{"id":214398,"date":"2021-01-28T12:09:25","date_gmt":"2021-01-28T11:09:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=214398"},"modified":"2022-05-23T13:11:10","modified_gmt":"2022-05-23T12:11:10","slug":"dtest-jak-je-to-s-osobnimi-udaji-na-internetu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=214398","title":{"rendered":"dTest: Jak je to s osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji na internetu"},"content":{"rendered":"

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28. leden je p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1n jako mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed Den ochrany osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f. Se sv\u00fdmi osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji p\u0159itom nakl\u00e1d\u00e1me na internetu v podstat\u011b denn\u011b. Internetov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti b\u011b\u017en\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje k c\u00edlen\u00e9mu marketingu. V p\u0159edchoz\u00edch letech se tak\u00e9 uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje zadan\u00e9 samotn\u00fdmi u\u017eivateli na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b mohou b\u00fdt zneu\u017eity dokonce k ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed voleb. Co v\u0161echno se rozum\u00ed osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji a jak\u00e1 pr\u00e1va v souvislosti s nimi m\u00e1te?<\/h6>\n

\"\"V kv\u011btnu 2018 nabylo \u00fa\u010dinnosti obecn\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o ochran\u011b osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f (GDPR), kter\u00e9 upravuje v\u0161echny podstatn\u00e9 aspekty ochrany osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bnu v ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f a pr\u00e1v s nimi spojen\u00fdch sice GDPR nep\u0159ineslo, av\u0161ak p\u0159im\u011blo spole\u010dnost a firmy zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje v\u00edce si problematiky v\u0161\u00edmat a d\u016fkladn\u011bji db\u00e1t na zabezpe\u010den\u00ed osobn\u00edch dat.<\/p>\n

Definice osobn\u00edho \u00fadaje je zna\u010dn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e1, proto\u017ee j\u00edm je ka\u017ed\u00e1 informace, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00e9 lze identifikovat fyzickou osobu (\u010dlov\u011bka), je\u017e se v terminologii GDPR naz\u00fdv\u00e1 subjekt \u00fadaj\u016f. \u201eOsobn\u00edm \u00fadajem tak je jm\u00e9no a p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed, adresa, datum narozen\u00ed i rodn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, ale tak\u00e9 s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00fd identifik\u00e1tor (IP adresa) nebo fotografie, pokud z n\u00ed lze ur\u010dit vyfocenou osobu,<\/em>\u201c vyjmenov\u00e1v\u00e1 Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1, \u0159editelka spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace dTest. A dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201eRozhodovac\u00ed praxe soud\u016f ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve za\u0159adila mezi osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje tak\u00e9 mobiln\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo \u010di e-mailovou adresu, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed se s jejich dr\u017eitelem spojit v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase, co\u017e je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed cesta, jak se n\u011bkomu dostat do soukrom\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Podobn\u011b \u0161iroce je definov\u00e1no tak\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f. Jedn\u00e1 se o jakoukoliv operaci s osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji \u2013 po\u010d\u00ednaje zaznamen\u00e1n\u00edm, p\u0159es ulo\u017een\u00ed, a\u017e po jejich zni\u010den\u00ed. C\u00edlem takto obs\u00e1hl\u00fdch vymezen\u00ed je chr\u00e1nit osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje ob\u010dan\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 unie v co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e. K tomu p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 to, \u017ee se unijn\u00edm pravidl\u016fm musej\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsobit i spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 sice maj\u00ed s\u00eddlo mimo EU, av\u0161ak zpracov\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u00fadaje na jej\u00edm \u00fazem\u00ed. Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed spr\u00e1vce, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jej m\u016f\u017ee sv\u011b\u0159it zpracovateli.<\/p>\n

Osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje musej\u00ed b\u00fdt zabezpe\u010deny p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b k rozsahu a rizikovosti zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed. Peka\u0159 na rohu zam\u011bstn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed dva pomocn\u00edky toho bude m\u00edt k zabezpe\u010den\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e spole\u010dnost provozuj\u00edc\u00ed internetovou platebn\u00ed br\u00e1nu a rizika budou tak\u00e9 nesoum\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1. Podle toho je nutn\u00e9 zvolit p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 prost\u0159edky ochrany: v prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed uzam\u010den\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 se \u0161anony a zaheslovan\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d s nainstalovan\u00fdm antivirem, ve druh\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se spole\u010dnost neobejde bez n\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 spr\u00e1vce tak\u00e9 \u0159adu informa\u010dn\u00edch povinnost\u00ed. \u201ePokud po v\u00e1s n\u011bkdo na internetu bude cht\u00edt osobn\u00ed \u00fadaje, m\u011bl by v\u00e1m p\u0159i jejich z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u017edy sd\u011blit svou toto\u017enost a kontaktn\u00ed \u00fadaje. M\u011bl by v\u00e1m objasnit, pro\u010d a na co \u00fadaje po\u017eaduje, a tak\u00e9 na jak\u00e9m pr\u00e1vn\u00edm z\u00e1kladu je bude zpracov\u00e1vat \u2013 nej\u010dast\u011bji na z\u00e1klad\u011b smlouvy nebo souhlasu. D\u00e1le by v\u00e1m m\u011bl sd\u011blit, jestli \u00fadaje bude n\u011bkomu p\u0159ed\u00e1vat, jak dlouho je bude m\u00edt ulo\u017eeny a pou\u010dit v\u00e1s o pr\u00e1vech, kter\u00e1 k nim podle GDPR m\u00e1te. V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b mus\u00ed spr\u00e1vce tak\u00e9 bezplatn\u011b vy\u0159izovat va\u0161e \u017e\u00e1dosti ohledn\u011b osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f, a to nejpozd\u011bji do jednoho m\u011bs\u00edce,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

GDPR vych\u00e1z\u00ed z toho, \u017ee se ka\u017ed\u00fd jednotlivec svobodn\u011b rozhoduje o tom, co s jeho osobn\u00edmi \u00fadaji bude. M\u00e1te proto pr\u00e1vo na p\u0159\u00edstup k osobn\u00edm \u00fadaj\u016fm, je\u017e sest\u00e1v\u00e1 z povinnosti spr\u00e1vce sd\u011blit v\u00e1m na \u017e\u00e1dost, zda va\u0161e \u00fadaje zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1. Pokud tomu tak je, mus\u00ed v\u00e1m poskytnout rovn\u011b\u017e p\u0159edepsan\u00e9 informace a kopii zpracov\u00e1van\u00fdch osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f. D\u00e1le m\u016f\u017eete po\u017eadovat opravu nep\u0159esn\u00fdch \u010di dopln\u011bn\u00ed ne\u00fapln\u00fdch osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f nebo jejich v\u00fdmaz, pokud ji\u017e nen\u00ed d\u016fvod k jejich zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b tak m\u00e1te pr\u00e1vo na p\u0159enositelnost \u00fadaj\u016f. V jeho r\u00e1mci, jestli\u017ee je zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f zalo\u017eeno na souhlasu nebo na smlouv\u011b a prov\u00e1d\u00ed se automatizovan\u011b, m\u00e1te n\u00e1rok na to, aby v\u00e1m spr\u00e1vce vydal va\u0161e \u00fadaje v b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9m a strojov\u011b \u010diteln\u00e9m form\u00e1tu. Tento soubor pak m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159edat dal\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b po\u017eadovat jeho p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edm spr\u00e1vcem, je-li to technicky provediteln\u00e9. Opat\u0159en\u00ed by v\u00e1m m\u011blo pomoci nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i p\u0159echodech mezi bankami \u010di poji\u0161\u0165ovnami, ale tak\u00e9 mezi mobiln\u00edmi oper\u00e1tory.<\/p>\n

A co soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b? Na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b u\u017eivatel\u00e9 nahr\u00e1vaj\u00ed denn\u011b velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f \u2013 a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o fotografie s \u017eivotn\u00edmi \u00fasp\u011bchy, informace o zm\u011bn\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, o st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di jednodu\u0161e \u201ejen\u201c jm\u00e9no, p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00ed a datum narozen\u00ed. Rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f ale nep\u0159isp\u011bje pouze \u201ek lep\u0161\u00edmu u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9mu z\u00e1\u017eitku\u201c, jak provozovatel\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed deklaruj\u00ed. \u201eOsobn\u00ed \u00fadaje jsou v podstat\u011b platidlem, kter\u00e9 je sm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1no za mo\u017enost vyu\u017e\u00edvat slu\u017ebu. Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b a dal\u0161\u00ed internetov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Facebook a Google \u2013 toti\u017e n\u011bkde sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy z\u00edskat musej\u00ed, pokud poskytuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 slu\u017eby zdarma \u2013 prim\u00e1rn\u00edm zdrojem p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f je jim vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f pro \u00fa\u010dely c\u00edlen\u00e9 a dal\u0161\u00ed reklamy,<\/em>\u201c popisuje Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Pokud m\u00e1te podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee spr\u00e1vce va\u0161e \u00fadaje zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 v rozporu s domluven\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delem, dostate\u010dn\u011b je nezabezpe\u010dil nebo ignoruje va\u0161e po\u017eadavky, m\u016f\u017eete podat st\u00ed\u017enost k \u00da\u0159adu pro ochranu osobn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f (\u00daOO\u00da). O postupu v \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enosti \u010di p\u0159\u00edmo o jeho v\u00fdsledku m\u00e1 \u00fa\u0159ad povinnost v\u00e1s vyrozum\u011bt do t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Pokud tak neu\u010din\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete se obr\u00e1tit na soud. U soudu se rovn\u011b\u017e m\u016f\u017eete dom\u00e1hat n\u00e1hrady \u00fajmy, kterou v\u00e1m spr\u00e1vce poru\u0161en\u00edm sv\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed zp\u016fsobil.<\/p>\n

Text a foto: dTest<\/strong><\/p>\n

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