{"id":209710,"date":"2022-11-25T22:41:19","date_gmt":"2022-11-25T21:41:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=209710"},"modified":"2022-11-25T22:41:19","modified_gmt":"2022-11-25T21:41:19","slug":"stara-sumava-v-case-adventnim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=209710","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: V \u010dase adventn\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Advent a V\u00e1noce<\/h6>\n

\u0158eknu-li advent, ozve se<\/em>
\n t\u00f3n v nitru, hlas o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed –<\/em>
\n jak d\u00edt\u011b \u010dek\u00e1m, co zas p\u0159inese<\/em>
\n \u010das, o n\u011bm\u017e v\u00edm, \u017ee spln\u00ed d\u00e1vn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/em>
\n Za dve\u0159mi svitne, pouh\u00fd okam\u017eik<\/em>
\n a bohat\u0161\u00ed jsem, Bo\u017ee, o kolik<\/em>
\n \u010das zpomalil se, v oknech kvete mr\u00e1z,<\/em>
\n d\u016fv\u011brn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 v\u016fn\u011b c\u00edt\u00edm zas.<\/em>
\n \u0158eknu-li V\u00e1noce, pak v\u00edm,<\/em>
\n \u017ee v\u0161echno, co mne t\u00edsn\u00ed, mine,<\/em>
\n sv\u011bt zm\u011bn\u00ed barvy, je p\u0159ekryt b\u00edl\u00fdm st\u00ednem<\/em>
\n nad lesy v sp\u00e1nku. Jen ob\u010das set\u0159ese<\/em>
\n n\u011bkter\u00e1 v\u011btev ti\u0161e, co ji t\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/em>
\n To zem\u011b zmlk\u00e1, poselstv\u00edm<\/em>
\n z\u00e1zraku, kter\u00fd stane se<\/em>
\n a v poko\u0159e a v \u00fa\u017easu se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n

\nSlovo advent poch\u00e1z\u00ed z latinsk\u00e9ho adventus, tedy p\u0159\u00edchod. K\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 tuto dobu vn\u00edmaj\u00ed jako dobu radostn\u00e9ho o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchodu spasitele. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu lid\u00ed je obdob\u00ed adventu jedn\u00edm z nejhekti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v roce a p\u0159itom je adventn\u00ed a v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed \u010das dobou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, v pr\u016fb\u011bhu roku zcela jedine\u010dnou.<\/h6>\n

V\u00e1noce jsou pro mnoh\u00e9, ne-li pro v\u0161echny, podn\u011btem k vzpom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed. Sch\u00e1z\u00ed se rodiny, nav\u0161t\u011bvuj\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed. A pr\u00e1v\u011b vzpom\u00ednky p\u0159i t\u011bchto setk\u00e1n\u00edch mohou b\u00fdt uji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm, \u017ee a\u010d nebylo nikdy na sv\u011bt\u011b zcela dob\u0159e, lze pro\u017e\u00edvat i nad\u011bji a o\u010dek\u00e1vat mnoho dobr\u00e9ho. Vzpom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee podporovat nad\u011bji. A nad\u011bje dod\u00e1v\u00e1 \u017eivotu s\u00edlu. Adventn\u00ed obdob\u00ed se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dasem o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00e9ho i bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edho se obdarov\u00e1n\u00ed. V dob\u00e1ch minul\u00fdch byl advent spojen sp\u00ed\u0161e s p\u0159\u00edpravami a o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm na p\u0159\u00edchod Spasitele. Ob\u010dan\u00e9 rozj\u00edmali, modlili se, dr\u017eeli p\u016fst, kter\u00fdm vyjad\u0159ovali z\u00e1rmutek zesnul\u00fdm a \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 truchlen\u00ed po nich. Toto pok\u00e1n\u00ed bylo dodr\u017eov\u00e1no dle Star\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n

Naproti tomu Nov\u00fd z\u00e1kon p\u016fst odm\u00edtal a tvrdil, \u017ee prosp\u011bje pouze k o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bla. Dle tohoto z\u00e1kona advent trv\u00e1 40 dn\u00ed, od sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9ho Martina. K\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 dr\u017eeli p\u016fst v\u017edy v pond\u011bl\u00ed, ve st\u0159edu a v p\u00e1tek a po cel\u00fd advent jej dodr\u017eovali pouze \u0159eholn\u00edci. Ov\u0161em tyto zvyky se m\u011bnily po \u010das doby a tak\u00e9 v z\u00e1vislosti na r\u016fzn\u00fdch c\u00edrkv\u00edch. Adventn\u00edch a v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch tradic b\u00fdvalo na star\u00e9 \u0160umav\u011b mnoho. V adventu horsk\u00fdch vs\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dv\u011b jasn\u00e9 noci. Temn\u011b rud\u00e1 noc na svat\u00e9ho Ond\u0159eje, pln\u00e1 potla\u010dovan\u00fdch d\u00edv\u010d\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. A noc na svatou Lucii, v n\u00ed\u017e sv\u011btice s d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdm no\u017eem putuje ode dvora ke dvoru. Dne\u0161n\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 u\u017e je nedodr\u017euj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1vn\u00e9 oby\u010deje si s sebou odnesli vyhnan\u00ed horalov\u00e9. Bolest, kter\u00e1 \u0161la nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d lidmi, k\u0159ivdy i smutek st\u00e1le nejsou \u00fapln\u011b vyl\u00e9\u010den\u00e9, n\u00e1hodn\u00fd \u0161umavsk\u00fd poutn\u00edk je v\u0161ak nezaznamen\u00e1. R\u016fzn\u00e9 oby\u010deje dom\u00e1cnosti v\u0161ak dodr\u017eovaly ji\u017e od za\u010d\u00e1tku adventu. Jakmile \u0160umavu zasypal sn\u00edh a brzy se stm\u00edvalo, lid\u00e9 se nave\u010der sch\u00e1zeli v chalup\u00e1ch u rozp\u00e1len\u00fdch kamen a vypr\u00e1v\u011bli si r\u016fzn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky, p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy a poh\u00e1dky. N\u011bkdy p\u0159ed\u010d\u00edtali z Bible nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bli legendy o sv\u011btc\u00edch. Obyvatel\u00e9 \u0161umavsk\u00fdch hor nemohli chyb\u011bt na c\u00edrkevn\u00edch ob\u0159adech. Pro lidi bylo skute\u010dn\u011b velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro\u017e\u00edt adventn\u00ed pobo\u017enosti. \u00da\u010dastnili se j\u00ed v jakoukoli hodinu. Far\u00e1\u0159 byl toti\u017e z Ka\u0161persk\u00fdch Hor a trvalo d\u00e9le, ne\u017e farnost v z\u00e1v\u011bj\u00edch obe\u0161el. \u010cas adventu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mnohdy je\u0161t\u011b kr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e samotn\u00e9 V\u00e1noce, proto\u017ee je to \u010das t\u011b\u0161en\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edprav a radostn\u00e9ho o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Pokud se um\u00edme rozhodnout, co je v na\u0161em \u017eivot\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, a nenech\u00e1me se pohltit zbyte\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm stresem, m\u016f\u017eeme pro\u017e\u00edt advent v klidu, s p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edpravami, kter\u00e9 si sami vybereme.<\/p>\n

Podle nejstar\u0161\u00edho zp\u016fsobu d\u011blen\u00ed roku se rozli\u0161ovala dv\u011b obdob\u00ed: zima a l\u00e9to, ohrani\u010den\u00e1 jarn\u00ed a podzimn\u00ed rovnodennost\u00ed. To ur\u010dovalo zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed a povahy oby\u010dej\u016f.<\/p>\n

Do zimn\u00edho \u010dasu, jen\u017e byl spojov\u00e1n s aktivitou nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch sil, se soust\u0159e\u010fovaly ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fakony na ochranu p\u0159ed nimi. Ne\u017e vznikl samotn\u00fd pojem advent a prov\u00e1zanost s c\u00edrkv\u00ed, lid\u00e9 toto obdob\u00ed i p\u0159esto velmi uct\u00edvali a podd\u00e1vali se nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zvyklostem. K velmi star\u00fdm projev\u016fm pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed ob\u011bt\u00ed, v nich\u017e se zra\u010d\u00ed d\u00e1vn\u00e9 uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch \u017eivl\u016f a bo\u017estev; takov\u00fdmi ob\u011btinami byly vejce, chl\u00e9b, pe\u010divo, prvotiny \u00farody. K n\u011bkter\u00fdm dn\u016fm tradi\u010dn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e se v\u00e1zaly v\u011b\u0161tby vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se k po\u010das\u00ed, k \u00farod\u011b, k lidsk\u00fdm osud\u016fm. Ob\u0159adn\u00ed \u00fakony, kter\u00e9 slou\u017eily k prosp\u011bchu obce, prov\u00e1d\u011bla \u010dasto dosp\u011bl\u00e1 ml\u00e1de\u017e a dost\u00e1vala pak odm\u011bnu za svou slu\u017ebu, kterou spole\u010dn\u011b vyu\u017eila.<\/p>\n

Teprve pozd\u011bji se staly oby\u010deje p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pro chudobn\u00e9 vyb\u00edrat pen\u00edze a natur\u00e1lie k individu\u00e1ln\u00edmu pou\u017eit\u00ed. P\u0159irozen\u00fdm mezn\u00edkem po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasu a nejstar\u0161\u00edm po\u010d\u00e1tkem kalend\u00e1\u0159e byl zimn\u00ed slunovrat. K\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd rok za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 adventem, kter\u00fd je prvn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159i ned\u011ble p\u0159ed sv\u00e1tkem narozen\u00ed P\u00e1n\u011b \u2013 Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista. Samotn\u00fd advent je pova\u017eov\u00e1n jako doba klidu a rozj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, teprve a\u017e narozen\u00edm Krista se navrac\u00ed zp\u011bt mnohdy chyb\u00edc\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00e9 radov\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n

Pan Franti\u0161ek Barto\u0161 v knize Moravsk\u00fd lid p\u00ed\u0161e k tomuto obdob\u00ed: V advent m\u00e1 se m\u00e1lo mluviti: jako Kristus P\u00e1n byl v \u017eivot\u011b blahoslaven\u00e9 Rodi\u010dky zav\u0159en, tak zav\u0159ena maj\u00ed b\u00fdti \u00fasta. T\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b ov\u0161em sm\u00ed se tan\u010diti. Kdyby kdo v advent tan\u010dil, opadalo by mu ovoce. P\u00edsn\u011b sv\u011btsk\u00e9 na p\u0159\u00e1stk\u00e1ch nahrad\u00ed se svat\u00fdmi, adventn\u00edmi. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch p\u011bj\u00ed d\u011bti cel\u00fd advent ve\u010der pod okny koledy v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed, jimi\u017e se touha po narozen\u00ed Spasitelov\u011b vyjad\u0159uje, a jin\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b adventn\u00ed. V biblick\u00e9m vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o Pann\u011b Marii hledaj\u00edc\u00ed noclehu maj\u00ed n\u00e1m\u011bt adventn\u00ed pr\u016fvody \u017een se so\u0161kou Panny Marie. Chodily s n\u00ed po dev\u011bt ve\u010der\u016f p\u0159ed \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fdm dnem, po cest\u011b zp\u00edvaly mari\u00e1nsk\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b a v\u017edy v dom\u011b, kde m\u011bla Panna Maria tu noc p\u0159eb\u00fdvat, m\u011bly u so\u0161ky pobo\u017enost. Posledn\u00ed sousedka ji pak opatrovala a\u017e do Hromnic. <\/em><\/p>\n

Pov\u011bsti, poh\u00e1dky a lidov\u00e9 pov\u00edda\u010dky k v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm sv\u00e1tk\u016fm oded\u00e1vna pat\u0159\u00ed. Jsou toho d\u016fkazem nejen tyto prastar\u00e9 pov\u011bsti. V\u017edy\u0165 i dnes k v\u00e1noc\u016fm pat\u0159\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed poh\u00e1dky. Pr\u00e1v\u011b b\u011bhem adventu by si m\u011bli lid\u00e9 d\u00e1t do po\u0159\u00e1dku sv\u00e9 sv\u011bdom\u00ed ve vztahu k bl\u00edzk\u00fdm, k druh\u00fdm lidem i sv\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010di \u017eivotu. Advent je doba, kdy by m\u011bl \u010dlov\u011bk kolem sebe \u0161\u00ed\u0159it nad\u011bji a radost. Poda\u0159\u00ed se v\u00e1m to letos?<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Frolec V\u00e1clav a kol. – V\u00e1noce v \u010desk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e. Praha: Vy\u0161ehrad, 1988, Advent v Ottov\u011b slovn\u00edku nau\u010dn\u00e9m, Maria Schmidt autor p\u0159eklad\u016f a \u010desk\u00fdch text\u016f Jan Mare\u0161, elektronick\u00e1 verze Ivo Kare\u0161 Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Advent <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":268060,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/25\/r\u00e1m-v-\u010dase.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209710"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=209710"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":268059,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209710\/revisions\/268059"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/268060"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=209710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=209710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=209710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}