{"id":203372,"date":"2020-09-17T15:30:49","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T14:30:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=203372"},"modified":"2020-09-17T15:30:49","modified_gmt":"2020-09-17T14:30:49","slug":"ministerstvo-zdravotnictvi-pocty-novych-pripadu-onemocneni-covid-19-nadale-rostou-zpomaleni-sireni-epidemie-zavisi-na-zodpovednem-pristupu-kazdeho-obcana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=203372","title":{"rendered":"MINISTERSTVO ZDRAVOTNICTV\u00cd: Po\u010dty nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed COVID-19 nad\u00e1le rostou, zpomalen\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed epidemie z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho ob\u010dana"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed epidemie\u00a0onemocn\u011bn\u00ed COVID-19\u00a0v\u00a0celorepublikov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku nad\u00e1le pokra\u010duje. Podle \u00fadaj\u016f\u00a0\u00dastavu zdravotnick\u00fdch informac\u00ed a statistiky se\u00a0nyn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed rychleji. Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1kladn\u00edch hygienick\u00fdch pravidel a preventivn\u00edmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi, jako jsou rou\u0161ky, je mo\u017en\u00e9 riziko exponenci\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed koronaviru v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit.<\/h6>\n

Denn\u00ed z\u00e1chyty pozitivn\u011b diagnostikovan\u00fdch pacient\u016f s COVID-19 jsou celorepublikov\u011b vysok\u00e9 a v \u010dase postupn\u011b d\u00e1le nar\u016fstaj\u00ed. V pracovn\u00ed dny p\u0159evy\u0161uj\u00ed celkov\u00e9 denn\u00ed z\u00e1chyty v \u010cR hodnotu 1000 p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. Za v\u010derej\u0161\u00ed den p\u0159ibylo 2 139 potvrzen\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed COVID-19. V\u00a0sou\u010dasnosti se s\u00a0nemoc\u00ed l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed 17\u00a0619 osob. Od po\u010d\u00e1tku epidemie v \u010cR se vyl\u00e9\u010dilo 22\u00a0931 osob a celkem onemocn\u011blo 41\u00a0032 osob, z\u00a0nich\u017e 482 zem\u0159elo. Doposud bylo provedeno 1 104\u00a0893 test\u016f, z toho 17 249 za v\u010derej\u0161\u00ed den.<\/p>\n

P\u0159epo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1no na 100 000 obyvatel je t\u00fddenn\u00ed kumulativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstek vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 48, p\u0159ekra\u010duje tak hranici st\u0159edn\u00edho rizika dle \u0161k\u00e1ly Evropsk\u00e9ho st\u0159ediska pro prevenci a kontrolu nemoc\u00ed (t\u00fddn\u011b 25\u201330\/100tis). Vysok\u00fd po\u010det diagnostikovan\u00fdch koresponduje s velk\u00fdm objemem prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch test\u016f a odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nemoci v populaci. N\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu pozitivn\u011b diagnostikovan\u00fdch osob se t\u00fdk\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161iny okres\u016f \u010cR, nejde ji\u017e o omezen\u00fd po\u010det jasn\u011b popsan\u00fdch klastr\u016f \u010di ohnisek n\u00e1kazy. N\u00e1r\u016fst se nejv\u00edce projevuje zejm\u00e9na v nejzat\u00ed\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edch regionech jako je Praha a St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00fd kraj.<\/p>\n

\u201eSituace nen\u00ed dobr\u00e1, epidemie nab\u00edr\u00e1 na s\u00edle. Po\u010dty p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00fdm koronavirem rostou a pokud se neza\u010dneme podle toho chovat a nep\u0159ijmeme dal\u0161\u00ed preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, tak porostou d\u00e1l exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b.\u00a0Neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee se m\u00e1me b\u00e1t. To ur\u010dit\u011b ne. Ale je pot\u0159eba, aby v\u0161ichni v\u011bd\u011bli, \u017ee situace je v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1, bez p\u0159ikr\u00e1\u0161len\u00ed<\/i>,\u00a0a uv\u011bdomili si, \u017ee ne\u017eijeme v norm\u00e1ln\u00ed dob\u011b<\/i>,\u201c uvedl ministr zdravotnictv\u00ed Adam Vojt\u011bch s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee situace se zhor\u0161uje nejen v\u00a0\u010cR, ale i v\u00a0dal\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1tech EU.<\/p>\n

\u201eV\u00a0tuto chv\u00edli z\u00e1vis\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj epidemie na zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z\u00a0n\u00e1s. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidlo 3R: ruce, rou\u0161ky, rozestupy, nikdy nebylo d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e je pr\u00e1v\u011b nyn\u00ed. Krom\u011b n\u011bj i dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nastaven\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na no\u0161en\u00ed rou\u0161ek, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na\u0161\u00ed prioritou. Spole\u010dn\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme rostouc\u00ed trend epidemie zpomalit a jej\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit a\u017e o polovinu. Apeluji na v\u0161echny ob\u010dany a firmy, aby nepo\u0159\u00e1dali velk\u00e9 akce. Pros\u00edm tak\u00e9, aby si lid\u00e9 nainstalovali aplikaci eRou\u0161ka, kter\u00e1 je bude varovat, pokud budou m\u00edt rizikov\u00fd kontakt s naka\u017een\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem. Od z\u00edtra si m\u016f\u017eete st\u00e1hnout novou verzi,\u201c\u00a0<\/i>doplnil ministr.<\/p>\n

Kapacita laborato\u0159\u00ed je nyn\u00ed 20 700 test\u016f denn\u011b. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed strategie testov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 na podzim s 25 000 testy denn\u011b.\u00a0D\u00e1le pln\u011b funguje\u00a0123 odb\u011brov\u00fdch m\u00edst a dal\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsta se p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed k aktivaci. Kapacita stacion\u00e1rn\u00edch odb\u011brov\u00fdch m\u00edst je aktu\u00e1ln\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 17\u00a0000 (do t\u00e9to kapacity nejsou zahrnuty kapacity ZZS, kter\u00e1 prov\u00e1d\u00ed odb\u011bry v ter\u00e9nu a kapacity mobiln\u00edch odb\u011brov\u00fdch t\u00fdm\u016f Arm\u00e1dy \u010cR). Ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u011b navy\u0161uje kapacity trasov\u00e1n\u00ed, kapacity odb\u011brov\u00fdch m\u00edst a kapacity laborato\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi ohnisky, resp. m\u00edsty \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1kazy je rodinn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, pracovi\u0161t\u011b, spole\u010densk\u00e9 akce (svatby, rodinn\u00e9 oslavy a setk\u00e1n\u00ed), sportovn\u00ed akce (v\u00fdskyt u sportovc\u016f \u2013 amat\u00e9rsk\u00fdch i profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch), \u0161koly (20 % nov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f), rizikov\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 n\u00e1vraty ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed a p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00ed pohyb obecn\u011b. \u201eV tuto chv\u00edli jsou plo\u0161n\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, jako je omezen\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edch hromadn\u00fdch akc\u00ed na st\u00e1n\u00ed, zaveden\u00ed rou\u0161ek ve v\u0161ech prostorech \u0161koly, v\u010detn\u011b t\u0159\u00edd ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch, a omezen\u00ed no\u010dn\u00ed otev\u00edrac\u00ed doby provoz\u016f stravovac\u00edch slu\u017eeb, zcela nezbytn\u00e1. Dal\u0161\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed budeme zva\u017eovat v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na v\u00fdvoji epidemie<\/i>,\u201c uvedl vedouc\u00ed Epidemiologick\u00e9 skupiny p\u0159i MZ\u00a0\u010cR Roman Chl\u00edbek.<\/p>\n

Roman Chl\u00edbek upozornil, \u017ee nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cestou p\u0159enosu COVID-19 jsou kap\u00e9nky. Povinn\u00e9 no\u0161en\u00ed rou\u0161ek ve v\u0161ech vnit\u0159n\u00edch prostor\u00e1ch je dle n\u011bj kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9. \u201ePou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed rou\u0161ek m\u016f\u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit po\u010det osob v\u00a0karant\u00e9n\u011b. Kap\u00e9nky ale ulp\u00edvaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 na ploch\u00e1ch a na rukou, proto je t\u0159eba dezinfikovat sebe i p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00fdch se dot\u00fdk\u00e1me. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je dezinfekce p\u0159ed j\u00eddlem<\/i>\u00a0a\u00a0pit\u00edm. Omezit bychom m\u011bli takt\u00e9\u017e doteky v\u00a0obli\u010deji, doteky s\u00a0druh\u00fdmi lidmi a \u00fa\u010dast na hromadn\u00fdch akc\u00edch. Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed odstupu je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9. Nen\u00ed to o strachu z epidemie, ale o zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9m a rozumn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu<\/i>,\u201c doplnil Roman Chl\u00edbek.<\/p>\n

Ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed a \u00dastav zdravotnick\u00fdch informac\u00ed a statistiky denn\u011b monitoruj\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed ohniska n\u00e1kazy, rizikov\u00e9 profese, provozy \u010di aktivity, riziko \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed na (mezi)region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni, zraniteln\u00e9 skupiny obyvatel, riziko t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho pr\u016fb\u011bhu nemoci, pot\u0159eby a kapacity intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de.<\/p>\n

\u201eN\u00e1r\u016fsty vykazuj\u00ed charakteristiky exponenci\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nemoci p\u0159i reproduk\u010dn\u00edm \u010d\u00edsle p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1,6. N\u00e1r\u016fsty se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161iny region\u016f \u010cR,\u201c\u00a0<\/i>uvedl\u00a0Ladislav Du\u0161ek, \u0159editel \u00dastavu zdravotnick\u00fdch informac\u00ed a statistiky. Pozitivn\u00ed ale podle n\u011bj je, \u017ee nemoc nezm\u011bnila sv\u00e9 parametry ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159edchoz\u00edm obdob\u00edm.\u00a0\u201eNedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k r\u016fstu rizika mezi zraniteln\u00fdmi skupinami obyvatel. V\u011bt\u0161ina p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u00fdch nebo s m\u00edrn\u00fdm pr\u016fb\u011bhem, nem\u011bn\u00ed se charakter hospitalizac\u00ed,\u201c\u00a0<\/i>dodal.<\/p>\n

\u201e\u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed epidemie chceme zpomalit p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proto, abychom r<\/i>ozlo\u017eili z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e v \u010dase a uchr\u00e1nili zdravotnick\u00fd syst\u00e9m p\u0159ed zahlcen\u00edm kapacit. Zabr\u00e1n\u00edme tak i ekonomicky citliv\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm a restrikc\u00edm,\u201c\u00a0<\/i>vysv\u011btlil Ladislav Du\u0161ek s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed reprodukce viru o polovinu by mohlo doj\u00edt pr\u00e1v\u011b d\u00edky velmi d\u016fsledn\u00e9mu dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech distan\u010dn\u00edch a hygienick\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed. Zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je dle n\u011bj sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u010detnosti kontakt\u016f mimo dom\u00e1c\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/i><\/p>\n

Celkov\u011b pozitivn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou je, \u017ee plo\u0161n\u011b nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu z\u00e1sahu zraniteln\u00fdch skupin obyvatel. Pod\u00edl nov\u011b diagnostikovan\u00fdch osob ve v\u011bku 65+ tvo\u0159\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 10 % celkov\u00fdch n\u00e1r\u016fst\u016f (pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed v dubnu 30 %), u kategorie 75+ je to m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 4 %. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b nar\u016fstaj\u00ed po\u010dty hospitalizovan\u00fdch a po\u010dty pacient\u016f vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di na JIP, nejde v\u0161ak o plo\u0161n\u00fd rizikov\u00fd jev. Mortalita je velmi n\u00edzk\u00e1 a v\u011bt\u0161ina nov\u011b diagnostikovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je bezp\u0159\u00edznakov\u00e1 nebo jen s lehk\u00fdm pr\u016fb\u011bhem (75 % \u2013 80 %). Z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e syst\u00e9mu l\u016f\u017ekov\u00e9 intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de je prozat\u00edm n\u00edzk\u00e1.\u00a0\u201eV sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b maj\u00ed kapacity intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de dostate\u010dn\u00e9 rezervy. Velmi d\u016fsledn\u011b se ale p\u0159ipravujeme na dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj<\/i>,\u00a0pracujeme se v\u0161emi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i\u00a0a p\u0159ipravujeme syst\u00e9m na p\u0159\u00edpadnou nutnost transformace standardn\u00edch l\u016f\u017eek na l\u016f\u017eka ur\u010den\u00e1 na p\u00e9\u010di pro pacienty s\u00a0COVID-19,\u201c<\/i>\u00a0potvrdil Vladim\u00edr \u010cern\u00fd, p\u0159edseda \u010cesk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti anesteziologie, resuscitace a intenzivn\u00ed medic\u00edny, vedouc\u00ed Klinick\u00e9 skupiny COVID p\u0159i MZ\u00a0\u010cR.<\/p>\n

Aktu\u00e1ln\u011b je k\u00a017. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2020 hospitalizov\u00e1no\u00a0v\u00a0nemocnici celkem 413 osob, z toho na JIP 71 osob, na um\u011bl\u00e9 plicn\u00ed ventilaci 46 osob a na ECMO 2 osoby.\u00a0V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je voln\u00fdch 993 l\u016f\u017eek (ARO + JIP) z\u00a0celkov\u00e9 kapacity 3\u00a0895 l\u016f\u017eek (25\u00a0%<\/span>) a standardn\u00edch l\u016f\u017eek s\u00a0kysl\u00edkem je voln\u00fdch 7\u00a0320 z\u00a0celkov\u00fdch 23\u00a0154 (31\u00a0%<\/span>). Kapacity p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f maj\u00ed takt\u00e9\u017e rezervy. Um\u011bl\u00fdch plicn\u00edch ventilac\u00ed je voln\u00fdch 1\u00a0070 z\u00a0celkov\u00e9 kapacity 1\u00a0864 (57\u00a0%<\/span>), p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f ECMO je voln\u00fdch 64 z\u00a0celkov\u00fdch 72 (88\u00a0%<\/span>). Vladim\u00edr \u010cern\u00fd k\u00a0mo\u017enostem kapacit l\u016f\u017ekov\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de v\u00a0nemocnic\u00edch uvedl: \u201eSyst\u00e9m l\u016f\u017ekov\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de je kapacitn\u011b schopen absorbovat n\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010dty pacient\u016f, od ur\u010dit\u00e9ho momentu ale za cenu omezen\u00ed jin\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de, proto je pot\u0159eba, aby se \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed epidemie COVID-19 co nejv\u00edce sn\u00ed\u017eilo, aby v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch nedo\u0161lo k vytla\u010den\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de a mohli jsme se tak postarat nejen o pacienty s\u00a0COVID-19, ale i jin\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do nemocnic s\u00a0\u0159adou jin\u00fdch obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/i>\u00a0Na\u0161\u00edm c\u00edlem je tedy zpomalen\u00ed n\u00e1r\u016fstu po\u010dtu naka\u017een\u00fdch a obsazov\u00e1n\u00ed kapacit pomal\u00fdm tempem.\u201c<\/i><\/p>\n

Podle v\u00fdvoje po\u010dtu naka\u017een\u00fdch osob lze spo\u010d\u00edtat nezbytn\u00fd po\u010det l\u016f\u017eek. P\u0159i m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm n\u00e1r\u016fstu 120 000 naka\u017een\u00fdch, kdy 3 % vy\u017eaduje p\u0159ijet\u00ed do nemocnice, je t\u0159eba celkem 3600 l\u016f\u017eek v\u00a0nemocnic\u00edch, z toho 900 l\u016f\u017eek intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de.\u00a0\u201eZ pr\u016fb\u011bhu onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a zku\u0161enost\u00ed z\u00a0uplynul\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f v\u00edme, \u017ee\u00a0<\/i>3-4 %\u00a0<\/span><\/i>v\u0161ech naka\u017een\u00fdch bude vy\u017eadovat hospitalizaci, z nich cca 25 % bude v t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9m stavu a bude vy\u017eadovat intenzivn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. A na to se p\u0159ipravujeme<\/i>,\u201d<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span>dodal\u00a0Vladim\u00edr \u010cern\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

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