{"id":192427,"date":"2023-07-20T09:11:39","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T08:11:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=192427"},"modified":"2023-07-20T09:11:39","modified_gmt":"2023-07-20T08:11:39","slug":"stara-sumava-vune-lesnich-jahod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=192427","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: V\u016fn\u011b lesn\u00edch jahod"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

DEDIKACE<\/strong>
\nJahody prvn\u00ed, hle, nesu ti, \u017eeno,<\/em>
\nz bukov\u00e9 paseky, z vysok\u00e9 tr\u00e1vy,<\/em>
\npozdravy slunce a ji\u017en\u00edho v\u011btru,<\/em>
\nzaklet\u00e9 v \u0161arlat a ve sladk\u00e9 \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy:<\/em><\/p>\n

Pomalu nes je k sv\u00fdm hedv\u00e1bn\u00fdm ret\u016fm,<\/em>
\na\u0165 jejich sladkost a\u017e k srdci ti vzr\u016fst\u00e1.<\/em>
\nPomni, \u017ee pol\u00edb\u00ed\u0161 \u010dervnov\u00e9 slunce<\/em>
\na krv\u00ed zem\u011b si pot\u0159\u00edsn\u00ed\u0161 \u00fasta.<\/em><\/p>\n

Jahody prvn\u00ed, hle, nesu ti z les\u016f,<\/em>
\nvyh\u0159\u00e1t\u00fdch paprsk\u016f \u00farodou zlatou.<\/em>
\nJak ten plod rud\u00fd bu\u010f krystalem vonn\u00fdm,<\/em>
\nslunce a zem\u011b bu\u010f pohodou jatou<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 jsou na\u0161e pole, kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 louky, ale nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou \u0161umavsk\u00e9 lesy. Zr\u00e1na se modraj\u00ed na obzoru jako tajupln\u00e1 opona, za kterou jsou skryta lesn\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed. Mechov\u00e9 pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159e, kapradinov\u00e9 krajky, v nich \u010derven\u00e9 muchom\u016frky, hn\u011bd\u00e9 h\u0159\u00edbky, bor\u016fvky a jahody, l\u00edskov\u00e9 o\u0159\u00ed\u0161ky a bukvice, skr\u00fd\u0161e lesn\u00ed zv\u011b\u0159e a tis\u00edce r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvore\u010dk\u016f \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch v lesn\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161i, \u010dlov\u011bk nev\u00ed, kam se d\u0159\u00edve pod\u00edvat. Tuhle rostlinu ur\u010dit\u011b zn\u00e1\u0161 a p\u0159i proch\u00e1zce v lese neodol\u00e1\u0161 a sh\u00fdbne\u0161 se pro jej\u00ed sladk\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd plod.<\/h6>\n

Kdo by taky nem\u011bl r\u00e1d sladk\u00e9 lesn\u00ed jahody, kter\u00e9 se na jazyku jen rozpl\u00fdvaj\u00ed. V l\u00e9t\u011b, kdy\u017e se vzduch tetel\u00ed poledn\u00edm horkem, skr\u00fdv\u00e1 lesn\u00ed paseka r\u016fzn\u00e1 tajemstv\u00ed. Na kameni se h\u0159eje zkamen\u011bl\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011brka, v tr\u00e1v\u011b u\u017eovka. Ba\u017eant a zaj\u00edc, oba p\u0159ikr\u010deni, tr\u00e1v\u00ed poledne v n\u00edzk\u00e9m porostu. Na pokraji m\u00fdtiny, kde stoj\u00ed stromy na str\u00e1\u017ei p\u0159ed sluncem, aby nedopadaly jeho paprsky a\u017e na zem jako na pasece, odpo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 srn\u010d\u00ed. Jen ob\u010das st\u0159ihnou slechy po dot\u011brn\u00e9 mou\u0161e. Smysly \u010dlov\u011bka se nalad\u00ed na p\u0159irozen\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Hlas cvr\u010dka najednou zn\u00ed tak pronikav\u011b a\u017e spl\u00fdv\u00e1 s \u017e\u00e1rem slunce. Kde b\u00fdval vzrostl\u00fd les, nyn\u00ed paseka jest.<\/p>\n

Na pasek\u00e1ch b\u00fdvaly lesn\u00ed jahody. Ty mali\u010dk\u00e9. Cel\u00e9 bandasky se jich daly nasb\u00edrat. Lesn\u00ed jahody rudnou pod slune\u010dn\u00edmi paprsky a jejich v\u016fn\u00ed je zalita cel\u00e1 paseka. V letn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch za\u010dnou vykukovat v tr\u00e1v\u011b na louk\u00e1ch, m\u00fdtin\u00e1ch a na mez\u00edch kolem lesn\u00edch cest drobn\u00e9 \u017elutob\u00edl\u00e9 kv\u011bty. Jakmile odkvetou, objev\u00ed se plod, kter\u00fd je zprvu zelen\u00fd, ale slun\u00ed\u010dko ho brzy obarv\u00ed do \u010dervena. To je pro v\u0161echny znamen\u00edm, \u017ee nastal spr\u00e1vn\u00fd okam\u017eik a jahoda je sladk\u00e1 jako med. Pro mnoho z n\u00e1s jsou kr\u00e1sn\u011b zral\u00e9, vo\u0148av\u00e9 a sla\u010fou\u010dk\u00e9 jahody jedn\u00edm ze symbol\u016f l\u00e9ta a pr\u00e1zdnin. Sladk\u00e1 chu\u0165 a v\u016fn\u011b jahod \u010dasto p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 tak\u00e9 d\u011btstv\u00ed, kdy jsme se v\u0161ichni t\u011b\u0161ili k babi\u010dce na jahody, kter\u00e9 rostly za plotem u lesa. Jedin\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem m\u016f\u017ee v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b b\u00fdt, naj\u00edt m\u00edste\u010dko v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b, kam se na lesn\u00ed jah\u016fdky vypravit.<\/p>\n

P\u016fvod jahod sah\u00e1 daleko do historie? Jahody se t\u00e1hnou nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d sv\u011btov\u00fdmi d\u011bjinami. Prvn\u00ed dochovan\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy o jahod\u00e1ch poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ze starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158ecka, jahody se p\u011bstovaly ale ji\u017e ve star\u00e9m \u0158\u00edm\u011b. Ve st\u0159edov\u011bku byly jahody p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v zahrad\u00e1ch kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f a na z\u00e1mc\u00edch v Anglii, Belgii a ve Francii. Tehdy se obhospoda\u0159ovaly velk\u00e9 plochy lesn\u00edch jahod, vyp\u011bstovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plody se ale neda\u0159ilo. Jahody byly jen p\u0159esazovan\u00e9 a v\u00edce p\u011bstitelsky udr\u017eovan\u00e9, m\u011bly ale pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e9, i kdy\u017e velmi aromatick\u00e9 plody. Velkoplod\u00e9 odr\u016fdy jahodn\u00edku se poda\u0159ilo nal\u00e9zt a\u017e v Americe pod\u00e9l b\u0159eh\u016f \u0159eky Sv. Vav\u0159ince. Tam objeven\u00fd Jahodn\u00edk virginsk\u00fd m\u011bl pod\u00e9ln\u00e9 ku\u017eelovit\u00e9, ale i kulat\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159iv\u011b \u010derven\u00e9 plody. Tato jahoda se kolem roku 1725 dostala i do Evropy. Dal\u0161\u00ed druh velkoplod\u00fdch jahod byl po\u010d\u00e1tkem 17. stolet\u00ed objeven je\u0161t\u011b v Chile a dostal n\u00e1zev Jahodn\u00edk chilsk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Oba tyto druhy jahod pak kolem roku 1750 zk\u0159\u00ed\u017eil Antoino Duchesne, zahradn\u00edk na dvo\u0159e francouzsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le Ludv\u00edka XV a vyp\u011bstoval velkoplodou odr\u016fdu jahodn\u00edk ananasov\u00fd, kter\u00e1 m\u011bla mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a chutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed plody a v podob\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch kultivar\u016f se p\u011bstuje dodnes. N\u00e1vod k p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed a sklizn\u011b jahod uk\u00e1zal v psan\u00ed v roce 1578. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 15. stolet\u00ed z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00e9 mni\u0161i pou\u017e\u00edvali lesn\u00ed jahody ve sv\u00fdch iluminovan\u00fdch rukopis\u016f.<\/p>\n

Jahoda se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v italsk\u00e9m, vl\u00e1msk\u00e9m a n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed a v anglick\u00e9 miniatury. Jedn\u00edm z propag\u00e1tor\u016f tohoto ovoce v \u010cech\u00e1ch byl Rudolf Strimpl, spr\u00e1vce na dvorci Chlistov v Telet\u00edn\u011b na Neveklovsku. V 80. letech 19. stolet\u00ed cestoval po Evrop\u011b a dvakr\u00e1t odjel do Ameriky, odkud si p\u0159ivezl velk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti ze zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a poznatky o p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed jahod. Roku 1887 p\u0159est\u011bhoval do Sedl\u010dan, kde si pronajal obchod, p\u011bstoval a\u017e 75 v\u010delstev a p\u0159ed\u00e1val sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch plodin v \u0161irok\u00e9m okol\u00ed. Na sedl\u010dansk\u00e9 pouti 15. srpna 1891 o\u017eenil s Franti\u0161kou Vlachovou, jednou z chovanek Vojty N\u00e1prstka, \u010desk\u00e9ho buditele. V roce 1895 si splnil sv\u016fj celo\u017eivotn\u00ed sen a pronajal si od svatov\u00edtsk\u00e9 kapituly nevaln\u00fd statek Chlistov v obci Telet\u00edn u Kr\u0148an, pobl\u00ed\u017e Netvo\u0159ic. Zde p\u0159es po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed sv\u00edzele za\u010dal samostatn\u011b hospoda\u0159it a od roku 1896 za\u010dal s pokusy p\u011bstovat po americk\u00e9m vzoru jahody. Snad za\u010dal s odr\u016fdou \u201eBedford Champion\u201c z USA, v Kr\u0148anech a Telet\u00edn\u011b zvan\u00e9 nejprve Kyselky, pak Goli\u00e1\u0161e.<\/p>\n

Jahoda nen\u00ed bobule ani plod. To, co se j\u00ed, nen\u00ed plod, ale kv\u011btn\u00ed l\u016f\u017eko. Plody jsou mal\u00e1 zelen\u00e1 zrn\u00ed\u010dka na \u010derven\u00e9 slupce. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 jahoda jich m\u00e1 na sv\u00e9m povrchu asi 200.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Kniha les\u016f, vod a str\u00e1n\u00ed – Stanislav Kostka Neumann, ” Strawberry “. Encyklopedie Britannica (11 ed.). 1911.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  DEDIKACE <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":283247,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/20\/ram-jahody.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192427"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=192427"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192427\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":283248,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/192427\/revisions\/283248"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/283247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=192427"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=192427"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=192427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}