{"id":194304,"date":"2022-06-14T18:08:31","date_gmt":"2022-06-14T17:08:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=194304"},"modified":"2022-06-14T18:08:31","modified_gmt":"2022-06-14T17:08:31","slug":"stara-sumava-slavnost-boziho-tela-16-cervna-2022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=194304","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Slavnost Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla – 16. \u010dervna 2022"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Slavnost T\u011bla a Krve P\u00e1n\u011b \u2013 lidov\u011b Bo\u017e\u00ed T\u011blo \u2013 je jeden z d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch pohybliv\u00fdch sv\u00e1tk\u016f \u0159\u00edmskokatolick\u00e9 c\u00edrkve. Slav\u00ed se v\u017edy ve \u010dtvr\u00adtek po sv\u00e1tku Nejsv\u011bt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Trojice a jeho pohyblivost souvis\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b s term\u00ednem hlavn\u00edch k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch sv\u00e1tk\u016f, Velikonoc. Slavnost Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla se slav\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm rokem, ale co to vlastn\u011b Bo\u017e\u00ed T\u011blo je? P\u0159i posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159i ud\u011blal Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus jeden z Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch z\u00e1zrak\u016f: Prom\u011bnil oby\u010dejn\u00e9 v\u00edno ve svou krev a chleba ve sv\u00e9 T\u011blo.<\/h6>\n

O\u010dima u\u010dedn\u00edci vid\u011bli v\u00edno a chl\u00e9b, ale u\u017e to nebylo oby\u010dejn\u00e9 j\u00eddlo, ale Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ovo T\u011blo. Tento z\u00e1zrak se ka\u017edou m\u0161i svatou, kdy kn\u011bz opakuje Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova slova, st\u00e1le znovu a znovu uskute\u010d\u0148uje, proto je m\u0161e svat\u00e1 velikou ud\u00e1losti a vyvrcholen\u00edm ka\u017ed\u00e9ho dne. Na pam\u00e1tku tohoto velik\u00e9ho a nezaslou\u017een\u00e9ho daru, slav\u00ed c\u00edrkev Sv\u00e1tek Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla, kdy se klan\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161ovy p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9mu v Nejsv\u011bt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sv\u00e1tosti olt\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pros\u00ed sv\u00e9ho P\u00e1na, aby p\u0159i proces\u00ed k olt\u00e1\u0159\u016fm \u017eehnal p\u0159\u00edbytk\u016fm v\u0161ech lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sv\u00e1tek Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla byl jedn\u00edm z prvn\u00edch, na kter\u00e9 si po\u010d\u00e1tkem pades\u00e1t\u00fdch let hodlal nastupuj\u00edc\u00ed komunistick\u00fd re\u017eim d\u016fkladn\u011b posv\u00edtit. Na stolech c\u00edrkevn\u00edch tajemn\u00edk\u016f nar\u016fstaly stohy zpr\u00e1v a hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed inform\u00e1tor\u016f o kon\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016fvod\u016f Bo\u017e\u00edho t\u011bla na venkov\u011b. Rokem 1955 toti\u017e vrcholila takzvan\u00e1 protiakce, kdy se sv\u00e1tek Bo\u017e\u00edho t\u011bla z rozhodnut\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00edch \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f m\u011bl p\u0159esunout ze \u010dtvrtka na ned\u011bli. M\u011blo tomu napomoci mimo jin\u00e9 i z\u00e1konn\u00e9 zru\u0161en\u00ed sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho voln\u00e9ho dne, kter\u00fdm \u010dtvrtek Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla od dob Rakouska-Uherska v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b. byl. Sou\u010dasn\u011b s t\u00edm komunist\u00e9 vymysleli nov\u00fd sv\u00e1tek, kter\u00fdm by Bo\u017e\u00ed T\u011blo p\u0159etrumfli a tak roku 1955 p\u0159ik\u00e1zali v term\u00ednu Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla slavit nov\u011b vykonstruovan\u00fd sv\u00e1tek, takzvan\u00fd Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed den d\u011bt\u00ed. Toho roku jsou ji\u017e od sam\u00e9ho r\u00e1na d\u011bti organisovan\u011b l\u00e1k\u00e1ny mimo dosah kostela. Sportovn\u00ed hry v\u0161eho druhu, prom\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed atraktivn\u00edch film\u016f, st\u0159elnice, st\u00e1nky s r\u016fzn\u00fdm ob\u010derstven\u00edm. Po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 se s t\u00edm, \u017ee se p\u0159idaj\u00ed i rodi\u010de a nav\u00edc u\u010ditel\u00e9 dostali \u00fa\u010dast na t\u011bchto \u201ed\u011btsk\u00fdch\u201c oslav\u00e1ch jako povinnost.<\/p>\n

Pape\u017e Urban IV. ustanovil v roce 1264, \u017ee se bude slavit sv\u00e1tek Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla druh\u00e9 \u00fater\u00fd po Letnic\u00edch. Pape\u017e Jan XXII. se postaral v roce 1317, aby se sv\u00e1tek slavil v cel\u00e9 z\u00e1padn\u00ed c\u00edrkvi. Prosebn\u00e1 proces\u00ed. U\u017e ve 14. stolet\u00ed byly oslavy Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla obvykl\u00e9 v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b. V na\u0161ich zem\u00edch pr\u016fvod vst\u0159ebal prvky tzv. poln\u00edho prosebn\u00e9ho proces\u00ed. Zastavoval se u \u010dty\u0159 venkovn\u00edch olt\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kde byly postupn\u011b zp\u00edv\u00e1ny za\u010d\u00e1tky v\u0161ech \u010dty\u0159 evangeli\u00ed do \u010dty\u0159 sv\u011btov\u00fdch stran, konaly se prosebn\u00e9 modlitby a ud\u00edlelo se sv\u00e1tostn\u00e9 po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed. V barokn\u00ed dob\u011b se pr\u016fvod rozvi\u00adnul v ok\u00e1zalou slavnost. K c\u00edrkevn\u00edm ob\u0159ad\u016fm se ale p\u0159idru\u017eil i sv\u011btsk\u00fd a lidov\u00fd \u017eivel, mj. ve zdobnosti, ozvl\u00e1\u0161t\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed cestu monstrance s T\u011blem P\u00e1n\u011b, a zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 ve v\u00ed\u0159e v magick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky posv\u011bcen\u00fdch rostlin.<\/p>\n

Cechovn\u00ed reprezentace<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bo\u017e\u00ed T\u011blo se utv\u00e1\u0159elo jako m\u011bstsk\u00e1 slavnost. \u0158emeslnick\u00e9 cechy, stejn\u011b jako liter\u00e1tsk\u00e1 bratrstva, m\u011bly \u00fa\u010dast v bo\u017e\u00edt\u011blov\u00e9m proces\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo zakotvenou ve sv\u00fdch \u0159\u00e1dech a jednotliv\u00e9 korporace m\u011bly v proces\u00ed ur\u010den\u00e9 m\u00edsto. Jak uv\u00e1d\u00ed etnografka Eva Ve\u010derkov\u00e1, v Jev\u00ed\u010dku v roce 1472 \u0161li ve stanoven\u00e9m po\u0159ad\u00ed tkalci, kol\u00e1\u0159i, bedn\u00e1\u0159i, provazn\u00edci, olejn\u00edci, vete\u0161n\u00edci, lazebn\u00edci a nakonec souken\u00edci a potom p\u00e1ni star\u0161\u00ed se svoj\u00ed korouhv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dom\u00e1c\u00ed kostel\u00ed\u010dky<\/strong><\/p>\n

V 19. a ve 20. stolet\u00ed tvo\u0159ila tak\u00e9 na venkov\u011b a ve farn\u00edch vs\u00edch slavnost Bo\u017e\u00edho T\u011bla v\u017eitou a obl\u00edbenou sou\u010d\u00e1st ro\u010dn\u00edho sv\u00e1tkov\u00e9ho cyklu. Okna dom\u016f zdobily svat\u00e9 obrazy, sv\u00edcny s roz\u017eat\u00fdmi sv\u00ed\u010dkami a kv\u011btiny. Tzv. kostel\u00ed\u010dky, olt\u00e1\u0159\u00edky zbudovan\u00e9 ve v\u00fdklenc\u00edch nebo v pr\u016fjezdech dom\u016f, si rodiny ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b zdobily obrazy svat\u00fdch, kv\u00edt\u00edm a b\u0159ezov\u00fdmi m\u00e1jkami. C\u00edrkevn\u00ed pokyny na\u0159izovaly i kon\u0161el\u016fm o sv\u00e1tku Bo\u017e\u00edho t\u011bla \u00fa\u010dastnit se s ho\u0159\u00edc\u00edmi sv\u00edcemi proces\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 m\u011bli stl\u00e1t tr\u00e1vu na zem, stav\u011bt p\u0159ed domy m\u00e1je, zdobit domy a rozsv\u011bcovat v nich sv\u00edce (Jind\u0159ich\u016fv Hradec). Zejm\u00e9na ve velk\u00fdch m\u011bstech vynikaly pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed barokn\u00ed pr\u016fvody rozm\u011brnost\u00ed a v\u00fdrazovou bohatost\u00ed. \u010cestn\u00e9 funkce \u2013 nap\u0159. nesen\u00ed baldach\u00fdnu nad kn\u011bzem s monstranc\u00ed, zast\u00e1vali starosta, radn\u00ed, p\u0159edn\u00ed sedl\u00e1ci a pozd\u011bji z\u00e1stupci katolic\u00adk\u00fdch spolk\u016f. Do pr\u016fb\u011bhu proces\u00ed se rovn\u011b\u017e usazovaly nov\u00e9 prvky. To kdy\u017e p\u0159ijela na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed ozdoben\u00e1 hasi\u010dsk\u00e1 st\u0159\u00edka\u010dka, na n\u00ed\u017e stoj\u00edc\u00ed uniformovan\u00fd hasi\u010d se zvolna ot\u00e1\u010del sm\u011brem k monstranci. U olt\u00e1\u0159\u016f zazn\u00edvaly tak\u00e9 oslavn\u00e9 salvy z mo\u017ed\u00ed\u0159\u016f. V p\u016fsobiv\u00e9m proces\u00ed \u0161li \u010dlenov\u00e9 spolk\u016f a \u0159emeslnick\u00fdch sdru\u017een\u00ed, hasi\u010di a vojen\u0161t\u00ed veter\u00e1ni, \u0161koln\u00ed ml\u00e1de\u017e se sv\u00fdmi u\u010diteli, dru\u017ei\u010dky, d\u00edv\u010diny velk\u00e9 i mal\u00e9 v b\u00edl\u00fdch \u0161atech a v\u011bnc\u00edch. P\u0159ed kn\u011bzem s monstranc\u00ed sypaly na zem kv\u011bty z prout\u011bn\u00fdch ko\u0161\u00edk\u016f zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho tvaru; \u0159\u00edkalo se jim bo\u017e\u00edt\u011blov\u00e9.\u00b4Bo\u017e\u00edt\u011blov\u00e1 zele\u0148 byla v lidov\u00fdch p\u0159edsta\u00adv\u00e1ch magick\u00fdm prost\u0159edkem k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzn\u011b osudu. Svazky kv\u011bt\u016f, v\u011bne\u010dky bylin, zelen\u00e9 m\u00e1jky pod\u00e9l trasy proces\u00ed i tr\u00e1va shraban\u00e1 z cesty, to v\u0161e, po dotyku mon\u00adstrance m\u011blo v agr\u00e1rn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 u\u017eit\u00ed. V\u011b\u0159ilo se v p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek roub\u00edk\u016f, zhotoven\u00fdch z bo\u017e\u00edt\u011blov\u00fdch m\u00e1jek. Obil\u00ed, p\u0159i \u017en\u00edch sv\u00e1zan\u00e9 takov\u00fdmi roub\u00edky, pr\u00fd my\u0161i ve stodole nese\u017eerou, ale naopak se odst\u011bhuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ochrann\u00e9 a l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky lid\u00e9 p\u0159i\u010d\u00edtali sv\u011bcen\u00fdm svaze\u010dk\u016fm nebo v\u011bnc\u016fm vybran\u00fdch rostlin. N\u011bkde je kladli p\u0159\u00edmo na olt\u00e1\u0159e, jinde je nosili sv\u011btit do kostela. Odvar z nich pom\u00e1hal uzdravit nemocn\u00e9 dobyt\u010de. V\u011bnec se p\u00e1lil p\u0159i bou\u0159i, aby ji uti\u0161il, a m\u011bl ochr\u00e1nit i \u0161estined\u011blku. B\u0159ezov\u00e9 v\u011btvi\u010dky se d\u00e1valy doma za obr\u00e1zky, do pole jako ochrana p\u0159ed krupobit\u00edm, do lni\u0161t\u011b, aby len vyrostl tak vysok\u00fd jako ta haluzka.<\/p>\n

Zdroj<\/strong>: \u010cesk\u00fd rozhlas – \u0160pal\u00ed\u010dek, Zden\u011bk Vejvoda<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

(z cyklu Star\u00e1 \u0160umava)<\/em><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Slavnost <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":256668,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/14\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-slavnost.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194304"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=194304"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":256669,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/194304\/revisions\/256669"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/256668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=194304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=194304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=194304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}