{"id":213997,"date":"2026-06-19T17:28:48","date_gmt":"2026-06-19T16:28:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=213997"},"modified":"2026-06-19T17:28:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T16:28:48","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-javori-pila","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=213997","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: Javo\u0159\u00ed Pila"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Obdob\u00ed t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lky ale z\u00e1sadn\u011b prom\u011bnilo tv\u00e1\u0159 \u0161umavsk\u00e9ho regionu. V d\u016fsledku boj\u016f, hladomoru a jin\u00fdch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se drasticky sn\u00ed\u017eil po\u010det obyvatel. Mnoho s\u00eddel bylo vylidn\u011bn\u00fdch a obrovsk\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed neobd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1no. Z\u00e1hy utekly do ciziny ze \u0160umavy i Po\u0161umav\u00ed tis\u00edce lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli obavy p\u0159ed n\u00e1silnou rekatolizac\u00ed. Kv\u016fli t\u011bmto zm\u011bn\u00e1m na toto \u00fazem\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li v r\u00e1mci dosidlov\u00e1n\u00ed tis\u00edce kolonist\u016f z Bavorska a Rakouska. Tito osadn\u00edci zakl\u00e1dali zcela nov\u00e1 s\u00eddla, kde byla drtiv\u00e1 p\u0159evaha n\u011bmecky mluv\u00edc\u00edch obyvatel.<\/h6>\n

V podhorsk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti tohoto \u00fazem\u00ed byla p\u0159evaha \u010desky mluv\u00edc\u00edho obyvatelstva a \u010desk\u00fdch s\u00eddel zat\u00edmco v horsk\u00e9 oblasti byla tato p\u0159evaha na stran\u011b n\u011bmecky mluv\u00edc\u00edch osadn\u00edk\u016f. Na konci t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lky byla \u0161umavsk\u00e1 oblast jedna z nejchud\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed cel\u00e9 zem\u011b. Tento stav trval na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b \u00fazem\u00ed a\u017e do po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed. Sv\u016fj popula\u010dn\u00ed vrchol za\u017eila \u0160umava v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eBa\u017einat\u00e9 louky, kle\u010d\u00ed porostl\u00e9 slatiny, jimi\u017e prot\u00e9k\u00e1 n\u011bkolik potok\u016f, napln\u011bn\u00fdch brun\u00e1tnou vodou, a nekone\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det men\u0161\u00edch struh a vodotok\u016f. \u00dadolina je sev\u0159ena se v\u0161ech stran lesem pokryt\u00fdmi vrchy, otv\u00edraj\u00edc\u00edmi se pouze k jihov\u00fdchodu, kde propu\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed mocn\u00fd potok, \u0159e\u010den\u00fd Gross-M\u00fcllner, v n\u011bj\u017e se v\u0161ecky tyto vody slily, a jen\u017e te\u010de k Madru, kde, spojiv se s Lusenbachem a jin\u00fdmi lesn\u00edmi potoky, tvo\u0159\u00ed Vydru, na severu a severoz\u00e1padu strm\u00ed mocn\u00fd Steining, na z\u00e1pad\u011b nyn\u00ed z\u010d\u00e1sti hol\u00e9, tehd\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b neprostupn\u00fdm hou\u0161t\u00edm pokryt\u00e9 divo\u010diny Fallbaumu, jih uzav\u00edraj\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161iny, vesm\u011bs slatinat\u00e9, dopou\u0161t\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed pohled na ohromnou dvojitou b\u00e1\u0148 Roklanu. V zim\u011b jest cel\u00fd tento kraj jedin\u00e1 sn\u011b\u017en\u00e1 pou\u0161\u0165, \u010dern\u00fdmi lesy p\u0159eru\u0161ena, toky nikdy nemrznouc\u00edch vod odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed se co \u010dern\u00e9 stuhy od nekone\u010dn\u00e9 b\u00edl\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvky. Dnes tudy vede dosti p\u011bkn\u00e1 upraven\u00e1 silni\u010dka ze Stubenbachu do Madru, jin\u00e1 odtud p\u0159es Sch\u00e4tzenreit do Rehberku a t\u0159et\u00ed k weitf\u00e4llsk\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ece, v\u0161ecky tyto cesty po\u010daly se tehd\u00e1 stav\u011bti a upravovati, jedin\u00e1 ze Stubenbachu do Madru u\u017e existovala, ale v jak\u00e9m stavu! Hr\u016fza pomyslit! Takov\u00e9 kamen\u00ed, takov\u00e9 v\u00fdmoly, \u017ee j\u00edzda po n\u00ed m\u00edvala \u00fa\u010dinek d\u016fkladn\u00e9 mas\u00e1\u017ee. Ostatn\u00ed cesty, vedouc\u00ed k tomuto st\u0159edisku, kde skl\u00e1dalo se z hlubok\u00fdch hvozd\u016f vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed, byly pouze do\u010dasn\u00e9, ujet\u00e9 ponejv\u00edce jenom v zim\u011b, kdy mr\u00e1z klenul mosty p\u0159es bahniska, sn\u00edh vypl\u0148oval mezery mezi \u0161ed\u00fdmi balvany rulov\u00fdmi.\u201c\u00a0<\/em>
\nTo\u0165 z d\u00edla Karla Klostermanna “V r\u00e1ji \u0161umavsk\u00e9m”.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jedna z mnoha zanikl\u00fdch \u0161umavsk\u00fdch osad, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na soutoku Javo\u0159\u00edho a Tmav\u00e9ho potoka. Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednka o Javo\u0159\u00ed Pile (Ahorns\u00e4ge) poch\u00e1z\u00ed z roku 1543. Na okraji Modravsk\u00fdch slat\u00ed p\u0159i star\u00e9 cest\u011b z Modravy do Pr\u00e1\u0161il st\u00e1vala u Javo\u0159\u00edho potoka h\u00e1jovna a pila, kter\u00e1 zpracov\u00e1vala d\u0159evo z okoln\u00edch les\u016f. Tato mal\u00e1 osada b\u00fdvala u Javo\u0159\u00edho potoka asi 5 kilometr\u016f severoz\u00e1padn\u011b od Modravy. St\u00e1vala zde h\u00e1jovna a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pila, kde se zpracov\u00e1valo d\u0159evo z okoln\u00edch les\u016f.<\/p>\n

Po ukon\u010den\u00ed \u010dinnosti pily v roce 1921 se toto m\u00edsto stalo obl\u00edben\u00fdm d\u00edky tomu, \u017ee zde vyrostl hostinec u Tet\u0159eva s turistickou nocleh\u00e1rnou. H\u00e1jenka byla z\u0159\u00edzena kn\u00ed\u017eetem Schwarzenbergem pro lesnick\u00fd person\u00e1l n\u011bkdy na za\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed. Pozd\u011bji (zejm\u00e9na v obdob\u00ed prvorepublikov\u00e9 turistiky) slou\u017eila i jako hostinec U Tet\u0159eva s turistickou nocleh\u00e1rnou. Zat\u00edmco nejstar\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fvodce z roku 1883 hovo\u0159\u00ed o \u201edomku u cesty, kde lze dostati pivo, chl\u00e9b a m\u00e1slo,\u201c ten z roku 1908 u\u017e zmi\u0148uje hostinec U Tet\u0159eva \u201ese dv\u011bma pokoji o 8 l\u016f\u017ek\u00e1ch a studentskou nocleh\u00e1rnou, jednoduch\u00e1 strava.\u201c Pr\u016fvodce z roku 1938: \u201est\u00e1tn\u00ed h\u00e1jenka, j\u00eddlo (pstruzi), noclehy, ve 3 m\u00edstnostech 15 l\u016f\u017eek.\u201c<\/p>\n

Domy. Lid\u00e9. Pak spadla opona. \u017delezn\u00e1. Nejd\u0159\u00edv zmizeli lid\u00e9. \u0160umavsk\u00e9 vesnice v pohrani\u010dn\u00edm p\u00e1smu zanikly. Na to, aby \u010dlov\u011bk pochopil bolest vys\u00eddlen\u00ed, je pot\u0159eba tis\u00edce slov. O v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed pozd\u011bji je m\u016f\u017eeme znovuobjevovat. Po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce se zde za\u010dalo budovat hrani\u010dn\u00ed p\u00e1smo a v\u0161echny budovy byly zbour\u00e1ny. Asi 1600 metr\u016f od Javo\u0159\u00ed Pily p\u0159i cest\u011b na Poledn\u00edk se nach\u00e1zela od 50. let 20. stolet\u00ed rota 7. brig\u00e1dy Pohrani\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1\u017ee Su\u0161ice. V\u011bt\u0161ina objekt\u016f roty byla zbour\u00e1na od z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1999 do \u010dervna 2000. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se zachoval jen objekt pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u016fvodn\u00edch st\u00e1j\u00ed a k\u00e1men s n\u00e1pisem NEPROJDOU.<\/p>\n

Zat\u00edm nejv\u00fd\u0161e polo\u017een\u00e9 prav\u011bk\u00e9 s\u00eddli\u0161t\u011b bylo v l\u00e9t\u011b roku 2013 objeveno u Roklansk\u00e9ho potoka, nedaleko Javo\u0159\u00ed Pily u Modravy. \u0160umava byla z archeologick\u00e9ho hlediska zn\u00e1m\u00e1 dosud p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00edky keltsk\u00e9mu os\u00eddlen\u00ed. Tento archeologick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u0161ak dok\u00e1zal, \u017ee i v t\u011bch nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch parti\u00edch \u0160umavy \u017eili lid\u00e9 ji\u017e od prav\u011bku. Le\u017e\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 1100 metr\u016f nad mo\u0159em a dokazuje, \u017ee \u0160umava byla os\u00eddlena u\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 p\u0159ed 10 tis\u00edci lety. Potvrdilo se tak, \u017ee lovci a sb\u011bra\u010di pozdn\u00edho paleolitu a mezolitu os\u00eddlili i nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed lokality \u0160umavy. A \u017ee zde sez\u00f3nn\u011b byli schopni zajistit si dostatek potravy.<\/p>\n

Podle n\u00e1lez\u016f se v dob\u011b kamenn\u00e9 u potok\u016f objevovaly tlupy a kmeny prav\u011bk\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed sem m\u00ed\u0159ily zejm\u00e9na za ob\u017eivou – t\u00e1hnouc\u00edmi pstruhy a plody. V\u011bdci na nalezi\u0161t\u00edch nalezli kamenn\u00e9 artefakty, odpad z jejich v\u00fdroby, kter\u00fd dokazuje, \u017ee lid\u00e9 na m\u00edst\u011b tr\u00e1vili del\u0161\u00ed \u010das, nebo kamenn\u00e9 no\u017e\u00edky, hroty \u0161\u00edp\u016f i h\u00e1\u010dky na udici. B\u011bhem t\u0159\u00ed let archeologov\u00e9 na modravsku objevili u\u017e 300 drobn\u00fdch kamenn\u00fdch \u010depelek a od\u0161t\u011bpk\u016f.<\/p>\n

A je\u0161t\u011b pov\u011bst:<\/strong> Mezi Luzn\u00fdm a Roklanem kdysi \u0159\u00e1dili medv\u011bdi. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 st\u00e1do si nemohlo p\u0159ed nimi b\u00fdt jist\u00e9. A\u017e po \u010dase se na\u0161el jeden srdnat\u00fd sedl\u00e1k z Rokyty, kter\u00fd se vydal k Javo\u0159\u00ed Pile na \u010d\u00edhanou. Pobl\u00ed\u017e narazil na medv\u011bd\u00ed brloh, p\u0159ed n\u00edm\u017e se vyh\u0159\u00edval obrovsk\u00fd medv\u011bd. Jen\u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 lovec m\u011bl v l\u00e1dova\u010dce jen broky. Co te\u010f? Rychle si u\u0159ezal ze sv\u00e9 kazajky v\u0161echny olov\u011bn\u00e9 knofl\u00edky a jimi pu\u0161ku nabil. Cel\u00fd rozechv\u011bl\u00fd si rad\u0161i flintu zalo\u017eil do rozsochy bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho stromu. A opravdu pak div\u00e9 zasmolen\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e zabil jednou ranou. Medv\u011bd\u00ed ko\u017eich pak nosil v zim\u011b a v\u0161ude budil zaslou\u017eenou pozornost. Od t\u00e9 doby se tam pak medv\u011bdi neuk\u00e1zali.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Stachovsk\u00fd z\u00e1pis, rukopis, b. v. JANOU\u0160, V\u00e1clav. Prav\u011bc\u00ed lovci \u017eili i hluboko v hor\u00e1ch \u0160umavy, uk\u00e1zal objev archeolog\u016f.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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