{"id":209708,"date":"2025-12-02T23:29:19","date_gmt":"2025-12-02T22:29:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=209708"},"modified":"2025-12-06T14:33:21","modified_gmt":"2025-12-06T13:33:21","slug":"pratele-ceskych-tradic-mikulasska-obchuzka-5-prosince-a-svaty-mikulas-6-prosince","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=209708","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c9 TRADICE: Mikul\u00e1\u0161sk\u00e1 obch\u016fzka 5. prosince a svat\u00fd Mikul\u00e1\u0161 6. prosince"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mikul\u00e1\u0161 s doprovodem p\u0159i\u0161el do vesnick\u00e9 chalupy – obr\u00e1zek Josefa Lady<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
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P\u0159edve\u010der sv\u00e1tku svat\u00e9ho Mikul\u00e1\u0161e, tedy 5. prosince, je ve znamen\u00ed v\u00edry v bohatstv\u00ed a chod\u00ed Mikul\u00e1\u0161, \u010dert a and\u011bl. V\u0161echny t\u0159i postavy maj\u00ed nezastupitelnou funkci.<\/h6>\n

Mikul\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159edstavuje \u0161t\u011bdrost a dobro, and\u011bl pravdu a \u010dert odn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 zlob\u00ed a nemaj\u00ed \u00factu k dosp\u011bl\u00fdm, do pekla. Mikul\u00e1\u0161 se pt\u00e1 and\u011bla jestli byly d\u011bti opravdu hodn\u00e9 a odm\u011b\u0148uje sladkostmi a ovocem pouze ty, kter\u00e9 jsou slu\u0161n\u00e9, maj\u00ed \u00factu k rodi\u010d\u016fm a v\u011b\u0159\u00ed v dobro. \u010cert naopak zlob\u00ed a stra\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed p\u0159ed ni\u010d\u00edm respekt a bere je do pekla (do pytle). Ale kdy\u017e zlobiv\u00e9 d\u011bti sl\u00edb\u00ed, \u017ee budou cel\u00fd rok hodn\u00e9, tak dostanou uhl\u00ed a brambory a odm\u011bnou jim je, \u017ee je \u010dert neodnese a hlavn\u011b \u017ee jim je odpu\u0161t\u011bno.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem dne p\u0159i \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na ve\u010der se d\u011bti mohou nau\u010dit modlitbi\u010dku pro and\u011bla:<\/strong><\/h6>\n

And\u011bl\u00ed\u010dku m\u016fj str\u00e1\u017en\u00ed\u010dku,<\/em>
\n opatruj mi mou du\u0161i\u010dku,<\/em>
\n opatruj ji ve dne v noci,<\/em>
\n ochra\u0148uj ji od zl\u00e9 moci,<\/em>
\n t\u011blo, du\u0161i opatruj,<\/em>
\n And\u011bl\u00ed\u010dku str\u00e1\u017ece m\u016fj.<\/em><\/p>\n

Z historie:<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Obch\u016fzky \u010derta, and\u011bla a Mikul\u00e1\u0161e jsou v na\u0161\u00ed tradici zako\u0159en\u011bny velice dlouho. Prvn\u00ed dochovan\u00e9 z\u00e1pisy m\u00e1me ze 14. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V n\u011bkter\u00fdch kraj\u00edch se konaly mikul\u00e1\u0161sk\u00e9 pr\u016fvody, kter\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na koncem 19.stolet\u00ed byly velice obl\u00edben\u00e9 a po\u010detn\u00e9. V mikul\u00e1\u0161sk\u00fdch pr\u016fvodech nesm\u011bli chyb\u011bt je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed figury, kup\u0159\u00edkladu komin\u00edk, selka, sedl\u00e1k, ras, dragoun s \u201ekon\u011bm\u201c.<\/p>\n

Do sv\u011btnice vstoupil \u010dert, and\u011bl a posledn\u00ed Mikul\u00e1\u0161 v biskupsk\u00e9 mit\u0159e. D\u011bti poklekly a modlili se, Mikul\u00e1\u0161 pochv\u00e1lil jejich modlitby, zeptal se and\u011bla, zda byly opravdu hodn\u00e9 a \u010dert si mezi t\u00edm na n\u011b brousil zuby.<\/p>\n

Mikul\u00e1\u0161 v kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m proslovu hospod\u00e1\u0159i ulo\u017eil \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 pe\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed o d\u00edtka a u\u010dit je v\u00ed\u0159e a pak je obdaroval su\u0161en\u00fdm ovocem, o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky i pern\u00edky. Hospod\u00e1\u0159 vlo\u017eil trojici do pokladni\u010dky p\u00e1r krejcar\u016f, z\u00e1mo\u017en\u00fd i zlatku. N\u00e1sledoval rej masek a obch\u016fzka mohla pokra\u010dovat. Rej masek byl p\u0159esn\u011b stanoven a sehr\u00e1valy se dan\u00e9 sc\u00e9nky, na kter\u00e9 se v\u0161ichni ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b t\u011b\u0161ili.<\/p>\n

Nesm\u011bly nikde chyb\u011bt Mikul\u00e1\u0161sk\u00e9 trhy, na kter\u00fdch bylo k dost\u00e1n\u00ed su\u0161en\u00e9 ovoce, su\u0161enky, precl\u00edky, rozli\u010dn\u00e9 pe\u010divo, pern\u00edky, drobn\u00e9 hra\u010dky a typick\u00e9 figurky \u010derta, and\u011bla a Mikul\u00e1\u0161e z marcip\u00e1nov\u00e9ho t\u011bsta, \u010dokol\u00e1dy, \u010di pern\u00edku. Tak\u00e9 byly obl\u00edben\u00e9 postavi\u010dky \u010dert\u016f vyroben\u00e9 ze su\u0161en\u00fdch \u0161vestek a \u0161pejl\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Hospodyn\u011b v tento den pekly tzv. mikul\u00e1\u0161sk\u00fd v\u011bnec, kter\u00fd byl spl\u00e9tan\u00fd z kynut\u00e9ho t\u011bsta a po upe\u010den\u00ed zdoben do patra na \u0161pejle nap\u00edchan\u00fdm su\u0161en\u00fdm ovocem.<\/p>\n

Mnohem v\u00edce o podstat\u011b toho sv\u00e1tku a cel\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 tradici se dozv\u00edte v knize Na\u0161e tradice od L. Paterko.
\nJak to vypadalo v dob\u00e1ch minul\u00fdch se zase dozv\u00edte v knize od K. Skopov\u00e9 – V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00e1tky o stolet\u00ed zp\u00e1tky a Rok na vsi a V. Vondru\u0161ky C\u00edrkevn\u00ed rok a lidov\u00e9 oby\u010deje.<\/p>\n

Kdyby si n\u011bkdo cht\u011bl po\u010d\u00edst o svat\u00e9m Mikul\u00e1\u0161i jako sv\u011btci, zde je jeho \u017eivotopis: http:\/\/catholica.cz\/?id=4836<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Vlastimil Vondru\u0161ka \u2013 C\u00edrkevn\u00ed rok a lidov\u00e9 oby\u010deje
\nLadislava Paterko \u2013 Na\u0161e Tradice a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky a semin\u00e1\u0159e<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravila: Barbora ORS\u00c1GOV\u00c1<\/strong><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  P\u0159edve\u010der <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":268659,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/04\/r\u00e1m-obch\u016fzka.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209708"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=209708"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209708\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":363102,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/209708\/revisions\/363102"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/268659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=209708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=209708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=209708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}