{"id":224643,"date":"2024-06-12T19:48:31","date_gmt":"2024-06-12T18:48:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=224643"},"modified":"2024-06-12T19:48:31","modified_gmt":"2024-06-12T18:48:31","slug":"stara-sumava-amalino-udoli-u-nicova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=224643","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Am\u00e1lino \u00fadol\u00ed u Nicova"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Tato krajina \u017eila dobu sv\u00e9 sl\u00e1vy nejintensivn\u011bji ve stolet\u00ed \u010dtrn\u00e1ct\u00e9m, kdy jej\u00ed srdce pulsovalo \u017eivotem pln\u00fdm a umocn\u011bn\u00fdm. Tehdy a\u017e marnotratn\u011b pl\u00fdtvala zlatem sv\u00fdch hlubin a v\u0159ela d\u011bln\u00fdm ruchem v \u00fatrob\u00e1ch zem\u011b, soust\u0159edujiv k sob\u011b pozornost lucembursk\u00fdch vlada\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed t\u011b\u017e\u00edce z jej\u00edho bohatstv\u00ed, abv\u011bnovali ji mnohou milost\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edzn\u00ed. Je\u0161t\u011b \u0161estn\u00e1ct\u00e9 stolet\u00ed bylo \u0161t\u011bdr\u00e9, ale potom se ruka zem\u011b zav\u0159ela a ona, zchudl\u00e1, od\u011bla se smutkem sirot\u010d\u00edm. To, co \u010dteme dnes kr\u00e1sn\u00e9ho v jej\u00edch p\u0159iv\u0159en\u00fdch o\u010d\u00edch, jsou jen stopy d\u00e1vn\u00e9ho \u00fasm\u011bvu a vzpom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed. Vzpom\u00ednkou jsou opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 \u0161toly v Amaliin\u011b \u00fadol\u00ed, vzpom\u00ednkou privilegia \u010desk\u00fdch kr\u00e1l\u016f, blednouc\u00ed na za\u017eloutl\u00fdch pergamenech, nic ne\u017e vzpom\u00ednkou je mapa zlat\u00fdch dol\u016f i gotika h\u0159bitovn\u00edho chr\u00e1mu svat\u00e9ho Mikol\u00e1\u0161e, imposantn\u00ed v sv\u00e9 stroh\u00e9 prostot\u011b, vzpom\u00ednkou je posl\u00e9ze i star\u00e1 obchodn\u00ed stezka, vedouc\u00ed z Bavor p\u0159es Kvildy do Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor, kde ciz\u00ed kupci byli povinni noclehem.<\/em><\/h6>\n
Om\u0161elost droliv\u00fdch zd\u00ed a smutek v\u011bc\u00ed opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch vane ze star\u00fdch dom\u016f, kam se nast\u011bhovali nov\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed s nimi je\u0161t\u011b nesrostli. P\u0159\u00edtomnost je je\u0161t\u011b v\u0161ude spjata s ode\u0161l\u00fdm \u017eivotem neviditeln\u00fdmi vl\u00e1kny; sta\u010d\u00ed kradm\u00fd dotek, aby se ticho rozezn\u011blo ster\u00fdmi hlasy a znamen\u00edmi. Na ka\u017ed\u00e9m kroku potk\u00e1v\u00e1me tuchu tohoto minul\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Po stalet\u00ed si zdej\u0161\u00ed lid svou krajinu poetisoval v pov\u011bstech, jejich\u017e obraznost nen\u00ed \u010desk\u00e1 a jej\u00ed\u017e citov\u00e1 domovina nes\u00eddl\u00ed v na\u0161em srdci, kter\u00e9 je ve st\u00e1l\u00e9m st\u0159ehu p\u0159ed jej\u00ed moc\u00ed, vyzbrojenou tolika zku\u0161enostmi.<\/em><\/h6>\n

(Zem\u011b zamy\u0161len\u00e1 Ladislav Stehl\u00edk)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0160umavsk\u00e1 \u00fadol\u00ed jsou t\u011bmi kotli, kde se oh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1 kr\u00e1sa, co je pak vedena splet\u00ed cest a pohled\u016f k na\u0161im du\u0161\u00edm na svaz\u00edch a v\u0161ude. Dalek\u00e9, \u0161irok\u00e9, poklidn\u00e9 a sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u011b vznosn\u00e9 h\u0159ebeny hor \u0161umavsk\u00fdch se t\u00e1hnou tis\u00edci n\u011b\u017en\u011b zvln\u011bn\u00fdch vech\u016f d\u00e1l a d\u00e1l mnoho dn\u016f cesty daleko do kraje. \u00dadol\u00ed sah\u00e1 hluboko do tajemstv\u00ed ko\u0159en\u016f, sp\u00edc\u00edch mezi lo\u017eisky rud a nad jeho dnem stoj\u00ed slunce, spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u0161emu sv\u011btu. A v noci dostupuje ten kraj a\u017e ke hv\u011bzd\u00e1m a zt\u00e1p\u00ed se kdesi v nekone\u010dnu. Zmizeli kovkopov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed kdysi dob\u00fdvali ze \u0161umavsk\u00fdch skal zlato, star\u00e9 a vy\u010derpan\u00e9 \u0161toly u\u017e \u017eij\u00ed jen v pov\u011bstech, d\u00e1vno zavaleny sut\u00ed. Ztichly skl\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 hut\u011b, v nich\u017e se kdysi rodila zrcadla, brou\u0161en\u00e9 poh\u00e1ry i m\u011b\u0148av\u00e9 perly, kter\u00fdmi m\u011bly b\u00fdt o\u0161\u00e1leny divok\u00e9 kmeny v srdci Afriky.<\/p>\n

Mal\u00fd kousek po silnici od Nicova k \u0158etenic\u00edm je vyhl\u00eddka, kterou ur\u010dit\u011b zn\u00e1te. V\u00fdhled do hlubok\u00e9ho \u00fadol\u00ed, kter\u00fd vyu\u017eili re\u017eis\u00e9\u0159i a filma\u0159i jako kulisy pro sv\u00e9 filmy a seri\u00e1ly. Ctitel\u016fm \u0161umavsk\u00fdch krajinn\u00fdch kr\u00e1s, zejm\u00e9na mal\u00ed\u0159\u016fm, fotograf\u016fm i filma\u0159\u016fm se doporu\u010duje zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b vyhl\u00eddka na n\u011b ze z\u00e1to\u010diny silnice, zastavit a kochat se pohledem. Hlubok\u00fdm \u00fadol\u00edm pod osadou sp\u011bch\u00e1 k z\u00e1padu Zlat\u00fd potok, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd N\u011bmci Zollerbach, snad podle cla, kter\u00e9 se tady vyb\u00edralo od kupc\u016f na m\u00edstn\u00ed Zlat\u00e9 stezce. O \u00fadol\u00ed Zlat\u00e9ho potoka se tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je to nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0161umavsk\u00e9 \u00fadol\u00ed. Toto \u00fadol\u00ed bylo kdysi d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed slavn\u00e9ho zlatonosn\u00e9ho rev\u00edru Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor. \u00dadol\u00ed Zlat\u00e9ho potoka b\u00fdvalo v p\u0159edhusitsk\u00e9m obdob\u00ed j\u00e1drem zlatonosn\u00e9ho rev\u00edru Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor. Zejm\u00e9na severn\u00ed svahy \u00fadol\u00ed jsou poznamen\u00e1ny starou t\u011b\u017ebou.<\/p>\n

V \u00fadol\u00ed Zlat\u00e9ho potoka se nach\u00e1z\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u0161tol, kter\u00e9 zde zbyly po dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed zlata. Hlubinn\u00e1 t\u011b\u017eba zde prob\u00edhala asi od 13. stolet\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161ina \u0161tol byla v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed sanov\u00e1na vstupn\u00edmi m\u0159\u00ed\u017eemi ve vchodov\u00fdch parti\u00edch. \u00dadol\u00edm proch\u00e1z\u00ed nau\u010dn\u00e1 stezka Cestou zlatokop\u016f. Pod vyhl\u00eddkou v z\u00e1to\u010din\u011b je Pl\u00e1nsk\u00fd ml\u00fdn (Planzkerm\u00fchl) p\u0159i Zlat\u00e9m potoce, pod jeho soutokem s levostrann\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edtokem od Nicova, \u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00ed dnes t\u0159i domy. Minim\u00e1ln\u011b dva z t\u011bchto objekt\u016f b\u00fdvaly dle sd\u011blen\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel v minulosti ml\u00fdny, na lev\u00e9m b\u0159ehu potoka \u201en\u011bmeck\u00fd\u201c ml\u00fdn, doln\u00ed staven\u00ed na prav\u00e9m b\u0159ehu potoka \u201e\u010desk\u00fd\u201c ml\u00fdn.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdvoj osady ani syst\u00e9m vodn\u00edho d\u00edla mi v\u0161ak nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 jasn\u00fd. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b na map\u011b v 1. pol. 19. stol. stoj\u00ed budovy zcela jinak ne\u017e dnes. N\u00e1hon na \u201c\u010desk\u00fd\u201c ml\u00fdn se dle t\u00e9to mapy odpojoval od potoku n\u011bkde pod horn\u00ed pravob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed usedlost\u00ed – jeho poz\u016fstatkem je snad ter\u00e9nn\u00ed nerovnost pod\u00e9l cesty nad ml\u00fdnem. N\u00e1hon na \u201cn\u011bmeck\u00fd\u201c ml\u00fdn nen\u00ed z map patrn\u00fd. Jeho poz\u016fstatkem by snad mohla b\u00fdt ter\u00e9nn\u00ed nerovnost jihov\u00fdchodn\u011b od ml\u00fdna. V tomto sm\u011bru na p\u0159\u00edtoku od Nicova dochov\u00e1n mal\u00fd jez, od n\u011bj v\u0161ak jde ter\u00e9nn\u00ed \u00fatvar p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00fd n\u00e1hon po prav\u00e9m b\u0159ehu Zlat\u00e9ho potoka. Tedy bu\u010f tento jez nepat\u0159il k \u201en\u011bmeck\u00e9mu\u201c ml\u00fdnu, a nebo n\u00e1hon (kter\u00fd se posl\u00e9ze ztr\u00e1c\u00ed a jeho p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 k\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00ed se Zlat\u00fdm potokem nen\u00ed nijak patrn\u00e9) p\u0159ech\u00e1zel na lev\u00fd b\u0159eh pomoc\u00ed vantrok\u016f. Na vlastn\u00ed budov\u011b \u201en\u011bmeck\u00e9ho\u201c ml\u00fdna ji\u017e dnes nic ml\u00fdn nep\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1. Na jeho zahrad\u011b je kovov\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017eek.<\/p>\n

Dle vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed pan\u00ed Matschinerov\u00e9 z \u0158etenic byl za 2. sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky mlyn\u00e1\u0159 z \u201e\u010desk\u00e9ho\u201c ml\u00fdna pan Vrhel na z\u00e1klad\u011b fale\u0161n\u00e9ho ud\u00e1n\u00ed mlyn\u00e1\u0159e z \u201cn\u011bmeck\u00e9ho\u201c ml\u00fdna , kter\u00fd se t\u00edmto sna\u017eil vyhnout vojensk\u00e9mu odvodu, nebo\u0165 v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b uzav\u0159en\u00ed konkuren\u010dn\u00edho ml\u00fdna by se zde stal nezbytn\u00fdm, zatknout gestapem, na p\u0159\u00edmluvu starost\u016f okoln\u00edch obc\u00ed v\u0161ak byl propu\u0161t\u011bn. Am\u00e1lino \u00fadol\u00ed je p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace, kter\u00e1 byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena v roce 1994. Nal\u00e9z\u00e1 se jihov\u00fdchodn\u011b od Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor v CHKO \u0160umava. Ka\u0148onovit\u00e9 \u00fadol\u00ed Zlat\u00e9ho potoka v\u010detn\u011b prameni\u0161t\u011b na svaz\u00edch \u017dd\u00e1nova zauj\u00edm\u00e1 plochu 80,93 ha, cel\u00e1 rezervace le\u017e\u00ed uzav\u0159en\u00e1 v ochrann\u00e9m p\u00e1smu o velikosti 180,09 ha, jej\u00ed\u017e hranice jsou vyzna\u010deny \u010derven\u00fdmi p\u00e1sy a st\u00e1tn\u00edm znakem \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Am\u00e1lino \u00fadol\u00ed se rozprost\u00edr\u00e1 v nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce 620 – 914 m n. m. P\u0159edm\u011btem ochrany jsou rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 prameni\u0161t\u011b na svaz\u00edch \u017dd\u00e1nova, hlubok\u00e9 skalnat\u00e9 \u00fadol\u00ed Zlat\u00e9ho potoka a vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 druhy rostlin a \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f. Nach\u00e1zej\u00ed se tu mok\u0159ady, sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 lesn\u00ed skupiny a men\u0161\u00ed plochy luk a pastvin. V rezervaci byl zaznamen\u00e1n v\u00fdskyt 44 druh\u016f m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161\u016f a 15 druh\u016f letoun\u016f. Am\u00e1lino \u00fadol\u00ed je domovem vydry \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed, rejska horsk\u00e9ho, je\u0159\u00e1bka lesn\u00edho a skorce vodn\u00edho.<\/p>\n

K \u0158etenic\u00edm se poj\u00ed tak\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 pov\u011bsti. Jedna z nich vypr\u00e1v\u00ed o stud\u00e1nce na n\u00e1vsi se z\u00e1zra\u010dnou l\u00e9\u010divou vodou. Tajemstv\u00ed stud\u00e1nky \u017e\u00e1rliv\u011b st\u0159e\u017eil mal\u00fd zl\u00fd mu\u017e\u00edk. Krut\u011b se pomstil d\u00edvce, kter\u00e1 tajemstv\u00ed z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00e9 vody vyzradila obyvatel\u016fm vesnice. Jin\u00e1 pov\u011bst se vrac\u00ed do hrozn\u00fdch dob t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lky. Horda \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fdch rejtar\u016f t\u00e1hla \u00fadol\u00edm Zlat\u00e9ho potoka, kde vyp\u00e1lila zn\u00e1m\u00fd Pl\u00e1nsk\u00fd ml\u00fdn. Mlyn\u00e1\u0159 se s rodinou ukryl v lese, z \u00fakrytu v\u0161ak zast\u0159elil dva opozdil\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky. V jejich mo\u0161n\u00e1ch objevil mno\u017estv\u00ed zlata a st\u0159\u00edbra, kter\u00e9 mu pak umo\u017enilo postavit nov\u00fd dv\u016fr a ml\u00fdn, je\u0161t\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e byly ty p\u0159edchoz\u00ed. Naloupen\u00e9 bohatstv\u00ed v\u0161ak mlyn\u00e1\u0159i nep\u0159ineslo po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed. Teprve po letech, a\u017e v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed generaci, se do ml\u00fdna
\nvr\u00e1tily m\u00edr a \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Gustav Jungbauer, B\u00f6hmerwald Sagen 1924<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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