{"id":214663,"date":"2024-02-02T18:10:06","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T17:10:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=214663"},"modified":"2024-02-02T21:54:47","modified_gmt":"2024-02-02T20:54:47","slug":"stara-sumava-unorove-rozjimani-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=214663","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: \u00danorov\u00e9 rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00danor<\/strong>
\nTeskliv\u00e9 nebe zem\u011b zdej\u0161\u00ed,<\/em>
\n v \u00fanoru je\u0161t\u011b teskliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed,<\/em>
\n svou \u0161ed\u00ed k obzoru se dru\u017e\u00ed<\/em>
\n a pad\u00e1 ml\u010dky do kalu\u017e\u00ed.<\/em>
\n Sn\u011b\u017eenku chladnou tiskne\u0161 k sp\u00e1nku,<\/em>
\n \u0159\u00edk\u00e1\u0161 si ver\u0161\u00edk o sk\u0159iv\u00e1nku,<\/em>
\n zat\u00edmco kluci nasedaj\u00ed<\/em>
\n u\u017e na kon\u011b a jedou k m\u00e1ji.<\/em>
\n P\u0159es bl\u00e1to ov\u0161em, p\u0159es kalu\u017ee,<\/em>
\n a vid\u00ed v d\u00e1lce kv\u00e9sti r\u016f\u017ee….<\/em>.(Jaroslav Seifert)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Karel \u010capek v Zahradn\u00edkov\u011b roku k \u00fanoru poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1:<\/h6>\n

\u00danor je doba nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1, kter\u00e1 zahradn\u00edka ohro\u017euje holomrazy, sluncem, vlhkem a v\u011btry; tento nejkrat\u0161\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc, tento z\u00e1prtek mezi m\u011bs\u00edci, tento m\u011bs\u00edc nedono\u0161en\u00fd, p\u0159estupn\u00fd a v\u016fbec nesolidn\u00ed vynik\u00e1 nad v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed sv\u00fdmi potm\u011b\u0161il\u00fdmi z\u00e1ludy; m\u011bjte se p\u0159ed n\u00edm na pozoru. Ve dne loud\u00ed na ke\u0159i pupence a v noci je sp\u00e1l\u00ed; jednou rukou n\u00e1m lahod\u00ed a druhou n\u00e1m lusk\u00e1 pod nosem. \u010cert v\u00ed, pro\u010d se o p\u0159estupn\u00fdch letech p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 jeden den zrovna tomuto vrtkav\u00e9mu, katar\u00e1ln\u00edmu, po\u0165ouchl\u00e9mu m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edmu skr\u010dkovi; v p\u0159estupn\u00fd rok by se m\u011bl p\u0159idat jeden kr\u00e1sn\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed v m\u00e1ji, aby jich bylo dvaat\u0159icet, a bylo by to. Jakpak k tomu my zahradn\u00edci p\u0159ijdem? Ale, p\u0159esto je velmi bohat\u00fd na lidov\u00e9 zvyky a tradice. Snad nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi jsou sv\u00e1tek Hromnic a masopust.<\/em><\/p>\n

Je tu za\u010d\u00e1tek nov\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce, kter\u00fd sice je\u0161t\u011b pova\u017eujeme za zimn\u00ed, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 je u\u017e patrn\u00e9, \u017ee se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 prodlu\u017eovat den\u2026 Na\u0161i p\u0159edkov\u00e9 pova\u017eovali \u00fanor za zcela specifick\u00fd, p\u0159edjarn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc a toto obdob\u00ed m\u011bli spojen\u00e9 s mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zvyky a ritu\u00e1ly. Za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 n\u00e1dhern\u00fdm, i kdy\u017e trochu opom\u00edjen\u00fdm sv\u00e1tkem Hromnic, jinak ozna\u010dovan\u00fdm za Sv\u00e1tek sv\u011btel.<\/p>\n

\u00danor tvo\u0159\u00ed jak\u00fdsi most mezi zimou a jarem, tmou a sv\u011btlem, chladem a teplem. \u00danor b\u00edl\u00fd pole s\u00edl\u00ed. Tuto pranostiku zn\u00e1me v\u0161ichni. Pro\u010d se ale stal pr\u00e1v\u011b nejkrat\u0161\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc v roce, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m mot\u00e1 hlavu sv\u00fdm p\u0159estupn\u00fdm po\u010dtem dn\u016f, p\u0159edstavitelem tohoto r\u010den\u00ed? Zimy na\u0161ich p\u0159edk\u016f byly krut\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dnes. Sn\u011bhov\u00e1 nad\u00edlka byla podstatn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a d\u00edky trval\u00fdm mraz\u016fm byl sn\u00edh synonymem zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Po\u010das\u00ed bylo stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e jak jej zn\u00e1me v sou\u010dasnosti.<\/p>\n

Sn\u011bhov\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvka je celkov\u011b pro nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed \u00farodu nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. Zem\u011b pod n\u00ed odpo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 d\u00edky n\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 vl\u00e1hu. Ozimy jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny p\u0159ed vymrz\u00e1n\u00edm. P\u0159es v\u011bt\u0161inu zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f byl d\u0159\u00edve sn\u00edh samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed. Jeden ze zimn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f se v\u0161ak pravideln\u011b vymykal. O\u010dek\u00e1vaje se od n\u011bj zimn\u00ed r\u00e1z, \u010dasto p\u0159ekvapoval a p\u0159ekvapuje i dnes. V dal\u0161\u00edch se mu \u0159\u00edkalo (podle z\u00e1znam\u016f ze 16. Stolet\u00ed) \u201ed\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc\u201c, nebo\u0165 pr\u00e1v\u011b tehdy se v \u010dase ub\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed Luny k\u00e1celi stromy; z\u00edskan\u00e9 d\u0159evo m\u011blo m\u00edt lep\u0161\u00ed kvalitu a b\u00fdt odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdm vliv\u016fm.<\/p>\n

V tomto m\u011bs\u00edci se d\u00e1le prodlu\u017euj\u00ed dny a zkracuj\u00ed noci. Slunce ji\u017e vystupuje vysoko nad obzor a n\u011bkdy na za\u010d\u00e1tku toho m\u011bs\u00edce m\u016f\u017eeme m\u00edt pocit, \u017ee se ti\u0161e hl\u00e1s\u00ed jaro, jeliko\u017e za\u010d\u00e1tek \u00fanora je spojov\u00e1n s oblevou. Nej\u010dast\u011bji obleva p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 2. 2. tzv. hromni\u010dn\u00ed obleva, kter\u00e1 jako prvn\u00ed p\u0159ivol\u00e1v\u00e1 jaro. Av\u0161ak oteplen\u00ed je pouze kr\u00e1tk\u00e9. Druh\u00e1 polovina \u00fanora b\u00fdv\u00e1 zpravidla op\u011bt chladn\u00e1 jako leden. Po mrazech n\u00e1sleduje jarn\u00ed t\u00e1n\u00ed a pozvoln\u00fd p\u0159echod k jarn\u00edmu po\u010das\u00ed. N\u00e1stup jara je nej\u010dast\u011bji datov\u00e1n na Svat\u00e9ho Mat\u011bje (24. 2.), kdy je ukon\u010dena zima a nastupuje p\u0159edja\u0159\u00ed. Podle dochovan\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f z 16. stolet\u00ed se \u00fanoru \u0159\u00edkalo t\u00e9\u017e \u201ed\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc\u201c. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v \u010dase \u00fanorov\u00e9 ub\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed Luny k\u00e1celi Slovan\u00e9 stromy. D\u0159evo m\u011blo lep\u0161\u00ed kvalitu a bylo mnohem odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed proti r\u016fzn\u00fdm vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm i jin\u00fdm vliv\u016fm.<\/p>\n

V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u016fvodn\u011b slovansk\u00fdch oblastech p\u0159ipravovaly hospodyn\u011b dlouh\u00e9 dom\u00e1c\u00ed t\u011bstoviny, kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak neposyp\u00e1valy m\u00e1kem jako na T\u0159i kr\u00e1le, n\u00fdbr\u017e je sm\u00edchaly s pra\u017een\u00fdmi vejci jako symbolem budouc\u00edho \u017eivota. Jinde zas ml\u00e1denci za zp\u011bvu star\u0161\u00edch \u017een vyskakovali co nejv\u00fd\u0161e, aby len a konop\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010d\u00edc\u00ed v zemi vyrostlo co nejv\u00edc. Den po Hromnic\u00edch, na sv. Bla\u017eeje, chodili \u017e\u00e1ci z domu do domu a vyb\u00edrali pro sv\u00e9ho u\u010ditele slaninu, uzen\u00e9 a klob\u00e1sy. Lidov\u00e1 ob\u0159adnost \u2013 tradice, zvyky a ritu\u00e1ly \u010dlov\u011bka prov\u00e1zej\u00ed od prad\u00e1vna. Byly siln\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem ke stmelov\u00e1n\u00ed rodiny, obce i cel\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda. V\u011bt\u0161ina forem lidov\u00e9 ob\u0159adnosti byla \u00fazce spjata s v\u00edrou lid\u00ed, r\u016fzn\u00fdmi m\u00fdty a p\u0159\u00edrodou. V\u00fdvoj civilizace se na nich, bohu\u017eel, podepsal. Mnoh\u00e9 byly potla\u010deny, zapomenuty a p\u0159e\u010dkaly jen ty, kter\u00e9 v sob\u011b maj\u00ed prvky z\u00e1bavnosti a t\u00edm jsou pro dne\u0161n\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka p\u0159ita\u017eliv\u00e9.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 zvyklosti a oby\u010deje sice prov\u00e1d\u00edme, ale v\u011bt\u0161inou o nich v\u00edme jen velmi m\u00e1lo a ani se je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nesna\u017e\u00edme pochopit. Jejich praktikov\u00e1n\u00ed je pak povrchn\u00ed, bez pro\u017eitku. Je to zp\u016fsobeno pozm\u011bn\u011bn\u00fdmi hodnotami v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti a usp\u011bchanou dobou, co\u017e jsou civiliza\u010dn\u00ed tlaky, kter\u00e9 znehodnocuj\u00ed emocionalitu a jej\u00ed projevy. V\u011bt\u0161ina z nich m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 \u010dasov\u00e9 m\u00edsto v p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm kolob\u011bhu. P\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed s nem\u011bnnou ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed pravidelnost\u00ed, a proto nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee v minulosti prost\u00e9mu lidu nahrazovaly kalend\u00e1\u0159. Lid\u00e9 se orientovali podle p\u0159\u00edrody a s n\u00ed spojen\u00fdch ritu\u00e1l\u016f, tradic a zvyk\u016f.<\/p>\n

V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b n\u00e1m k orientaci v \u010dase slou\u017e\u00ed jin\u00e9 prost\u0159edky. Nem\u016f\u017eeme v\u0161ak lidov\u00e9 kultu\u0159e up\u0159\u00edt d\u016fle\u017eitost. Je pam\u011bt\u00ed n\u00e1roda, lidov\u00e9 tance, p\u00edsn\u011b, slovesnost, zvyky a p\u0159edm\u011bty jsou cenn\u00fdm d\u011bdictv\u00edm, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zdrojem pozn\u00e1n\u00ed, radosti a tvo\u0159iv\u00e9 inspirace i pro sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka.
\nM\u011bjte se p\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 kr\u00e1sn\u011b \u00fanorov\u011b…..<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u00danor <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":246311,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/02\/Desktop171.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/214663"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=214663"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/214663\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":296798,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/214663\/revisions\/296798"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/246311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=214663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=214663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=214663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}