{"id":208846,"date":"2023-11-21T19:58:26","date_gmt":"2023-11-21T18:58:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=208846"},"modified":"2023-11-22T10:10:53","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T09:10:53","slug":"stara-sumava-tradice-svate-cecilie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=208846","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Tradice svat\u00e9 Cec\u00edlie"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Vrac\u00edme do \u010das\u016f, kdy zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b na venkov\u011b byla t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce spojena s nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zvyky, p\u00edsn\u011bmi a \u00fakony, kdy ka\u017ed\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed s sebou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161elo jin\u00e9 oby\u010deje, p\u00edsn\u011b, z\u00e1bavy a povinnosti, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na venkov\u011b a v mal\u00fdch m\u011bstech neodmysliteln\u011b pat\u0159ily k rodinn\u00e9mu i spole\u010densk\u00e9mu \u017eivotu. Star\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly a oslavy o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchodu nov\u00e9ho roku byly v dob\u011b p\u0159edk\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 mnohem \u017eiveln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, buja\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed a hlu\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, spojen\u00e9 s hostinami, tancem a v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm vesel\u00edm.<\/h6>\n

V k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9m vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak toto bylo z valn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti nep\u0159ijateln\u00e9, a proto se zru\u0161ilo \u010di se p\u0159em\u011bnilo v duchu tich\u00e9ho pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho adventu. Ale p\u0159esto\u017ee se doba zklidnila, zv\u00e1\u017en\u011bla a naplnila se a\u017e \u201cmalebnou\u201d atmosf\u00e9rou velk\u00e9ho o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, lidov\u00e9 obch\u016fzky v\u017edy z\u016fstaly ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed adventn\u00edho \u010dasu a to a\u017e do 19. stolet\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 zrychlen\u00fd tep doby, dv\u011b hrozn\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky i dal\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, znamenaly postupn\u00fd z\u00e1nik t\u011bchto kratochv\u00edl. A tak bychom mohli pokra\u010dovat d\u00e1le. Ale nechme ji\u017e st\u00e1l\u00e9ho vzpom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed a lamentov\u00e1n\u00ed nad t\u00edm, jak bylo, a sp\u00ed\u0161e se zamysleme nad t\u00edm, co m\u016f\u017eeme ud\u011blat pro to, aby pro n\u00e1s a na\u0161e bl\u00edzk\u00e9 byl leto\u0161n\u00ed advent takov\u00fd, jak\u00fd ho chceme m\u00edt \u2013 pohodov\u00fd, sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed a hlavn\u011b klidn\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Podle legendy poch\u00e1zela ze star\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho rodu Cecili\u016f. Ji\u017e v ml\u00e1d\u00ed se stala horlivou k\u0159es\u0165ankou. Nosila sice \u0161aty odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed vzne\u0161en\u00e9mu stavu, ale pod n\u011b si obl\u00e9kala \u017e\u00edn\u011bnou ko\u0161ili. Nepotrp\u011bla si na z\u00e1bavy, ale u\u010dila se hudb\u011b a zp\u011bvu, aby takto mohla chv\u00e1lit Boha. Zav\u00e1zala se slibem v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9ho panenstv\u00ed. Sv. Cecilie pat\u0159\u00ed s dal\u0161\u00edmi, sv. Martinem a sv. Kate\u0159inou, mezi sv\u011btce spojen\u00e9 s lidov\u00fdmi oby\u010deji, kter\u00e9 si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me v p\u0159edadventn\u00ed dob\u011b.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee Sv. Cecilie byla hudebn\u011b nadan\u00e1 (stala se krom\u011b jin\u00e9ho patronkou chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 hudby a hudebn\u00edk\u016f), na\u0161i zbo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159edkov\u00e9 se cht\u011bli vyrovnat kn\u011b\u017esk\u00fdm sbor\u016fm zp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm \u017ealmy k oslav\u011b Bo\u017e\u00ed a tak vytvo\u0159ili zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed sbory laik\u016f (nekn\u011b\u017e\u00ed). Vznikaly v mnoha \u010desk\u00fdch a moravsk\u00fdch m\u011bstech v dob\u00e1ch jednotn\u00e9ho vyzn\u00e1n\u00ed od pol. 15. st. M\u011bly d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 m\u00edsto v kulturn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b t\u00e9 doby. \u010cleny sbor\u016f (k\u016fr\u016f) se st\u00e1vali nejen vzd\u011blan\u00ed m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u00e9 (odtud n\u00e1zev liter\u00e1ti), ale i \u0159emesln\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed um\u011bli zp\u00edvat. Jejich vnit\u0159n\u00ed organizace fungovala jako u cech\u016f. Stanovy jim ur\u010dovaly jako hlavn\u00ed povinnost zp\u011bv p\u0159i rann\u00edch m\u0161\u00edch o adventu a o zasv\u011bcen\u00fdch sv\u00e1tc\u00edch. Hudebn\u00edci nepou\u017e\u00edvali hlu\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, v\u00fdjimku m\u011bly \u201el\u00edbezn\u00e9 varhany\u201c, se kter\u00fdmi je sv. Cecilie \u010dasto zobrazov\u00e1na. Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlen platil p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek.<\/p>\n

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozvoj nastal v 15. a 16. st. Jejich p\u0159esn\u00fd po\u010det nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m, odhady hovo\u0159\u00ed asi o stu bratrstev v \u010cech\u00e1ch a asi o pades\u00e1ti na Morav\u011b. \u010clenov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvali bohat\u011b vyzdoben\u00e9 zp\u011bvn\u00edky. D\u00edky t\u011bmto sbor\u016fm z\u016fstaly zachov\u00e1ny i p\u0159es rabov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010cech \u0160v\u00e9dy v t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lce. Na den sv. Cec\u00edlie, patronky hudebn\u00edk\u016f (22. listopadu), sch\u00e1zeli se podle stanov \u010dlenov\u00e9 liter\u00e1tsk\u00fdch brat\u0159in, zp\u011bv\u00e1ck\u00fdch a hudebn\u00edch bratrstev k v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00edmu shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed. Tam po m\u0161i svat\u00e9 jednali o spolkov\u00fdch v\u011bcech, p\u0159ij\u00edmali nov\u00e9 \u010dleny, prohl\u00ed\u017eeli spolkov\u00e9 hudebn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, rozhodovali o podpo\u0159e nedu\u017eiv\u00fdch druh\u016f, vdov a sirotk\u016f. K ve\u010deru \u0161li do hospody, kde se konala vesel\u00e1 tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bava Cecilsk\u00e1, \u201eCecilka\u201c, na rozlou\u010denou s veselost\u00ed p\u0159ed adventem.<\/p>\n

Na Cecilku se chodilo jen tak a \u201enapolo\u201c sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u011b. Cecilka se slavila jako slavnost cel\u00e9 obce. Ba k p\u016flnoci p\u0159i\u0161li i ma\u0161kar\u00e1di, komin\u00edk, \u017eid s rancem, mlyn\u00e1\u0159, kov\u00e1\u0159 s harmonikou, chasn\u00edci v \u017eensk\u00fdch \u0161atech a skota\u010dili a dov\u00e1d\u011bli (komin\u00edk mlyn\u00e1\u0159e \u010dern\u00ed, mlyn\u00e1\u0159 ho moukou z pytl\u00edku posyp\u00e1v\u00e1 atd\u2026.).
\nO z\u00e1bav\u011b na sv. Cec\u00edlii se za v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho ticha p\u0159i zah\u00e1jen\u00ed v\u017edycky zp\u00edv\u00e1vala muzikantsk\u00e1 a kantorsk\u00e1 p\u00edse\u0148: 1. Slavn\u00fd ou\u0159ad u\u010ditelsk\u00fd, ten jest hoden v\u0161\u00ed v\u00e1\u017enosti; nebo\u0165 jejich slu\u017eba mil\u00e1 mezi and\u011ble se rovn\u00e1. – 2. Nez\u00e1vid\u011bjte jim pit\u00ed, jejich ou\u0159ad chce to m\u00edti, co oni se nak\u0159i\u010dej\u00ed, kdy\u017e v \u0161kol\u00e1ch d\u00edtky cvi\u010dej\u00ed. – 3. R\u00e1no k\u0159i\u010d\u00ed: \u201ePo\u010d\u00edtejte, pi\u0161te p\u00edsmo a rechnujte.\u201c Odpoledne zas s muzikou, tr\u00e1p\u00ed se chv\u00edli
\nvelikou. – 4. U\u010ditel\u00e9, ti kdy\u017e zem\u0159ou, p\u0159ed tr\u016fn Bo\u017e\u00ed hned si sednou, and\u011bl\u00e9 je p\u0159iv\u00edtaj\u00ed: V\u00edt\u00e1me v\u00e1s, kamar\u00e1di. – 5. A ta svat\u00e1 Cecilie, na varhany ukazuje, \u017ee bude muzic\u00edrovat, Bohu chv\u00e1lu a \u010dest vzd\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n

Po zaniknut\u00ed liter\u00e1tsk\u00fdch sbor\u016f a muzikantsk\u00fdch dru\u017ein zapom\u00ednalo se na patronku muzikant\u016f sv. Cec\u00edlii a m\u00edsto Cecilek se p\u0159enesly z\u00e1bavy na rozlou\u010denou p\u0159ed adventn\u00ed a v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed dobou na den sv. Kate\u0159iny ( 25. Listopadu). Ust\u00e1lil se zvyk, \u017ee \u017eeny a d\u00edvky postaraly se o poho\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed tane\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a o muzikanty. Legenda o svat\u00e9 Cecilii hudbou veleb\u00edc\u00ed Boha, se stala inspirac\u00ed pro \u0159adu um\u011blc\u016f od starov\u011bku do dne\u0161n\u00ed doby.<\/p>\n

Je p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1na na obrazech Raffaela Santiho, Petra Paula Rubense, Guida Reniho, pov\u00eddk\u00e1ch a b\u00e1sn\u00edch G. Chaucera a Johna Drydena, hudb\u011b G. F. H\u00e4ndela, Henry Purcella, Alessandra Scarlattiho, \u010dii skladateli sou\u010dasnosti Benjamina Brittena \u010di Ji\u0159\u00edho Stiv\u00edna.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> SCHAUBER Vera; SCHINDLER Hanns Michael. Rok se svat\u00fdmi, 2. vyd. Kosteln\u00ed Vyd\u0159\u00ed: Karmelit\u00e1nsk\u00e9 nakladatelstv\u00ed, 1997<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Vrac\u00edme <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":267591,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/19\/r\u00e1m-cec\u00edlie.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/208846"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=208846"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/208846\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":291739,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/208846\/revisions\/291739"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/267591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=208846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=208846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=208846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}