{"id":206359,"date":"2020-10-23T18:50:08","date_gmt":"2020-10-23T17:50:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=206359"},"modified":"2020-10-23T18:50:08","modified_gmt":"2020-10-23T17:50:08","slug":"dtest-i-z-uveru-muzete-uniknout","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=206359","title":{"rendered":"dTest: I z \u00fav\u011bru m\u016f\u017eete uniknout"},"content":{"rendered":"

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S bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edmi se V\u00e1noci se zvy\u0161uje intenzita nab\u00eddek nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u016fj\u010dek. Reklamn\u00ed sd\u011blen\u00ed lze \u010dasto shrnout slovy: nem\u00e1te pen\u00edze na d\u00e1rky? Vezm\u011bte si \u00fav\u011br, spl\u00e1cejte a moc se neptejte kolik a jak dlouho. \u0158ada lid\u00ed se tak zbyte\u010dn\u011b zadlu\u017euje. Nav\u00edc \u010dasto netu\u0161\u00ed, jak\u00e1 maj\u00ed pr\u00e1va a povinnosti.<\/h6>\n

\"\"Reklama je \u010dasto prvn\u00edm prost\u0159edkem sezn\u00e1men\u00ed se s \u00fav\u011brovou spole\u010dnost\u00ed. V\u011bd\u00ed to dob\u0159e i market\u00e9\u0159i, a proto z\u00e1kon o spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9m \u00fav\u011bru klade na poskytovatele a zprost\u0159edkovatele pom\u011brn\u011b p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky. V\u0161imli jste si n\u011bkdy v televizn\u00ed reklam\u011b te\u010dek a \u0161umu ve spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti obrazovky? V prakticky ne\u010diteln\u00e9m textu je ukryt povinn\u00fd reprezentativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad, jak by mohl \u00fav\u011br vypadat v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 situaci. Zkuste n\u011bkdy p\u0159ij\u00edt bl\u00ed\u017ee k obrazovce a p\u00e1r informac\u00ed zachytit, zam\u011b\u0159te se zejm\u00e9na na \u010d\u00eds\u00edlko s procenty. Mo\u017en\u00e1 si \u00fav\u011br rychle rozmysl\u00edte. V\u00fdsti\u017enost a reprezentativnost p\u0159\u00edkladu rovn\u011b\u017e neb\u00fdv\u00e1 vysok\u00e1 a na podm\u00ednky vychv\u00e1len\u00e9 reklamou dos\u00e1hne jen zlomek klient\u016f. Ostatn\u00ed maj\u00ed \u00fav\u011br v\u00fdrazn\u011b dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

F\u00edgle \u201e\u00fav\u011br\u00e1\u0159\u016f\u201c b\u00fdvaj\u00ed rafinovan\u00e9, a proto z\u00e1kon p\u0159ikazuje informovat o v\u0161ech aspektech smlouvy p\u0159ed jej\u00edm uzav\u0159en\u00edm. Informace si m\u016f\u017eete vy\u017e\u00e1dat na pap\u00ed\u0159e a posoudit je v klidu. \u201eZ\u00e1kon zn\u00e1 standardizovan\u00fd formul\u00e1\u0159, ve kter\u00e9m lze naj\u00edt pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 informace p\u0159ehledn\u011bji ne\u017e ve smlouv\u011b. Pokud ho ani na \u017e\u00e1dost nedostanete, poskytovatel nebo zprost\u0159edkovatel n\u011bco taj\u00ed a takov\u00e9 slu\u017eb\u011b se rad\u011bji vyhn\u011bte,\u201c<\/em> varuje Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1, \u0159editelka spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9 organizace dTest.<\/p>\n

Co mus\u00ed obsahovat smlouva o spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9m \u00fav\u011bru? P\u0159edn\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u00edsemn\u00e1 a jedno jej\u00ed vyhotoven\u00ed mus\u00edte v\u017edy dostat. Po\u017eadavk\u016f je mnohem v\u00edce, v\u0161echny jsou uvedeny v p\u0159\u00edloze z\u00e1kona o spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9m \u00fav\u011bru, nap\u0159\u00edklad doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed, \u00farokov\u00e1 sazba, RPSN, v\u00fd\u0161e, po\u010det a \u010detnost spl\u00e1tek \u010di ve\u0161ker\u00e9 souvisej\u00edc\u00ed poplatky. Kdyby n\u011bco chyb\u011blo, znamenalo by to, \u017ee smlouva se \u00faro\u010d\u00ed pouze diskontn\u00ed sazbou, kterou stanovuje \u010cesk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed banka, a jin\u00fd poplatek nesm\u00ed v\u011b\u0159itel cht\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd poskytovatel spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00e9ho \u00fav\u011bru mus\u00ed posoudit, zda je jeho klient schopen \u00fav\u011br spl\u00e1cet. V opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b mu hroz\u00ed pokuta a\u017e 20 mili\u00f3n\u016f korun. Lichv\u00e1\u0159i l\u00e1kaj\u00edc\u00ed na to, \u017ee p\u016fj\u010d\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, poru\u0161uj\u00ed z\u00e1kon u\u017e jen pop\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm toho, \u017ee se mus\u00ed zaj\u00edmat o finan\u010dn\u00ed historii klienta. Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed posouzen\u00ed schopnosti spl\u00e1cet m\u00e1 za d\u016fsledek neplatnost \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 smlouvy, kter\u00e9 se lze dovolat a\u017e t\u0159i roky po jej\u00edm uzav\u0159en\u00ed. Spot\u0159ebitel mus\u00ed poskytnutou jistinu vr\u00e1tit, ale p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b sv\u00fdm mo\u017enostem.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed-li spot\u0159ebitelsk\u00fd \u00fav\u011br sjedn\u00e1n jako \u00fav\u011br na bydlen\u00ed, lze od n\u011bho odstoupit do 14 dn\u016f od jeho uzav\u0159en\u00ed bez ud\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fvodu. \u201ePokud nejste spr\u00e1vn\u011b informov\u00e1ni o sv\u00fdch pr\u00e1vech, lh\u016fta na odstoupen\u00ed b\u011b\u017e\u00ed a\u017e od poskytnut\u00ed v\u0161ech informac\u00ed,<\/em>\u201c vysv\u011btluje Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1 a dod\u00e1v\u00e1: \u201eOdstoupen\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u00edsemn\u00e9 a zaslan\u00e9 na adresu \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Vyp\u016fj\u010den\u00e9 pen\u00edze mus\u00edte vr\u00e1tit, a to nejpozd\u011bji do 30 dn\u016f od odstoupen\u00ed. Po dobu, kdy je m\u00e1te u sebe, se \u00faro\u010d\u00ed tak, jak bylo domluveno ve smlouv\u011b.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Pokud je \u00fav\u011br v\u00e1z\u00e1n na koupi ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u011bci, sd\u00edl\u00ed \u00fav\u011brov\u00e1 smlouva osud smlouvy kupn\u00ed. Odstoup\u00edte-li od kupn\u00ed smlouvy, nap\u0159\u00edklad kv\u016fli vad\u00e1m zakoupen\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed, zanik\u00e1 i smlouva \u00fav\u011brov\u00e1. V\u011b\u0159iteli o tom mus\u00edte d\u00e1t v\u011bd\u011bt. Pokud je v\u011bc zakoupena prost\u0159edky d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 komunikace (nap\u0159\u00edklad v e-shopu) nebo mimo prostory obvykl\u00e9 k podnik\u00e1n\u00ed (t\u0159eba p\u0159i podomn\u00edm prodeji), dokud v\u00e1m prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed nevr\u00e1t\u00ed pen\u00edze za zakoupenou v\u011bc, nemus\u00edte je vy vracet \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. \u010casto si to prodejce s \u00fav\u011brovou spole\u010dnost\u00ed vy\u0159\u00edd\u00ed sami mezi sebou.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1kon umo\u017e\u0148uje \u00fav\u011br splatit i p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b, a to kdykoliv b\u011bhem trv\u00e1n\u00ed smlouvy. Poskytovatel m\u00e1 n\u00e1rok na n\u00e1hradu n\u00e1klad\u016f spojen\u00fdch s p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdm splacen\u00edm, ty ale nesm\u00ed p\u0159es\u00e1hnout jedno procento z nesplacen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky, a kdy\u017e do konce \u00fav\u011bru zb\u00fdv\u00e1 m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e jeden rok, pak nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,5 %. U \u00fav\u011bru na bydlen\u00ed je to komplikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Prost\u0159edkem dosahov\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00fdch zisk\u016f \u010dasto nejsou ani tak \u00faroky, ale nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 sankce. Z\u00e1kon sice neumo\u017e\u0148uje poskytovat \u00fav\u011br ka\u017ed\u00e9mu lichv\u00e1\u0159i, ale i tak rad\u011bji stanovil sank\u010dn\u00ed strop. \u201eP\u0159edn\u011b lze po\u017eadovat jen z\u00e1konn\u00e9 \u00faroky z prodlen\u00ed, \u00fa\u010deln\u011b vynalo\u017een\u00e9 n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s prodlen\u00edm a smluvn\u00ed pokutu, kter\u00e1 nesm\u00ed p\u0159es\u00e1hnout 0,1 % denn\u011b z \u010d\u00e1stky, se kterou je spot\u0159ebitel v prodlen\u00ed. A ani tak se nesm\u00ed p\u0159ehoupnout p\u0159es 500 korun za spl\u00e1tku. Celkov\u00fd strop smluvn\u00edch pokut nesm\u00ed p\u0159es\u00e1hnout polovinu celkov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161e \u00fav\u011bru a pokuta nesm\u00ed nikdy p\u0159es\u00e1hnout \u010d\u00e1stku 200 000 korun,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje Eduarda Hek\u0161ov\u00e1.<\/p>\n

I v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 pandemi\u00ed nov\u00e9ho koronaviru a souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi je t\u0159eba z\u016fstat zodpov\u011bdn\u00ed a zbyte\u010dn\u011b nerozt\u00e1\u010det kola dluhov\u00e9 spir\u00e1ly. dTest pro spot\u0159ebitele p\u0159ipravil n\u011bkolik \u00fav\u011brov\u00fdch kalkula\u010dek. Jedna spo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00ed \u00farokovou m\u00edru \u00fav\u011bru<\/strong><\/a>, druh\u00e1 dobu spl\u00e1cen\u00ed<\/strong><\/a> a t\u0159et\u00ed pak v\u00fd\u0161i pravideln\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch spl\u00e1tek.<\/strong><\/a> Tak\u00e9 si zde m\u016f\u017eete spo\u010d\u00edtat RPSN \u00fav\u011bru<\/strong><\/a>, jin\u00fdmi slovy kolik zaplat\u00edte ka\u017ed\u00fd rok nav\u00edc za zap\u016fj\u010den\u00e9 pen\u00edze.<\/p>\n

Text a foto: (dTest)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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