{"id":204766,"date":"2020-10-03T23:07:46","date_gmt":"2020-10-03T22:07:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=204766"},"modified":"2020-10-06T07:15:26","modified_gmt":"2020-10-06T06:15:26","slug":"ceska-astronomicka-spolecnost-astronomicky-ustav-akademie-ved-cr-nocni-obloze-vevodi-planeta-mars-ktera-projde-opozici-se-sluncem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=204766","title":{"rendered":"\u010cESK\u00c1 ASTRONOMICK\u00c1 SPOLE\u010cNOST \/ ASTRONOMICK\u00dd \u00daSTAV AKADEMIE V\u011aD \u010cR: No\u010dn\u00ed obloze v\u00e9vod\u00ed planeta Mars, kter\u00e1 projde opozic\u00ed se Sluncem"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Foto: Alessandro Bianconi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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Po dvoulet\u00e9m \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed je to tady. Planeta Mars se dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do opozice se Sluncem 14. \u0159\u00edjna 2020. O p\u00e1r dn\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve, 6. \u0159\u00edjna 2020 se Mars nejv\u00edce p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k Zemi – na vzd\u00e1lenost 62,1 milionu kilometr\u016f. Planeta Mars je tak v tomto obdob\u00ed pozorovateln\u00e1 po celou noc, je velmi jasn\u00e1 a d\u00edky mal\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od Zem\u011b jsou \u00fatvary na kotou\u010dku planety l\u00e9pe vid\u011bt. Podobn\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Marsu nastanou za 15 rok\u016f.<\/h6>\n

\"\"\"\"U\u017e jsme si b\u011bhem l\u00e9ta zvykli v\u00eddat na obloze velmi jasnou planetu Jupiter a vlevo od n\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b jasn\u00fd Saturn \u2013 dv\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed planety Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy. Nad jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edm obzorem jsou vid\u011bt i v t\u011bchto dnech. Rok 2020 je ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 jedn\u00edm z nejp\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed planety Mars za posledn\u00edch 49 let. I Mars za\u010dal b\u00fdt pozorovateln\u00fd v l\u00e9t\u011b, kdy jsme ho v\u00eddali v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b noci. Nyn\u00ed je pozorovateln\u00fd celou noc.<\/p>\n

Opozice Marsu<\/h6>\n

Opozice Marsu se Sluncem nastane 14. \u0159\u00edjna 2020 a planeta je tak v tomto obdob\u00ed pozorovateln\u00e1 celou noc. Zat\u00edmco Slunce zapad\u00e1, planeta pr\u00e1v\u011b vych\u00e1z\u00ed a zat\u00edmco Slunce r\u00e1no vych\u00e1z\u00ed, planeta pr\u00e1v\u011b zapad\u00e1. O t\u00fdden d\u0159\u00edve, 6. \u0159\u00edjna 2020, se Mars nejv\u00edce p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k Zemi – na vzd\u00e1lenost 62,1 milionu kilometr\u016f, co\u017e je \u201ejen\u201c o necel\u00fdch 5 milion\u016f kilometr\u016f d\u00e1l ne\u017e p\u0159i jeho velk\u00e9 opozici v roce 2018. P\u016fjde tak o t\u0159et\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed Marsu k Zemi od roku 1971 (bl\u00ed\u017ee byl jen v roce 2003 a 2018) a a\u017e do roku 2035.<\/p>\n

D\u00edky mal\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od Zem\u011b bude m\u00edt jeho kotou\u010dek ji\u017e natolik velk\u00fd \u00fahlov\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br – Mars dos\u00e1hne \u00fahlov\u00e9 velikosti p\u0159es 22\u201d – abychom na n\u011bm dalekohledy zahl\u00e9dli n\u011bkolik pozoruhodn\u00fdch detail\u016f. U\u017e ve st\u0159edn\u011b velk\u00fdch dalekohledech uvid\u00edme nap\u0159. jasnou pol\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010depi\u010dku tvo\u0159enou ledem v oblasti marsovsk\u00e9ho ji\u017en\u00edho p\u00f3lu nebo rozs\u00e1hlou tmavou plochu ozna\u010dovanou jako Syrtis Major ve tvaru africk\u00e9ho kontinentu. D\u00edv\u00e1me se tak na povrch planety, proto\u017ee atmosf\u00e9ra Marsu je velmi \u0159\u00eddk\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Planeta se p\u0159i sv\u00e9m nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed bude nach\u00e1zet v souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Ryb a nad na\u0161\u00edm \u00fazem\u00edm vystoup\u00e1 do v\u00fd\u0161ky v\u00edce ne\u017e 45\u00b0 nad obzorem. D\u00edky t\u00e9to v\u00fd\u0161ce bude pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b snaz\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u0159i minul\u00e9 opozici v roce 2018, kdy n\u00edzk\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka na obloze a nav\u00edc velk\u00e1 prachov\u00e1 bou\u0159e na planet\u011b neumo\u017enily sledov\u00e1n\u00ed detail\u016f na povrchu.<\/p>\n

Mars dos\u00e1hne jasnosti -2,4 magnitudy, \u010d\u00edm\u017e bude konkurovat jasn\u00e9mu Jupiteru (kter\u00fd v \u0159\u00edjnu najdeme n\u00edzko nad jihoz\u00e1padem). I pouh\u00fdma o\u010dima n\u00e1s upout\u00e1 na\u010dervenal\u00fd odst\u00edn planety (vn\u00edm\u00e1me ji jako na\u010dervenalou jasnou hv\u011bzdu, a\u017e dalekohled uk\u00e1\u017ee kotou\u010dek). Vhodn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed planety se neomezuj\u00ed pouze pro den nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed k Zemi nebo pro den opozice se Sluncem, ale potrvaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b p\u00e1r t\u00fddn\u016f.<\/p>\n

P\u011bt planet pozorovateln\u00fdch o\u010dima<\/h6>\n

Na konci \u0159\u00edjna a po\u010d\u00e1tkem listopadu bude mo\u017en\u00e9 spat\u0159it v pr\u016fb\u011bhu cel\u00e9 noci v\u0161ech 5 o\u010dima viditeln\u00fdch planet: Jupiter se Saturnem ve\u010der, Mars celou noc a Venu\u0161i s Merkurem na rann\u00ed obloze p\u0159ed rozb\u0159eskem.<\/p>\n

Vydejte se na pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed na n\u011bkterou z hv\u011bzd\u00e1ren<\/p>\n

\u0158\u00edjen je vhodn\u00fdm m\u011bs\u00edcem pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy hv\u011bzd\u00e1ren \u2013 stm\u00edv\u00e1 se ji\u017e brzy a je\u0161t\u011b nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zima. Letos nav\u00edc s Marsem za v\u00fdborn\u00fdch pozorovac\u00edch podm\u00ednek d\u00edky jeho opozici se Sluncem a p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed k Zemi. Nap\u0159\u00edklad Hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna a planet\u00e1rium Brno po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed Marsu – ta budou prob\u00edhat od 5. do 18. \u0159\u00edjna 2020 v\u017edy od 21:00, 21:45 a 22:30. V\u00edce na www.hvezdarna.cz<\/strong><\/a> nebo Facebooku @hvezdarna.brno.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

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Pavel SUCHAN, tiskov\u00fd tajemn\u00edk\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti<\/strong><\/p>\n

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