{"id":219999,"date":"2025-04-02T14:04:12","date_gmt":"2025-04-02T13:04:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=219999"},"modified":"2025-04-02T14:04:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T13:04:12","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-dubnove-rozjimani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=219999","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Dubnov\u00e9 rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Duben<\/strong>
\nVesel\u00e9 jarn\u00ed p\u0159eh\u00e1\u0148ky<\/em>
\na prvn\u00ed bo\u017e\u00ed duha nad krajinou!<\/em>
\nRozs\u00edvku slo\u017eil hospod\u00e1\u0159<\/em>
\na d\u016fv\u011b\u0159iv\u011b obch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u016fdu, do n\u00ed\u017e sil.<\/em>
\nSnad p\u0159ijdou mrazy. Ale setba svat\u00e1<\/em>
\nse neporu\u0161\u00ed.<\/em>
\nNeb z\u00e1kon jedin\u00fd jest kl\u00ed\u010diti a r\u016fst,<\/em>
\nr\u016fst za bou\u0159\u00ed a nepohody<\/em>
\nv\u0161emu navzdory.<\/em>
\nRoz\u0161afn\u00ed d\u011bdov\u00e9 se h\u0159ej\u00ed u kamen<\/em>
\na p\u0159em\u00edlaj\u00ed starou moudrost, star\u00e9 zvyky<\/em>
\na star\u00e9 pranostiky.<\/em><\/p>\n

Duben, to je ten prav\u00fd a po\u017eehnan\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc zahradn\u00edk\u016fv. A\u0165 si jdou do h\u00e1je milenci se sv\u00fdm veleben\u00edm m\u00e1je; v m\u00e1ji stromy a kv\u011btiny jenom kvetou, ale v dubnu vyr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed; v\u011bzte, \u017ee toto kl\u00ed\u010den\u00ed a ra\u0161en\u00ed, ty puky, pupence a kl\u00ed\u010dky jsou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm divem p\u0159\u00edrody, a v\u00edc u\u017e o nich neprozrad\u00edm ani slovo; se\u010fte sami na bobku a hrabejte sami prstem v kypr\u00e9 zemi, se zatajen\u00fdm dechem, nebo\u0165 \u0159e\u010den\u00fd prst se dot\u00fdk\u00e1 k\u0159ehk\u00e9ho a pln\u00e9ho puku. To nelze l\u00ed\u010dit, tak jako nelze slovy l\u00ed\u010dit polibky a n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo jin\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed.<\/em> Karel \u010capek Zahradn\u00edk\u016fv rok<\/h6>\n

Duben \u2013 Apr\u00edl \u2013 je charakteristick\u00fd svou prom\u011bnlivost\u00ed. Copak by to bylo za duben, aby jaro nevyvedl apr\u00edlem. Po\u010das\u00ed se st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1 prakticky ka\u017ed\u00fd den. Zastihnout n\u00e1s mohou de\u0161tiv\u00e9, sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 i sn\u011bhov\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017eky, tak\u00e9 bou\u0159ky a to v\u0161e je prost\u0159\u00edd\u00e1no slune\u010dn\u00fdm a tepl\u00fdm po\u010das\u00edm. Zpravidla po 20. dubnu p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed k poklesu teplot. Jestli\u017ee b\u0159ezen p\u0159\u00e1l pro za\u010d\u00e1tek jarn\u00edch prac\u00ed a je ji\u017e zaseto, je \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, aby duben p\u0159inesl vl\u00e1hu. Nezapome\u0148te, \u017ee ani v dubnu se zima je\u0161t\u011b nevzd\u00e1v\u00e1: Flori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 chladna, kter\u00e1 se n\u011bkdy prot\u00e1hnou do za\u010d\u00e1tku kv\u011btna, mohou je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159in\u00e9st mraz\u00edky a sn\u00edh. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b \u2013 lep\u0161\u00ed mr\u00e1z v dubnu, ne\u017e v kv\u011btnu. Mezi hlavn\u00ed posly jara pat\u0159\u00ed jarn\u00ed kv\u011bty v podrostech dubohabrov\u00fdch h\u00e1j\u016f. Rozkvetl\u00e1 vrba se sv\u00fdmi ko\u010di\u010dkami byla ji\u017e v d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch znamen\u00edm konce dlouh\u00e9ho a t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho zimn\u00edho obdob\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edchodu nov\u00e9ho zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho roku. Ko\u010di\u010dky se tak\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1valy krav\u00e1m do krmen\u00ed, aby dob\u0159e dojily.<\/p>\n

Plodnost, hojnost, nov\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1tek, nad\u011bje, l\u00e1ska. To v\u0161e symbolizuje duben, kter\u00fd je mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdmi tradicemi protk\u00e1n daleko v\u00edce ne\u017e jin\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce. P\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed jaro toti\u017e m\u011blo pro na\u0161e p\u0159edky velk\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Dlouh\u00e1 zima pln\u00e1 hladu a nedostatku, strachu o p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed a obav z nejist\u00e9 budoucnosti byla pro d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed generace n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. Temn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed dubnem definitivn\u011b kon\u010d\u00ed, o \u010dem\u017e vypov\u00eddaly bou\u0159liv\u00e9 oslavy sv\u00e1tku sv\u011btla a plodnosti, keltsk\u00e9ho Beltainu, kter\u00fd dnes 30. dubna slav\u00edme jako P\u00e1len\u00ed \u010darod\u011bjnic. Plodnost a r\u016fst nov\u00e9ho \u017eivota, nad\u011bje i l\u00e1sky ale proch\u00e1z\u00ed cel\u00fdm dubnem jako leskl\u00e1 zlat\u00e1 nit, kter\u00e1 jej spojuje a se\u0161\u00edv\u00e1 v jeden kr\u00e1sn\u00fd celek op\u011bvuj\u00edc\u00ed dar \u017eivota a vyjad\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed bezb\u0159ehou radost z jeho trv\u00e1n\u00ed. B\u011bhem k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch Velikonoc se dokonce v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edm dost\u00e1v\u00e1 oslavou Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova Zmrtv\u00fdchvst\u00e1n\u00ed nad\u011bje, \u017ee smrt nen\u00ed konec, ale nov\u00fd za\u010d\u00e1tek. Za\u010d\u00e1tek \u017eivota po \u017eivot\u011b.<\/p>\n

M\u011bs\u00edc duben zasv\u011bcujeme \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stud\u00e1nek. Kolik stud\u00e1nek se \u010dasem ztratilo v bahn\u011b, u\u017e nikdo nespo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1. P\u0159itom pram\u00ednek \u010dist\u00e9 vody, slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed jako osv\u011b\u017een\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bku i zv\u00ed\u0159at\u016fm, do krajiny pat\u0159\u00ed a m\u011bl by v n\u00ed i z\u016fstat. Jedny z nejstar\u0161\u00edch m\u00fdt\u016f v\u016fbec jsou spojeny s uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch \u017eivl\u016f, vody a vodn\u00edch pramen\u016f p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm. Je nepochybn\u00e9, \u017ee i d\u00e1vn\u00ed Slovan\u00e9, stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 n\u00e1rody u\u017e v obdob\u00ed pohansk\u00e9m, si mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b v\u00e1\u017eili vodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f. Prameny a studn\u011b, podobn\u011b jako stromy a h\u00e1je, uct\u00edvali a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161eli jim ob\u011bti. Od nepam\u011bti m\u00e1 lid vodu ve velk\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017enosti, \u201ep\u0159ikl\u00e1d\u00e1 se j\u00ed moc v\u011b\u0161tebn\u00e1, l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e1 a o\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed; zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b voda nepo\u010dat\u00e1, tj. na\u010derpan\u00e1 poprv\u00e9 r\u00e1no p\u0159ed slunce v\u00fdchodem, jest v nemocech a kouzlech velmi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1\u201c. Prastarou v\u00edru v moc z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fdch pramen\u016f a stud\u00e1nek dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed dodnes \u010detn\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 poh\u00e1dky o \u017eiv\u00e9 vod\u011b, kter\u00e1 uzdravuje a o\u017eivuje, poh\u00e1dky, je\u017e maj\u00ed bezpochyby sv\u016fj p\u016fvod v d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch pohansk\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

Zima ode\u0161la a jaro p\u0159evzalo vl\u00e1du nad krajem a to byl \u010das \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stud\u00e1nek. Po sv\u00e1tku sv. Ji\u0159\u00ed se kdysi vyd\u00e1valy d\u00edvky ke v\u0161em stud\u00e1nk\u00e1m v okol\u00ed t\u00e9 \u010di on\u00e9 vesnice a ve zbo\u017en\u00e9m pr\u016fvodu prozp\u011bvovaly n\u00e1bo\u017en\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b. Do ka\u017ed\u00e9 stud\u00e1nky vlo\u017eila jedna z nich na okam\u017eik d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017eek. Potom ke stud\u00e1nce p\u0159ich\u00e1zela jedna d\u00edvka za druhou a ka\u017ed\u00e1 se pod\u00edlela na vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od napadan\u00e9ho list\u00ed a od bl\u00e1ta. Kdy\u017e se kal ve vod\u011b usadil, tak do n\u00ed jedna z d\u00edvek znovu k\u0159\u00ed\u017eek na chvilku pono\u0159ila. Trvalo i n\u011bkolik hodin, ne\u017e v\u0161echny stud\u00e1nky v okol\u00ed vesnice d\u00edvky vy\u010distily a potom se je\u0161t\u011b zastavily u k\u0159\u00ed\u017eku v pol\u00edch ke spole\u010dn\u00e9 modlitb\u011b ke v\u0161em svat\u00fdm a za zp\u011bvu se rozch\u00e1zely k domov\u016fm u\u017e skoro za tmy.<\/p>\n

V \u010dasech, kdy nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 jen oto\u010dit vodovodn\u00edm kohoutkem, ale voda se nosila ze studn\u00ed, byla jedna jarn\u00ed slavnost v\u011bnov\u00e1na i jim. V podve\u010der se na n\u00e1vsi svol\u00e1valy v\u0161echny svobodn\u00e9 d\u00edvky a s vesel\u00edm obch\u00e1zely v\u0161echny studny ve vesnici, ze kter\u00fdch vyl\u00e9valy vodu a \u010distily je po zim\u011b. Na vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bnou studnu byl polo\u017een velk\u00fd zelen\u00fd v\u011bnec na znamen\u00ed \u010distoty. Kdy\u017e byly v\u0161echny studny vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9, tak se v ned\u011bli vydal po vsi d\u016fm od domu pr\u016fvod sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u011b oble\u010den\u00fdch d\u00edvek a p\u0159i zp\u011bvu vyb\u00edraly za vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed studn\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed ned\u011bli si d\u00edvky sjednaly samy muzikanty a konala se muzika “za studny”. Vesnic\u00ed proch\u00e1zel dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fvod tentokr\u00e1t s muzikou a v\u0161e zakon\u010dila par\u00e1dn\u00ed tancova\u010dka.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Karel Toman – Duben, sb\u00edrka M\u011bs\u00edce<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Duben <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":341480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/31\/ram-dubnove.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219999"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=219999"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219999\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":341481,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219999\/revisions\/341481"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/341480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=219999"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=219999"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=219999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}