{"id":192940,"date":"2022-05-27T20:55:09","date_gmt":"2022-05-27T19:55:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=192940"},"modified":"2022-05-27T20:55:09","modified_gmt":"2022-05-27T19:55:09","slug":"stara-sumava-o-kosmatici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=192940","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: O kosmatici"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Koblihy svat\u00e9ho Jana Nepomuck\u00e9ho. \u017de je nezn\u00e1te? Ale ano. Jsou to kosmatice. Pod Nepomukov\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem je znaj\u00ed v Bavorsku, Rakous\u00edch, Chebsku. Hollerkrapfen \u2013 bezinkov\u00e9 koblihy \u2013 na sladko i slano p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed nejen z\u00e1zra\u010dnou s\u00edlu \u010dern\u00e9ho bezu, ale i rod\u00e1ka z tohoto kraje. Zemsk\u00e9ho patrona \u010cech, Bavorska. Kv\u011bten von\u00ed bezem, proto alespo\u0148 jednou za rok necho\u010fte pro \u0159\u00edzek k \u0159ezn\u00edkovi, ale dojd\u011bte si pro n\u011bj rovnou do p\u0159\u00edrody. Sta\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edt na prvn\u00ed mez, tam ur\u010dit\u011b roste \u010dern\u00fd bez. Utrhn\u011bte vo\u0148av\u00fd, zpola rozvit\u00fd kv\u011bt a m\u016f\u017eete se pustit do p\u0159\u00edpravy kosmatice. Recept ur\u010dit\u011b nalistujete v n\u011bjak\u00e9 star\u00e9 zapr\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 kucha\u0159ce po babi\u010dce.<\/h6>\n

Kdy\u017e vykvete \u010dern\u00fd bez, rozkvete l\u00e1ska, nad\u011bje i v\u00edra\u2026 Kdyby lid\u00e9 jen tu\u0161ili, jak po\u017eehnan\u00fd je to ke\u0159, nikdo by mu \u00famysln\u011b nezlomil ani v\u011btvi\u010dku. V minulosti lid\u00e9 p\u0159isuzovali bezu tajemnou moc. Kdysi \u017eeny nosily u sebe p\u00e1r bezinek, aby je chr\u00e1nily p\u0159ed zl\u00fdmi silami. T\u011bhotn\u00e9 l\u00edbaly bezov\u00fd ke\u0159, aby zajistily \u0161\u0165astnou budoucnost jejich d\u00edt\u011bti. A podle jin\u00fdch pov\u011br bydleli v bezov\u00e9m ke\u0159i duchov\u00e9 nebo i \u010darod\u011bjnice. Chr\u00e1nili ke\u0159 a jeho okol\u00ed p\u0159ed zl\u00fdmi silami. Proto si lid\u00e9 \u010dasto vysazovali bez v okol\u00ed sv\u00fdch chalup. Poran\u011bn\u00e9 bezov\u00e9 d\u0159evo krv\u00e1c\u00ed rudou m\u00edzou, proto lid\u00e9 snadno uv\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee v n\u011bm p\u0159eb\u00fdvaj\u00ed kouzeln\u00e9 s\u00edly. Bezov\u00e1 v\u011btvi\u010dka polo\u017een\u00e1 do postele vedle pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed klidn\u00fd sp\u00e1nek, je-li darovan\u00e1 novoman\u017eel\u016fm, vnese jim l\u00e1sku a \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed do rodiny. Pov\u011bry jsou dokladem, \u017ee bez \u010dern\u00fd kdysi doprov\u00e1zel \u010dlov\u011bka doslova od kol\u00e9bky a\u017e do hrobu. Bezovou hol\u00ed se “brala” m\u00edra na rakev a v\u0161eobecn\u011b se v\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee k\u0159\u00ed\u017eek zhotoven\u00fd z bezov\u00e9ho d\u0159eva a vlo\u017een\u00fd do rakve zajist\u00ed zesnul\u00e9mu v\u011b\u010dn\u00fd pokoj.<\/p>\n

U\u017e na\u0161e prababi\u010dky v\u011bd\u011bly, \u017ee v \u010dervnu si m\u016f\u017eeme dop\u0159\u00e1t vo\u0148av\u00fd dezert v podstat\u011b p\u0159\u00edmo ze zahr\u00e1dky \u2013 sta\u010d\u00ed jen naj\u00edt kvetouc\u00ed \u010dern\u00fd bez a doplnit ho o p\u00e1r dal\u0161\u00edch ingredienc\u00ed. Kosmatic\u00edm se tak\u00e9 mnohdy p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1 \u0159\u00edzky chud\u00fdch. Sma\u017een\u00e9 b\u00edl\u00e9 kv\u011bty, kter\u00e9 se po zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a obalen\u00ed ve strouhance skute\u010dn\u011b velmi podobaj\u00ed \u0159\u00edzk\u016fm, u\u017e chutnaly d\u0159\u00edve na\u0161im p\u0159edk\u016fm. Dobr\u00fd ob\u011bd byl tehdy ud\u011bl\u00e1n velmi rychle a hlavn\u011b t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zadarmo.<\/p>\n

Sma\u017een\u00e9 kv\u011bty \u010dern\u00e9ho bezu aneb kosmatice jsou v\u00fdborn\u00fdm zpest\u0159en\u00edm pozdn\u011b jarn\u00ed kuchyn\u011b. Jedl\u00e1 divo\u010dina se tu toti\u017e projevuje ve variant\u011b, ji\u017e ocen\u00ed dokonce i nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed str\u00e1vn\u00edci, kte\u0159\u00ed nedaj\u00ed ani r\u00e1nu bez sma\u017een\u00e9ho a v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch chut\u00ed. \u0158ada lid\u00ed m\u00e1 zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159edsudky v\u016f\u010di tomu sn\u00edst na\u0165 divoce rostouc\u00ed rostliny nebo jej\u00ed kv\u011bt, v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ale chu\u0165, jak douf\u00e1m, p\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed pochybnosti. Kosmatice je dle jazykov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edru\u010dek lidov\u00fd n\u00e1zev pro sma\u017een\u00e9 kv\u011bty \u010dern\u00e9ho bezu. Kv\u011bty nam\u00e1\u010den\u00e9 v t\u011bst\u00ed\u010dku a sma\u017een\u00e9 p\u011bkn\u011b na m\u00e1sle dozlatova a dok\u0159upava. Zd\u00e1 se to jednoduch\u00e9, ale i p\u0159es ve\u0161kerou snadnost stoj\u00ed kosmatice za mal\u00e9 kucha\u0159sk\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed. Pov\u00edm v\u00e1m, jak si je ud\u011blat p\u0159edpisov\u011b vzorn\u011b, jak\u00e9 na n\u011b vz\u00edt t\u011bst\u00ed\u010dko a jak se pozn\u00e1, \u017ee je opravdu um\u00edte ud\u011blat.<\/p>\n

Kosmatice, abyste za n\u011b mohli cht\u00edt jedni\u010dku s hv\u011bzdi\u010dkou, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt k\u0159upav\u00e9. Nejen hned po usma\u017een\u00ed, ale klidn\u011b o hodinu pozd\u011bji. A hlavn\u011b a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mus\u00ed vypadat na\u010dechran\u011b a\u017e roz\u010dep\u00fd\u0159en\u011b. Nikoli jako jedna velk\u00e1 placka nebo l\u00edvanec se stopkou. To by byl jen smutn\u00fd d\u016fkaz, \u017ee nev\u00edte, co s t\u011bmi n\u00e1dhern\u00fdmi vo\u0148av\u00fdmi kv\u011bty \u010dern\u00e9ho bezu d\u011bl\u00e1te. Kdy\u017e si vzpomenete, co jsem \u0159\u00edkal o dobr\u00fdch kosmatic\u00edch, hned je jasn\u00e9, kde se tenhle n\u00e1zev vzal. A proto m\u011b ze v\u0161ech v\u00fdskyt\u016f slova kosmatice v kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 literatu\u0159e nejv\u00edc zaujal tento od Josefa Hole\u010dka. Poch\u00e1z\u00ed z desetisvazkov\u00e9 kroniky Na\u0161i. Pro sv\u016fj vzhled i sez\u00f3nnost pat\u0159ilo sma\u017een\u00ed kosmatic k Svatodu\u0161n\u00edm sv\u00e1tk\u016fm, t\u00e9\u017e zvan\u00fdm letnice. Slav\u00ed se 50. den po Velikonoc\u00edch. I j\u00e1 m\u00e1m kosmatice spojen\u00e9 se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edm l\u00e9tem. Jakmile na mezi rozkvetou bezy, je \u010das vz\u00edt ko\u0161\u00edk, n\u016f\u017eky a konat.<\/p>\n

Kv\u011bty \u010dern\u00e9ho bezu se ov\u0161em daj\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt i jinak. Na venkov\u011b se kdysi d\u011blala tak\u00e9 bezov\u00e1 pol\u00e9vka, kdy se kv\u011bty sva\u0159ily s ml\u00e9kem. Pol\u00e9vka se zahu\u0161\u0165ovala vejcem a noky. Z kv\u011bt\u016f \u010dern\u00e9ho bezu lze p\u0159ipravit i vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed sirup, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b limon\u00e1du. Bezinkov\u00fd \u010daj ze su\u0161en\u00fdch kv\u011bt\u016f je v\u00fdborn\u00fdm l\u00e9kem proti r\u00fdm\u011b. Kdy\u017e kv\u011bty dozraj\u00ed v plody, lze je zpracovat na marmel\u00e1du. Za v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch \u010das\u016f se na \u010desk\u00fdch a moravsk\u00fdch vesnic\u00edch nech\u00e1valo kvasit v demi\u017eonech za oknem bezinkov\u00e9 v\u00edno. P\u0159ezr\u00e1l\u00e9 plody kvas\u00ed u\u017e na strom\u011b a \u0161pa\u010dci, kte\u0159\u00ed je zobou, se pak motaj\u00ed jako opil\u00ed. Nen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee z vykva\u0161en\u00fdch plod\u016f se pr\u00fd d\u00e1 vyp\u00e1lit i ko\u0159alka.<\/p>\n

Sma\u017een\u00e1 kosmatice ov\u0161em nen\u00ed ryze \u010desk\u00fd recept, jak se mnoz\u00ed n\u00e1rodovci domn\u00edvaj\u00ed. Italov\u00e9 maj\u00ed fiori di sambuco fritti, co\u017e je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 tot\u00e9\u017e. Raku\u0161an\u00e9 maj\u00ed Holunderk\u00fcchlein s \u010dern\u00fdm pivem. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch zem\u00edch se sma\u017een\u00e9 kv\u011bty \u010dern\u00e9ho bezu pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed s tvarohem, jinde s jogurtem. V\u011bt\u0161inou jde v\u0161ak pouze o sladkou verzi. Angli\u010dan\u00e9 tomu \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed flowers of elder, \u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 Fl\u00e4derblommor. Existuje tak\u00e9 irsk\u00fd, p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno keltsk\u00fd recept. Ale j\u00e1 jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee ten \u010desko-rakousk\u00fd s pivem je ur\u010dit\u011b nejlep\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Anastasia B. SEIDLOV\u00c1, Kucha\u0159ka Jit\u0159enky, Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 1925. Maria TILSCHOV\u00c1-\u00daLEHLOV\u00c1, \u010cesk\u00e1 strava lidov\u00e1, Praha 1945<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Z cyklu Star\u00e1 \u0160umava)<\/em><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Koblihy <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":255242,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/27\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-kosmatice.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192940"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=192940"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192940\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":255241,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192940\/revisions\/255241"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/255242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=192940"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=192940"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=192940"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}