{"id":222454,"date":"2026-04-29T12:58:18","date_gmt":"2026-04-29T11:58:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=222454"},"modified":"2026-04-30T12:40:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T11:40:07","slug":"pratele-ceskych-tradic-1-maj-1-kvetna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=222454","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c9 TRADICE: 1. m\u00e1j – 1. kv\u011btna"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ilustra\u010dn\u00ed foto: pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed den v m\u011bs\u00edci kv\u011btnu je zasv\u011bcen milov\u00e1n\u00ed a nej\u010dist\u0161\u00ed l\u00e1sce. Je to tak\u00e9 den, kdy se slav\u00ed svat\u00fd Filip a Jakub. Tento den se poj\u00ed s oslavou staro\u010desk\u00fdch m\u00e1j\u016f. Staro\u010desk\u00e9 m\u00e1je maj\u00ed mnoho tradic a zvyk\u016f, n\u011bkter\u00e9 dr\u017e\u00edme do dnes, jin\u00e9 pomalu miz\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm aktem hned po r\u00e1nu je stav\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e1jky.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1jku stav\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e1 ves i m\u011bsto. Je to v\u011bc presti\u017ee, \u010d\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed m\u00e1jka t\u00edm lep\u0161\u00ed. Je ostuda, pokud vesnici kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 m\u00e1jka nezdob\u00ed a tak\u00e9 o ni nesm\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Chlapci z vesnic jdou v p\u0159edve\u010der (ne za tmy) prvn\u00edho m\u00e1je do lesa, vyberou zdrav\u00fd ztepil\u00fd smrk \u010di borovici, s \u00factou, modlitbou a pop\u011bvky ji poraz\u00ed, oklest\u00ed a v\u011btve nechaj\u00ed jen na \u0161pici. Pak ji odnesou do vsi, kde ji sloupou k\u016fru, nazdob\u00ed pentlemi, \u0161\u00e1tky, f\u00e1borky, kv\u011btinami a hlavn\u011b v\u011bncem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 velk\u00fd symbolick\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Takto nazdobenou m\u00e1jku hl\u00eddaj\u00ed u zap\u00e1len\u00fdch oh\u0148\u016f a\u017e do r\u00e1na, kdy ji pr\u016fvodem jdou vzty\u010dit na n\u00e1ves a tam ji hl\u00eddaj\u00ed nad\u00e1le. Je toti\u017e zvykem, \u017ee jino\u0161i ze sousedn\u00edch vesnic jdou k “soused\u016fm” a cht\u011bj\u00ed jim m\u00e1jku ukr\u00e1st \u010di sk\u00e1cet. Tyto boje mezi vesnicemi si mlad\u00ed mu\u017ei velice u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, hl\u00eddaj\u00ed a jdou do jin\u00fdch vs\u00ed porazit tu ciz\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jejich m\u00e1jka nesm\u00ed padnout. Je \u0161koda, \u017ee tato kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 tradice se hodn\u011b vytr\u00e1c\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Mlad\u00ed mu\u017ei hl\u00eddaj\u00ed m\u00e1jku bedliv\u011b n\u011bkde do p\u016flnoci jinde do r\u00e1na a pak ka\u017edou ned\u011bli a\u017e do letnic, kdy se m\u00e1jka slavnostn\u011b sk\u00e1c\u00ed. Stoj\u00ed-li n\u011bkter\u00e9 vesnici m\u00e1jka i po letnic\u00edch, str\u017e\u00ed ostudu a posm\u011bch. Vzty\u010den\u00e1 m\u00e1jka m\u00e1 b\u00fdt \u017eiv\u00e1 a proto se pak slavnostn\u011b k\u00e1c\u00ed, aby vstoje nezem\u0159ela. Ale kup\u0159\u00edkladu v ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch je zvyk nech\u00e1vat st\u00e1t rezav\u00e9, opadan\u00e9 m\u00e1jky a\u017e do dal\u0161\u00edho m\u00e1je, kdy se m\u00e1jka pouze vym\u011bn\u00ed. Pro\u010d jsem je\u0161t\u011b nezjistila, nev\u00edte to n\u011bkdo?<\/p>\n

Mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a veselej\u0161\u00ed slavnost\u00ed je pak k\u00e1cen\u00ed m\u00e1je, jino\u0161i m\u00e1jku uhl\u00eddali a v\u00edt\u011bzoslavn\u011b za velk\u00e9ho vesel\u00ed, dobr\u00e9ho pit\u00ed a j\u00eddla se k\u00e1c\u00ed. Na Vyso\u010din\u011b bylo zvykem (nev\u00edm jestli je\u0161t\u011b st\u00e1le je) m\u00e1jku postavit a ten den odpoledne ji sk\u00e1cet, z\u0159ejm\u011b chud\u00fd kraj, tak m\u011bli slavnost spojenou. V jin\u00fdch kraj\u00edch se v\u011bt\u0161inou k\u00e1c\u00ed n\u011bkdy do Letnic nebo p\u0159\u00edmo o oslavnosti Letnic a v ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch se nek\u00e1c\u00ed v\u016fbec.<\/p>\n

Symbolika m\u00e1jky je nasnad\u011b. Zdrav\u00fd mlad\u00fd ztepil\u00fd strom p\u0159edstavuje mlad\u00e9ho svobodn\u00e9ho jinocha v pln\u00e9 s\u00edle. V\u011bnec kolem \u0161pice m\u00e1jky p\u0159edstavuje v\u011bne\u010dek svobodn\u00e9ho d\u011bv\u010dete.<\/p>\n

Nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nem\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eitou m\u00e1jovou tradic\u00ed je pol\u00edben\u00ed d\u011bv\u010dete chlapcem pod rozkvetlou t\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed. To m\u00e1 hned n\u011bkolik v\u00fdznam\u016f. Chlapci l\u00edbaj\u00ed d\u011bv\u010data, aby neuschla, byla cel\u00fd rok kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 a usm\u011bvav\u00e1. Svobodn\u00e9 i man\u017eelsk\u00e9 p\u00e1ry mileneck\u00e9 se pol\u00edb\u00ed, aby jim vztah vydr\u017eel cel\u00fd dal\u0161\u00ed rok.<\/p>\n

Rozkvetl\u00e1 t\u0159e\u0161e\u0148 je v cel\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 zemi symbolem l\u00e1sky.<\/p>\n

Tady si dovol\u00edm malou vsuvku. Slovo milenec, milenka, milenci poch\u00e1z\u00ed od slova milovat, m\u00edt z cel\u00e9ho srdce r\u00e1d. Milenci se tedy nadm\u00edru miluj\u00ed. Postupem \u010dasu toho n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 slovo bohu\u017eel dostalo je\u0161t\u011b jin\u00fd v\u00fdznam, dnes zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a to lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed zan\u00e1\u0161\u00ed nebo t\u011bch kte\u0159\u00ed spolu \u201en\u011bco maj\u00ed\u201c na rozd\u00edl od p\u016fvodn\u00edho v\u00fdznamu, kter\u00fd s t\u011blesn\u00fdm aktem nem\u011bl moc spole\u010dn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm kr\u00e1sn\u00fdm zvykem je od prvn\u00edho m\u00e1je nosit v kapse p\u00e1r drobn\u00fdch, aby n\u00e1s kuka\u010dka neokukala. Kdy\u017e zaslechneme prvn\u00ed kuk\u00e1n\u00ed kuka\u010dky, tak zachrast\u00edme v kapse pen\u011bzi, aby se n\u00e1m pen\u00edze nerozkut\u00e1lely a kuka\u010dka n\u00e1s neokukala.<\/p>\n

A p\u00e1r zvyk\u016f, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e z vesnic t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 vymizely:<\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm \u00fakolem chlapc\u016f na 1. m\u00e1je bylo postavit malou opentlenou m\u00e1jku, v\u011bt\u0161inou b\u0159ezovou, d\u011bv\u010deti sv\u00e9ho srdce p\u0159ed jej\u00ed d\u016fm \u010di vrata. D\u00edvky musely b\u00fdt dle zvyku svobodn\u00e9. N\u011bkde se tyto mal\u00e9 m\u00e1jky stav\u011bly v\u0161em mlad\u00fdm pann\u00e1m, by\u0165 nem\u011bly milence, kter\u00fd by jim m\u00e1jku postavil. Tak se poznalo ve kter\u00e9m staven\u00ed je je\u0161t\u011b d\u00edvka nezadan\u00e1 a dokonce i jak je star\u00e1, nebo\u0165 star\u0161\u00edm dcer\u00e1m se stav\u011bly m\u00e1jky v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a t\u011bm mlad\u0161\u00edm men\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V n\u011bkter\u00fdch kraj\u00edch bylo zvykem nad r\u00e1nem vysyp\u00e1vat Chodn\u00ed\u010dky l\u00e1sky. P\u011b\u0161inky z pilin, v\u00e1pna, \u0161kv\u00e1ry, otrub nebo jin\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu spojovali staven\u00ed zamilovan\u00fdch dvojic. Kolikr\u00e1te se tak uk\u00e1zalo i to co ostatn\u00edm nebylo z\u0159ejm\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Tak\u017ee pol\u00edbit a nezapomenout m\u00edt v kapse drobn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> La\u010fka Paterko – p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky a semin\u00e1\u0159e
\nVlastimil Vondru\u0161ka – C\u00edrkevn\u00ed rok a lidov\u00e9 oby\u010deje
\nP\u0159ipravuje: Barbora ORS\u00c1GOV\u00c1<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Prvn\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":344267,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/30\/ram-1.-maj.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222454"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=222454"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":253057,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222454\/revisions\/253057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/344267"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=222454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=222454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=222454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}