{"id":187711,"date":"2021-03-13T00:13:31","date_gmt":"2021-03-12T23:13:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=187711"},"modified":"2021-03-13T00:13:31","modified_gmt":"2021-03-12T23:13:31","slug":"stara-sumava-jaro-u-lesnich-studanek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=187711","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Jaro u lesn\u00edch stud\u00e1nek"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Lesn\u00ed stud\u00e1nka<\/h6>\n

Zn\u00e1m k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lovou stud\u00e1nku,<\/em>
\n kde nejhlub\u0161\u00ed je les,<\/em>
\n tam roste tmav\u00e9 kaprad\u00ed<\/em>
\n a v\u016fkol rud\u00fd v\u0159es.<\/em><\/p>\n

Tam pt\u00e1ci, lan\u011b chod\u00ed p\u00edt<\/em>
\n pod javorov\u00fd kmen,<\/em>
\n ti pt\u00e1ci za dne b\u00edl\u00e9ho,<\/em>
\n ty lan\u011b v noci jen.<\/em><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e usnou lesy hlubok\u00e9<\/em>
\n a kolem ticho jest,<\/em>
\n a nebesa i stud\u00e1nka<\/em>
\n jsou plny zlat\u00fdch hv\u011bzd.<\/em><\/p>\n

Vykv\u00e9taj\u00ed prvn\u00ed sn\u011b\u017eenky a bledule, v\u00edc n\u00e1s to t\u00e1hne do p\u0159\u00edrody na prvn\u00ed jarn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161lapy, bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se \u010das \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stud\u00e1nek a pram\u00ednk\u016f. Ud\u011blejte si radost od v\u0161ech starost\u00ed, ud\u011blejte si \u010das a vydejte se i vy na proch\u00e1zku ke kouzeln\u00fdm m\u00edst\u016fm, kde voda m\u016f\u017ee op\u011bt odpo\u010d\u00edvat, klokotat i zp\u00edvat.<\/h6>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 stud\u00e1nka m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 kouzlo a p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kter\u00fd prozrazuje jedine\u010dnost jej\u00edho pramene neboli l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky. O tom, zda se jedn\u00e1 o pravdu nebo pouhou pov\u011bru se m\u016f\u017eete u\u017e p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit sami. Stud\u00e1nky jsou pr\u00fd slzy radosti zem\u011b. Nab\u00edzej\u00ed chladnou osv\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed vodu v\u0161em \u017e\u00edzn\u00edc\u00edm. A lid\u00e9 si jich po stalet\u00ed n\u00e1le\u017eit\u011b v\u00e1\u017eili. A opatrovali je. M\u011bli na pam\u011bti, \u017ee voda je vz\u00e1cn\u00fdm darem\u2026<\/p>\n

V\u00e1clav Krolmus, vlastenec a n\u00e1rodopisec o stud\u00e1nk\u00e1ch p\u00ed\u0161e:<\/p>\n

\u201eStud\u00e1nky v \u010cech\u00e1ch jsou posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 m\u00edsta, sv\u011btice a sv\u011bcenky slovou. Lid je \u010dist\u00ed, k nim putuje, vodou se omejv\u00e1, v nemoci ji pije, u vod zkou\u0161ky d\u011blaj\u00ed… D\u011bvy stud\u00e1nky \u010dist\u011bj\u00ed, kdy\u017e nepr\u0161\u00ed, ke stud\u00e1nk\u00e1m putujou a se modlej\u00ed, k\u0159\u00ed\u017eky, v\u011bnce do studn\u00ed h\u00e1zej\u00ed… kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 neduhy na t\u011ble maj\u00ed, putuj\u00ed ke stud\u00e1nk\u00e1m, v nich\u017e se om\u00fdvaj\u00ed, hlavu, o\u010di, ruce, t\u011blo, vlasy do vody h\u00e1zej\u00ed, neb hadry, klucky b\u00edl\u00e9 na k\u00e1men a stud\u00e1nky takov\u00e9, neb na stromy je zav\u011b\u0161uj\u00ed u studnic.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

“… a ta voda, kter\u00e1 pr\u0161\u00ed z nebesk\u00fdch oblak dol\u016f k zemi, vsakuje se do n\u00ed a vsakuje se tam st\u00e1le hloub\u011bji a hloub\u011bji a \u010dist\u00ed se a hromad\u00ed se v kameni jako v n\u011bjak\u00e9m \u010diro\u010dir\u00e9m d\u017eb\u00e1n\u011b, pon\u011bvad\u017e ten k\u00e1men dr\u017e\u00ed pevn\u011b jako hladk\u00e1 sko\u0159\u00e1pka. A potom z n\u011bj p\u0159ece vytryskne a vytvo\u0159\u00ed mal\u00fd pot\u016f\u010dek nebo v kamenn\u00e9 m\u00edse stud\u00e1nku vody tak \u010dist\u00e9, \u017ee nev\u00ed\u0161, kde p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 vzduch a kde za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 voda, a vodn\u00ed nitka se \u0159ine z t\u00e9 m\u00edsy d\u00e1l, tis\u00edce vodn\u00edch nitek se odtud \u0159ine a v\u0161ude to piln\u011b a ti\u0161e cr\u010d\u00ed a to cr\u010d\u00edc\u00ed se sb\u00edr\u00e1 dohromady a \u0161um\u00ed pak zhloubi a ty mnoh\u00e9 a mnoh\u00e9 potoky jdou d\u00e1l tam dol\u016f do kraje. A ta voda d\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161emu \u017eivouc\u00edmu, zejm\u00e9na travin\u00e1m, veselost a zdrav\u00ed, kter\u00e9 voda v kraji tam jinde venku, kde je p\u016fda v\u0161elijak ne\u010dist\u00e1, neum\u00ed d\u00e1t….”<\/em><\/p>\n

Symbolick\u00e9 vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed pramene po dlouh\u00e9 zim\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed k prastar\u00fdm tradic\u00edm v\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed jara. Nal\u00e9zt ve spr\u00e1vnou chv\u00edli v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b pram\u00e9nek \u010dist\u00e9 vody je mnohdy mal\u00fd z\u00e1zrak, ten \u00fa\u017easn\u00fd pocit ostatn\u011b zn\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd poutn\u00edk, kter\u00fd se kdy znaven\u00fd a \u017e\u00edzniv\u00fd trm\u00e1cel krajinou. To platilo od prad\u00e1vna, zku\u0161enosti d\u00e1vn\u00fdch lovc\u016f, zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f i cestovatel\u016f si neseme v sob\u011b, a tak ani v dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b nep\u0159ekvap\u00ed, \u017ee kr\u00e1sn\u00e1 stud\u00e1nka je ozdobou mnoh\u00e9ho koutu na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrody, na kter\u00fd mnoz\u00ed vzpom\u00ednaj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b po mnoho let. Kdysi byly stud\u00e1nky a prameny jedin\u00fdmi zdroji pitn\u00e9 vody, proto jim byla v\u011bnov\u00e1na mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de a pozornost. Prastarou v\u00edru v moc z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fdch pramen\u016f a stud\u00e1nek dokl\u00e1daj\u00ed dodnes \u010detn\u00e9 lidov\u00e9 poh\u00e1dky o \u017eiv\u00e9 vod\u011b, kter\u00e1 uzdravuje a o\u017eivuje, poh\u00e1dky, je\u017e maj\u00ed bezpochyby sv\u016fj p\u016fvod v d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch pohansk\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

V pohansk\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch si lid\u00e9 vody ve stud\u00e1nk\u00e1ch v\u00e1\u017eili tak, \u017ee jim p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161eli dary. Pozd\u011bji, v souvislosti s k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00edm lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee voda je v n\u011bkter\u00fdch stud\u00e1nk\u00e1ch z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00e1, dok\u00e1\u017ee vyl\u00e9\u010dit v\u0161echny nemoci, a \u017ee z\u00e1zrak uskute\u010dnili svat\u00ed. Ke stud\u00e1nk\u00e1m za\u010dala chodit proces\u00ed a u mnoha z nich byly postaveny kapli\u010dky. V barokn\u00ed krajin\u011b p\u0159edstavovaly nejen n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 stavby a orienta\u010dn\u00ed body, ale i m\u00edsta odpo\u010dinku a modliteb.Je\u0161t\u011b i v sou\u010dasnosti je \u0159ada z nich spojov\u00e1na s m\u00edstn\u00edmi pov\u011bstmi o z\u00e1zrac\u00edch i s legendami o vodn\u00edch pann\u00e1ch a ochrann\u00fdch v\u00edl\u00e1ch. Od pov\u011bst\u00ed, legend i historick\u00fdch re\u00e1li\u00ed jsou odvozeny i jejich n\u00e1zvy, nap\u0159.: stud\u00e1nka Panny Marie, svat\u00e9 Anny, Dobr\u00e1 voda….<\/p>\n

Bez vody by na Zemi neexistoval \u017eivot. Voda ve stud\u00e1nce uhasila \u017e\u00edze\u0148 ka\u017ed\u00e9mu poutn\u00edkovi, a aby byla \u010dist\u00e1, dodr\u017eovala se v d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch slavnost \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stud\u00e1nek. Jarn\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed stud\u00e1nek tak\u00e9 symbolicky zah\u00e1n\u00ed zl\u00e9 moci, nositele nemoc\u00ed a tedy ne\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Maj\u00ed je prov\u00e1d\u011bt svobodn\u00e9 a \u010dist\u00e9 d\u00edvky. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ob\u0159adu byla \u0159\u00edkadla, kter\u00e1 pron\u00e1\u0161ely dru\u017eice i kr\u00e1lovna. \u010cast\u011bji se pou\u017e\u00edval pojem kr\u00e1lovni\u010dka nebo kr\u00e1lka. Zpravidla se jednalo o nej\u0161ikovn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed d\u00edvku. V podve\u010der se na n\u00e1vsi svol\u00e1valy v\u0161echny svobodn\u00e9 d\u00edvky a s vesel\u00edm obch\u00e1zely v\u0161echny studny ve vesnici, ze kter\u00fdch vyl\u00e9valy vodu a \u010distily je po zim\u011b. Na vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bnou studnu byl polo\u017een velk\u00fd zelen\u00fd v\u011bnec na znamen\u00ed \u010distoty. Kdy\u017e byly v\u0161echny studny vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9, tak se v ned\u011bli vydal po vsi d\u016fm od domu pr\u016fvod sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u011b oble\u010den\u00fdch d\u00edvek a p\u0159i zp\u011bvu vyb\u00edraly za vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed studn\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed ned\u011bli si d\u00edvky sjednaly samy muzikanty a konala se muzika “za studny”. Vesnic\u00ed proch\u00e1zel dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u016fvod tentokr\u00e1t s muzikou a v\u0161e zakon\u010dila par\u00e1dn\u00ed tancova\u010dka.<\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Zvony a zvonky (1894) Josef V\u00e1clav Sl\u00e1dek<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Z cyklu Star\u00e1 \u0160umava)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Lesn\u00ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":218056,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/12\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-star\u00e1-\u0161umava.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187711"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=187711"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187711\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":218057,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/187711\/revisions\/218057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/218056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=187711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=187711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=187711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}