{"id":210785,"date":"2024-12-12T14:16:21","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T13:16:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=210785"},"modified":"2024-12-12T14:16:21","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T13:16:21","slug":"stara-sumava-a-posumavi-o-svate-lucii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=210785","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA A PO\u0160UMAV\u00cd: O svat\u00e9 Lucii"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-147934\" src=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/12\/O-SVAT\u00c9-LUCII....-300x267.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"712\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/12\/O-SVAT\u00c9-LUCII....-300x267.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/12\/O-SVAT\u00c9-LUCII....-768x683.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/12\/O-SVAT\u00c9-LUCII....-401x357.jpg 401w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/12\/O-SVAT\u00c9-LUCII....-543x483.jpg 543w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/12\/O-SVAT\u00c9-LUCII.....jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>My k v\u00e1m v\u0161echny p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00edme<\/em><br \/>\n<em>s svatou Luci\u00ed,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>co ona zkusit musela,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>to snad ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Necht\u011bla si kr\u00e1le vz\u00edt,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>rad\u011bji zvolila um\u0159\u00edt,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>ne\u017e by v\u00edru Krista P\u00e1na<\/em><br \/>\n<em>m\u011bla zap\u0159\u00edt.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Pan\u00ed m\u00e1mo a pant\u00e1to,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>my v\u00e1s pros\u00edme,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>nechte n\u00e1s tu pokliditi<\/em><br \/>\n<em>ve va\u0161em dom\u011b.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>A\u017e tu pr\u00e1ci skon\u010d\u00edme,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>pak zas odejdeme,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>n\u00e1dob sv\u00fdch poklid\u00edme,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>v po\u0159\u00e1dku z va\u0161eho domu odejdeme.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>My v\u00e1m v\u0161echny d\u011bkujeme<\/em><br \/>\n<em>za tu zdvo\u0159ilost,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>co jste n\u00e1m prok\u00e1zali,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>m\u00e1me na tom dost.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>My v\u00e1m v\u0161echny d\u011bkujem,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed, zdrav\u00ed vin\u0161ujem,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>v nebesk\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed<\/em><br \/>\n<em>v\u0161ichni se sejdem.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>\nJeden z nejmagi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dn\u00ed adventn\u00edho obdob\u00ed je t\u0159in\u00e1ct\u00fd prosinec. Lid\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b 13. prosince se sl\u00e9t\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010darod\u011bjnice, aby se radily, jak u\u0161kod\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u016fm. A pr\u00e1v\u011b svat\u00e1 Lucie m\u011bla \u0159\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u010darod\u011bjnic zabr\u00e1nit. Lid\u00e9 se ke sv\u011btici modlili, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 nedali dopustit na star\u00e9 pohansk\u00e9 praktiky.<\/h6>\n<p>V p\u0159edve\u010der 13. prosince vesnick\u00e1 staven\u00ed obch\u00e1zely tajemn\u00e9 \u017eensk\u00e9 bytosti, zvan\u00e9 Lucie, Lucky. Sv\u00fdm \u00faborem (b\u00edl\u00fdmi \u0161aty, zamou\u010den\u00fdmi obli\u010deji) byly podobn\u00e9 Barbork\u00e1m, nav\u00edc nosily r\u016fznou ozdobu hlavy &#8211; n\u00e1dobu na ml\u00e9ko, \u010dap\u00ed zob\u00e1k, ko\u0148skou hlavu. Byly m\u00e1lo laskav\u00e9 a u d\u011bt\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e budily strach. Cel\u00fd ritu\u00e1l symbolizuje konec celoro\u010dn\u00ed ne\u010distoty. Podle nejstar\u0161\u00ed dochovan\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy o obch\u016fzk\u00e1ch Lucek v d\u00edle Jana Jakuba Ryby z roku 1804 tyto maskovan\u00e9 bytosti u sebe nosily dlouh\u00fd n\u016f\u017e a stra\u0161ily d\u011bti, \u017ee pokud se b\u011bhem adventu nepost\u00ed, rozp\u00e1\u0159ou jim b\u0159icho a napln\u00ed jim ho kroupami.<\/p>\n<p>Svat\u00e1 Lucie, jej\u00ed\u017e sv\u00e1tek p\u0159ipad\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b na 13. prosince, je historicky dolo\u017eenou postavou. Narodila se v z\u00e1mo\u017en\u00e9 rodin\u011b v sicilsk\u00fdch Syrakus\u00e1ch. Od d\u011btstv\u00ed byla tajnou k\u0159es\u0165ankou a slo\u017eila slib v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 \u010distoty. Kdy\u017e j\u00ed matka dojednala s\u0148atek s bohat\u00fdm pohansk\u00fdm mlad\u00edkem, Lucie s\u0148atek odm\u00edtla a svoje v\u011bno rozdala chud\u00fdm. Ura\u017een\u00fd n\u00e1padn\u00edk ji \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm udal jako k\u0159es\u0165anku. Lucie byla krut\u011b mu\u010dena a nakonec usmrcena. Podle jin\u00e9 legendy nebyla Lucie tak krut\u011b mu\u010dena, ale proto\u017ee odm\u00edtla ob\u011btovat pohansk\u00fdm boh\u016fm a z\u0159\u00edci se sv\u00e9 v\u00edry, m\u011bla b\u00fdt odvezena do nev\u011bstince povozem ta\u017een\u00fdm voly. Ale kdy\u017e d\u00edvka usedla na v\u016fz, nikdo s n\u00edm nemohl pohnout. Rozezlen\u00fd kat j\u00ed proto na m\u00edst\u011b pod\u0159\u00edzl hrdlo. Stalo se tak 13. prosince roku 304.<\/p>\n<p>V 5. stolet\u00ed byla Lucie prohl\u00e1\u0161ena za svatou a stala se patronkou m\u011bsta Syrakus. Je uct\u00edv\u00e1na p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v It\u00e1lii, kde se ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b konaj\u00ed proces\u00ed se zap\u00e1len\u00fdmi sv\u011btly. Mnoho lid\u00ed se k n\u00ed tak\u00e9 obrac\u00ed s prosbou o uzdraven\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed, co\u017e souvis\u00ed op\u011bt s legendou &#8211; mlad\u00edk, kter\u00fd si cht\u011bl Lucii vz\u00edt, na n\u00ed obdivoval nejv\u00edce o\u010di. Lucie si je vydloubla a n\u00e1padn\u00edkovi poslala na podnose. Neoslepla ale, zrak se j\u00ed vr\u00e1til&#8230; Svat\u00e1 Lucie je patronkou mnoha \u0159emesel \u2013 nap\u0159. \u0161vadlen, ko\u010d\u00edch a sklen\u00e1\u0159\u016f, lid ji v minulosti tak\u00e9 pova\u017eoval za ochr\u00e1nkyni proti \u010darod\u011bjnic\u00edm. Na severov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Morav\u011b v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b na sv\u00e1tek sv. Lucie se na Radho\u0161ti shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed \u010darod\u011bjnice. Proto hospodyn\u011b d\u00e1valy od svat\u00e9 Lucie do Bo\u017e\u00edho hodu v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho ka\u017ed\u00fd den dobytku kousek za\u0159\u00edkan\u00e9ho t\u011bsta sm\u00edchan\u00e9ho se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm ko\u0159en\u00edm. Ve Slezsku zase d\u00e1vali stranou a\u017e do \u0160t\u011bdr\u00e9ho dne ka\u017ed\u00fd den jedno poleno \u2013 s nimi se pak topilo na \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den a v\u011b\u0159ilo se, \u017ee ochr\u00e1n\u00ed staven\u00ed p\u0159ed \u010darod\u011bjnicemi. Ze stejn\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu se nad vraty chl\u00e9va d\u011blaly sv\u011bcenou vodou t\u0159i k\u0159\u00ed\u017eky.<\/p>\n<p>Velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 je po\u0159ekadlo \u201cSvat\u00e1 Lucie noci upije\u201d, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo znamenat, \u017ee od tohoto dne by se m\u011bl zimn\u00ed den prodlu\u017eovat a noc zkracovat. Toto se ale d\u011bje a\u017e od zimn\u00edho slunovratu, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 21. prosinec. Rozd\u00edl mezi zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdm po\u0159ekadlem a skute\u010dnost\u00ed vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z nesrovnalost\u00ed mezi star\u0161\u00edm juli\u00e1nsk\u00fdm kalend\u00e1\u0159em a skute\u010dn\u00fdm slune\u010dn\u00edm \u010dasem. Juli\u00e1nsk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 se toti\u017e posunoval ka\u017ed\u00fdch 128 let zhruba o jeden den dop\u0159edu ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se skute\u010dn\u00fdm \u010dasem a sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9 Lucie tak v ur\u010dit\u00fdch letech p\u0159ipadal podle kalend\u00e1\u0159e na den zimn\u00edho slunovratu. Propo\u010dty lze zjistit, \u017ee po\u0159ekadlo o up\u00edjen\u00ed noc\u00ed svatou Luci\u00ed muselo vzniknout ve 14.\u201315. stolet\u00ed; po zaveden\u00ed gregori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159estalo platit, ale lidov\u00e1 \u00fastn\u00ed tradice ho p\u0159esto d\u00e1le uchovala.<\/p>\n<p>Svat\u00e1 Lucie se u n\u00e1s v\u017edy spojovala s p\u0159eden\u00edm lnu. Nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zvyky, obch\u016fzky masek i kontrola tradi\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1kaz\u016f byly z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed \u017een a d\u00edvek. Noc p\u0159ed svatou Luci\u00ed je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro kouzla. Ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u00e1 sn\u00edst kousek \u010desneku, aby mu nemohla \u010darod\u011bjnice ubl\u00ed\u017eit. Toho dne nesm\u00ed tak\u00e9 \u017eena vstoupit do domu jako prvn\u00ed. Podle po\u010das\u00ed od Lucie do v\u00e1noc se p\u0159edpov\u00eddalo, jak\u00fd bude p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok &#8211; ka\u017ed\u00fd den znamenal jeden m\u011bs\u00edc! Svobodn\u00e9 d\u00edvky si na Lucii napsaly t\u0159in\u00e1ct l\u00edste\u010dk\u016f se jm\u00e9ny mu\u017e\u016f, krom\u011b jednoho, kde bylo slovo \u201enezn\u00e1m\u00fd\u201c ka\u017ed\u00fd den a\u017e do v\u00e1noc jeden l\u00edstek sp\u00e1lily a kter\u00fd jim z\u016fstal, to m\u011bl b\u00fdt jejich \u017eenich. Mu\u017ei m\u011bli zas jin\u00fd \u010darod\u011bjn\u00fd zvyk. Dal\u0161\u00ed pov\u011bra nab\u00e1dala zhotovit mezi sv\u00e1tkem sv. Lucie a Bo\u017e\u00edm hodem v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed stoli\u010dku. Na desce v\u0161ak musel b\u00fdt suk. Ten pak hospod\u00e1\u0159, ne\u017e \u0161el na Bo\u017e\u00ed hod na rann\u00ed m\u0161i do kostela, vyrazil a stoli\u010dku vzal s sebou. Kdy\u017e se pak otvorem po suku pod\u00edval od hlavn\u00edho olt\u00e1\u0159e po sousedk\u00e1ch, hned mu bylo jasn\u00e9, kter\u00e1 je \u010darod\u011bjnice (zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b kdy\u017e se pod\u00edval na tu, kterou nesn\u00e1\u0161el).<\/p>\n<p>Sv\u00e1tek sv. Lucie pat\u0159il p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u017een\u00e1m a d\u00edvk\u00e1m a snad aby si trochu odpo\u010dinuly, nesm\u011bly v tento den p\u0159\u00edst ani dr\u00e1t pe\u0159\u00ed. Na \u0160umav\u011b vyn\u00e1\u0161ely p\u0159adleny toho dne dokonce kolovraty ze sv\u011btnice na p\u016fdu. V\u011b\u0159ilo se, \u017ee p\u0159adlen\u011b, kter\u00e1 tento z\u00e1kaz neuposlechne, napln\u00ed svat\u00e1 Lucie sv\u011btnici pr\u00e1zdn\u00fdmi v\u0159eteny, kter\u00e9 je pak nutno obratem nap\u0159\u00edsti. V mnoha vs\u00edch kontrolovaly \u017eeny p\u0159evle\u010den\u00e9 za Lucie dom\u00e1cnosti a pokud zastihly n\u011bjakou hospodyni p\u0159i dran\u00ed pe\u0159\u00ed nebo p\u0159eden\u00ed lnu, okam\u017eit\u011b j\u00ed \u010dinnost p\u0159ekazily \u2013 pe\u0159\u00ed rozfoukaly, ku\u017eel s p\u0159edivem odnesly&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>V ji\u017en\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch tradi\u010dn\u011b obch\u00e1zelo \u0161est Lucek. Prvn\u00ed nesla figur\u00ednu d\u00edt\u011bte, druh\u00e1 m\u011bla hadr a kart\u00e1\u010d, t\u0159et\u00ed metlu, \u010dtvrt\u00e1 ko\u0161\u00edk s pamlsky, p\u00e1t\u00e1 mal\u00ed\u0159skou \u0161t\u011btku a \u0161est\u00e1 byla p\u0159evle\u010dena za kn\u011bze. Po vstupu do obydl\u00ed pozdravily, prvn\u00ed s d\u00edt\u011btem usedla na stoli\u010dku a houpala jej, druh\u00e1 p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bla myt\u00ed podlahy, t\u0159et\u00ed metlou popoh\u00e1n\u011bla d\u011bti, aby se modlily, \u010dtvrt\u00e1 je obdarov\u00e1vala, p\u00e1t\u00e1 p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bla malov\u00e1n\u00ed a Lucka jako kn\u011bz vykropila obydl\u00ed za neust\u00e1l\u00e9ho modlen\u00ed&#8230; Pon\u011bkud veselej\u0161\u00ed roli m\u011bly Lucky jako hrbat\u00e9 \u017eeny s maskou na obli\u010deji a va\u0159e\u010dkou na \u0161k\u00e1dlen\u00ed ml\u00e1de\u017ee. N\u011bkde tak\u00e9 Lucky p\u0159epadaly mu\u017ee v hospod\u011b u piva, nat\u00edraly je kolomaz\u00ed a ho\u0159\u010dic\u00ed, zasyp\u00e1valy je moukou a \u0161\u0165ouchaly va\u0159e\u010dkami.<\/p>\n<p>Lucie je tak\u00e9 pova\u017eov\u00e1na za symbol \u010distoty, proto Lucky \u010dasto kontrolovaly, zda maj\u00ed hospodyn\u011b p\u0159ed V\u00e1noci uklizeno \u2013 nosily s sebou peroutku nebo ko\u0161t\u011b a ve staven\u00edch vymetaly pavu\u010diny. Ze \u0160umavy, os\u00eddlen\u00e9 n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi obyvateli, se dochovaly zm\u00ednky o masce naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 Lutzl. Tajemn\u00e1 osoba Lutzl kontroloval, jestli byly sn\u011bdeny v\u0161echny knedl\u00edky. Pro v\u00fdstrahu nos\u00edval u sebe velk\u00fd n\u016f\u017e. Na den sv\u00e1tku sv. Lucie se ale podle tradice knedl\u00edky jedly, tak nem\u011bl v\u011bt\u0161inou koho potrestat a lidem byl sp\u00ed\u0161e k sm\u00edchu a odmaskov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>Lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee Lucie chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed \u010darod\u011bjnicemi, kter\u00e9 se v tento den sl\u00e9t\u00e1valy. Panovalo mnoho pov\u011br a lidi se cht\u011bli chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed zlou moc\u00ed \u010darod\u011bjnic. Na tento den si m\u011bl hospod\u00e1\u0159 vyrobit d\u0159ev\u011bnou stoli\u010dku s otvorem, kter\u00fdm kdy\u017e se pod\u00edval na \u017eeny, hned poznal, kter\u00e1 je \u010darod\u011bjnice. Ani takhle v\u00fdznamn\u00fd den by se neobe\u0161el bez pov\u011br. Hospody\u0148ky v\u011b\u0159ily, \u017ee kdy\u017e daj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd den stranou kousek t\u011bsta s ko\u0159en\u00edm, vyhnou se tak kontaktu s \u010darod\u011bjnicemi. Jinde se ka\u017ed\u00fd den odlo\u017eilo bokem jedno poleno a pak se ze v\u0161ech ud\u011blal ohe\u0148, kter\u00fd m\u011bl zabr\u00e1nit zl\u00fdm mocem v hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zdroj:<\/strong> Toufar, Pavel: \u010cesk\u00fd rok na vsi a ve m\u011bst\u011b. T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010d 2004. Vondru\u0161kov\u00e1, Alena: \u010cesk\u00e9 zvyky a oby\u010deje. Praha 2004. Langhammerov\u00e1, Ji\u0159ina: \u010ctvero ro\u010dn\u00edch obdob\u00ed v lidov\u00e9 tradici. Praha 2008<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; My <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":331479,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/12\/ram-o-lucii.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210785"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=210785"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210785\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":331478,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/210785\/revisions\/331478"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/331479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=210785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=210785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=210785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}