran\u00e9 maj\u00ed nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky. Sb\u00edrat se maj\u00ed v noci za svitu m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dku. D\u00edvky by m\u011bly b\u00fdt p\u0159i sb\u011bru nah\u00e9, nevydat ani hl\u00e1sku a neohl\u00ed\u017eet se, aby nenaru\u0161ily kouzlo magick\u00e9 noci. Kdy\u017e odb\u00edjelo jeden\u00e1ct hodin, musela d\u00edvka trhat pr\u00e1v\u011b dev\u00e1t\u00fd kv\u00edtek a po odbit\u00ed hodin naslouchat, odkud se ozve hlas. Z t\u00e9 strany m\u011bl p\u0159ij\u00edt \u017eenich. D\u011bv\u010data pletla z kv\u00edt\u00ed v\u011bne\u010dky, kter\u00fdmi zdobila sebe i hranice z jedlov\u00e9ho d\u0159eva. Po zap\u00e1len\u00ed hranice se kolem tan\u010dilo, d\u011bv\u010data prohazovala v\u011bne\u010dky skrze plameny a chlapci se je sna\u017eili chytat. Pokud v\u011bne\u010dek zadan\u00e9 d\u00edvky chytil jej\u00ed mil\u00fd, pova\u017eovalo se to za dobr\u00e9 znamen\u00ed \u2013 dvojice si m\u011bla zachovat v\u011brnost. Pokud v\u00ednek nep\u0159elet\u011bl, v\u011b\u0159ilo se, \u017ee se d\u00edvka stane maminkou.<\/p>\n

Pozor na div\u00e9 \u017eeny. Zat\u00edmco panny snily kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 sny o sv\u00fdch budouc\u00edch mil\u00fdch, ml\u00e1denci byli naopak vystavov\u00e1ni velk\u00e9mu nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Div\u00e9 \u017eeny toti\u017e tan\u010dily na luk\u00e1ch a v les\u00edch, \u010d\u00edhaly t\u00edmto lstiv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem na mlad\u00e9 mu\u017ee. Lesn\u00ed panny byly sice kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, ale neoby\u010dejn\u011b krut\u00e9. Vypadaly neodolateln\u011b v zelen\u00fdch \u0161atech a s \u010derno\u010dern\u00fdmi kade\u0159emi, v nich\u017e sv\u00edtili svatoj\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed brou\u010dci. B\u011bda v\u0161ak ml\u00e1denci, kter\u00fd spat\u0159il v tuto z\u00e1zra\u010dnou noc na lesn\u00ed louce v kole tan\u010d\u00edc\u00ed bosorky. Nebyly jako vesnick\u00e1 d\u011bv\u010data, nem\u011bly srdce. N\u00e1dhern\u00fdm zp\u011bvem, sliby a prosbami l\u00e1kaly mlad\u00edky do kola. Kdy\u017e se mlad\u00fd mu\u017e, opil\u00fd jejich p\u016fvaby, nechal p\u0159emluvit a dal se s nimi do tance, nem\u011bly s n\u00edm slitov\u00e1n\u00ed. Utancovaly ho a potom roztrhaly.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 bylinky se pod tajemn\u00fdm n\u00e1zvem Devatero kv\u00edt\u00ed skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed? Doporu\u010den\u00ed a recept\u016f je mnoho. A ka\u017ed\u00fd z nich m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 jedine\u010dn\u00e9 kouzlo. Nejl\u00e9\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejp\u0159\u00ednosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u0161ak bude sm\u011bs, kterou si ka\u017ed\u00e1 bylin\u00e1\u0159ka \u010di bylin\u00e1\u0159 nasb\u00edr\u00e1 intuitivn\u011b s napojen\u00edm na magii Svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci na sv\u00e9m obl\u00edben\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b. Nechte se v\u00e9st Matkou P\u0159\u00edrodou, kter\u00e1 V\u00e1m do cesty p\u0159ivede pr\u00e1v\u011b takov\u00e9 rostlinky, kter\u00e9 jsou te\u010f pro V\u00e1s a Va\u0161e bl\u00edzk\u00e9 nejp\u0159\u00ednosn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Tou nejmagi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed Devatera kv\u00edt\u00ed m\u00e1 v\u0161ak b\u00fdt kvetouc\u00ed kaprad\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kvete pr\u00e1v\u011b jen o svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci a vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 kolem sebe zlatavou z\u00e1\u0159i. Tam, kde toto kouzeln\u00e9 kaprad\u00ed kvete, se toti\u017e skr\u00fdv\u00e1 poklad! Kv\u00edt\u00ed se zachycuje do b\u00edl\u00e9ho pl\u00e1tna \u010di b\u00edl\u00fdch \u0161at\u016f, kter\u00e9 se pod rostlinku rozprost\u0159ou. Komu se kapradinku poda\u0159\u00ed zachytit, p\u0159ed n\u00edm se rozestoup\u00ed sk\u00e1la a odkryje nesm\u00edrn\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed. Pozor v\u0161ak na bludi\u010dky, kter\u00e9 zlatou kapradinu hl\u00eddaj\u00ed!<\/p>\n

Rovn\u011b\u017e svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 rose se p\u0159ipisovaly kouzeln\u00e9 a zdrav\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky. B\u011bh\u00e1n\u00ed v rann\u00ed rose p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161elo sv\u011b\u017eest, jej\u00ed pit\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dilo \u017ealudek a rozpou\u0161t\u011blo \u017elu\u010dov\u00e9 kameny. Om\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed rosou omlazovalo a l\u00e9\u010dilo o\u010di. Stejn\u00e9 nebo podobn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky se p\u0159ipisovaly svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 vod\u011b. Koup\u00e1n\u00ed ve vod\u011b na svat\u00e9ho Jana slou\u017eilo k o\u010dist\u011b t\u011bla i ducha. P\u0159i su\u0161en\u00ed se byliny rozprost\u00edraly po podlaze staven\u00ed. Z t\u00e9to praktiky se nakonec vyvinul kr\u00e1sn\u00fd, doposud v n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech udr\u017eovan\u00fd, d\u011btsk\u00fd nad\u00edlkov\u00fd oby\u010dej svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00fdch post\u00fdlek.<\/p>\n

D\u011bti nasb\u00edraj\u00ed den p\u0159ed Svat\u00fdm Janem svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 bylinky, ze kter\u00fdch p\u0159iprav\u00ed mal\u00e9 l\u016f\u017eko s obr\u00e1zkem \u010di so\u0161kou svat\u00e9ho Jana K\u0159titele. Post\u00fdlku polo\u017e\u00ed ke stolu, u kter\u00e9ho cel\u00e1 rodina ob\u011bdv\u00e1. V\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee svat\u00fd Jan chod\u00ed v tuto dobu po sv\u011bt\u011b a v post\u00fdlce, kterou pro n\u011bj p\u0159ipravily, si tak m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159es noc odpo\u010dinout. Za tuto slu\u017ebu pak druh\u00e9ho dne r\u00e1no najdou v post\u00fdlce vyle\u017een\u00fd dol\u00edk a sladkosti \u010di pen\u00edzky, kter\u00e9 jim jako pod\u011bkov\u00e1n\u00ed za nocleh v\u011bnoval s\u00e1m svat\u00fd Jan.<\/p>\n

Ke Svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci neodmysliteln\u011b pat\u0159ily i svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 ohn\u011b. Hranice se nej\u010dast\u011bji zapalovaly na kopc\u00edch. Ruku v ruce sk\u00e1kaly i zasnouben\u00e9 dvojice, kter\u00e9 testovaly, zda budou m\u00edt \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed. K nebi se vyhazovala zap\u00e1len\u00e1 ko\u0161\u0165ata, aby se \u010darod\u011bjnice dr\u017eely v uctiv\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od vsi. Tak\u00e9 se zapalovala louko\u0165ov\u00e1 kola a pou\u0161t\u011bla se jako symbol zapadaj\u00edc\u00edho slunce ze str\u00e1n\u00ed dol\u016f. Na vrchol hranice p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 pro hlavn\u00ed ohe\u0148 se upev\u0148ovaly slam\u011bn\u00e9 loutky oble\u010den\u00e9 do star\u00e9ho o\u0161acen\u00ed. Jejich sp\u00e1len\u00ed m\u011blo zahnat zl\u00e9 d\u00e9mony a ochr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed nemocemi zase a\u017e do p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci. \u017deny v tento den p\u0159ipravovaly k j\u00eddlu takzvan\u00fd svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00fd kol\u00e1\u010dek \u2013 to nebylo nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e kosmatice, tedy obalen\u00e1 a osma\u017een\u00e1 kv\u011btenstv\u00ed bezu \u010dern\u00e9ho. Ten m\u00e1, podle pov\u011bsti, pr\u00e1v\u011b v tento den nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed s\u00edlu.<\/p>\n

Pokud jste tuto noc zahl\u00e9dli poletuj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u011btlu\u0161ky, mohli jste se radovat \u2013 znamenalo to, \u017ee hezk\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed bude trvat i nad\u00e1le. Podle \u010desk\u00fdch pov\u011bst\u00ed se o Svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci v les\u00edch, na luk\u00e1ch a tak\u00e9 v bl\u00edzkosti ba\u017ein mohou proh\u00e1n\u011bt bludi\u010dky a lesn\u00ed panny. Pokud jste \u010dlov\u011bk, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 dobr\u00e9 srdce, bludi\u010dky a lesn\u00ed panny v\u00e1m neubl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a m\u016f\u017eete b\u00fdt sv\u011bdkem jejich tance. Pokud jste ov\u0161em \u010dlov\u011bk z\u00e1vistiv\u00fd a zl\u00fd, hroz\u00ed v\u00e1m n\u011bjak\u00e1 nep\u0159\u00edjemnost nebo dokonce smrt. K t\u00e9to noci se vztahuje \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch pov\u011br a je na ka\u017ed\u00e9m z n\u00e1s, zda v n\u011b uv\u011b\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Kouzelnou atmosf\u00e9ru t\u00e9to magick\u00e9 noci zachycuje mistrn\u00e9 dramatick\u00e9 d\u00edlo velik\u00e1na Williama Shakespeara “Sen noci svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9”. Zvyky spojen\u00e9 s \u010deskou kotlinou kr\u00e1sn\u011b zaznamenal spisovatel Milo\u0161 Urban ve sv\u00e9 knize “Hastrman” a Ond\u0159ej Havelka ve stejnojmenn\u00e9 filmov\u00e9 adaptaci. Magii svatoj\u00e1nsk\u00e9 noci vykresluje tak\u00e9 filmov\u00e1 balada “Zlat\u00e9 kaprad\u00ed” z roku 1963.<\/p>\n

Tradice pohansk\u00e1 i k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 se propojily, jeliko\u017e pohansk\u00e9 zvyky, vypl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch z\u00e1kon\u016f a cykl\u016f byly p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00e9 a c\u00edrkev nedok\u00e1zala \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b p\u0159inutit lidi, aby se jich vzdali. Tradice k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e1 je ov\u0161em spojena p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm s uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm sv\u00e1tku sv. Jana K\u0159titele. Jan K\u0159titel byl kazatel, kter\u00fd p\u0159edpov\u00eddal p\u0159\u00edchod spasitele, zavedl k\u0159est vodou, co\u017e znamenalo symbolick\u00e9 smyt\u00ed h\u0159\u00edch\u016f, o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Ve vod\u00e1ch \u0159eky Jord\u00e1n \u00fadajn\u011b p\u0159ijal z jeho rukou sv\u016fj prvn\u00ed k\u0159est i Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus. Jan kritizoval nemravn\u00e9 man\u017eelstv\u00ed krutovl\u00e1dce Heroda Antipy, kter\u00fd se o\u017eenil s Herodiadou, p\u016fvodn\u011b vdovou po jeho zem\u0159el\u00e9m bratrovi. Herodiada m\u011bla z prvn\u00edho man\u017eelstv\u00ed dceru Salom\u00e9, vyhl\u00e1\u0161enou tane\u010dnici. Ob\u011b se domluvily, \u017ee Salom\u00e9 si jako odm\u011bnu za sv\u016fj tanec bude p\u0159\u00e1t Janovu hlavu. T\u00edm byl osud nepohodln\u00e9ho kritika pom\u011br\u016f zpe\u010det\u011bn a Salom\u00e9 dostala od Heroda jeho hlavu na zlat\u00e9m podnose.<\/p>\n

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P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

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