{"id":185407,"date":"2021-02-12T12:36:26","date_gmt":"2021-02-12T11:36:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=185407"},"modified":"2021-02-12T21:36:25","modified_gmt":"2021-02-12T20:36:25","slug":"stara-sumava-o-masopustni-nedeli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=185407","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: O masopustn\u00ed ned\u011bli"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Na\u0161i d\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edkov\u00e9 si na bujar\u00e9 masopustn\u00ed vesel\u00ed velmi potrp\u011bli, co\u017e b\u00fdvalo mnohdy c\u00edrkvi trnem v oku. Tehdy ov\u0161em b\u00fdval masopust pon\u011bkud hlu\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a rozpustilej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e-li dnes. Zat\u00edmco aristokracie m\u011bla masopust spojen\u00fd s bohat\u00fdmi karnevalov\u00fdmi b\u00e1ly, nejchud\u0161\u00ed vrstvy se spokojili s vesnickou tancova\u010dkou a trochou lep\u0161\u00edho j\u00eddla.<\/h6>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd se sna\u017eil si u\u017e\u00edt masopustn\u00edch kratochv\u00edl\u00ed jak nejl\u00e9pe um\u011bl. Veselil se bohat\u00fd i chud\u00fd, p\u00e1n i slouha, mistr i tovary\u0161. Ka\u017ed\u00fd jedl masopustn\u00ed \u0161i\u0161ky a kobl\u00ed\u017eky, vesele pop\u00edjel, zp\u00edval a tan\u010dil p\u0159i hudb\u011b pi\u0161tc\u016f a hudc\u016f. V\u017edy\u0165 i \u010de\u0161t\u00ed kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 v tu dobu strojili n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 masopustn\u00ed kvasy, na kter\u00fdch hodovali se v\u0161emi pozvan\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n

Masopust dr\u017e\u00edme,<\/em>
\n nic se nevad\u00edme<\/em>
\n pospolu.<\/em>
\n Pro\u010d bychom se h\u00e1dali,<\/em>
\n kdy\u017e jsme se tak shledali<\/em>
\n poznovu!<\/em>
\n V dobr\u00e9m jsme se se\u0161li,<\/em>
\n r\u00e1di jsme se na\u0161li<\/em>
\n pospolu.<\/em>
\n D\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e se rozejdeme,<\/em>
\n je\u0161t\u011b sob\u011b p\u0159ipijeme<\/em>
\n poznovu!<\/em><\/p>\n

Ned\u011ble po tu\u010dn\u00e9m \u010dtvrtku byla dnem, kdy za\u010d\u00ednala hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1bava. Tuto z\u00e1bavu zah\u00e1jil pochopiteln\u011b bohat\u00fd ob\u011bd. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b se jeho slo\u017een\u00ed li\u0161ilo podle finan\u010dn\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed. Obvykl\u00e9 byly vep\u0159ov\u00e9 hody, klob\u00e1sy, slanina, ale tak\u00e9 bo\u017e\u00ed milosti a koblihy sma\u017een\u00e9 na m\u00e1sle. V\u0161e se tak\u00e9 hojn\u011b zap\u00edjelo ko\u0159alkou a pivem. Ned\u011bln\u00ed ob\u011bd se ale dlouho neprotahoval, v\u0161ichni se museli p\u0159ipravit na ve\u010dern\u00ed z\u00e1bavu. Pak se lid\u00e9 vydali na tane\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1bavu, kter\u00e1 nez\u0159\u00eddka skon\u010dila a\u017e v pond\u011bl\u00ed r\u00e1no. Proto byla tak\u00e9 tato ned\u011ble naz\u00fdv\u00e1na \u201etane\u010dn\u00ed ned\u011bl\u00ed\u201c. Pov\u011bra, kter\u00e1 se v\u00e1\u017ee k tane\u010dn\u00ed ned\u011bli, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee bude v l\u00e9t\u011b tak vysok\u00e9 obil\u00ed a len, jak vysoko budou tane\u010dn\u00edci vyskakovat. Charakteristick\u00fdmi pro tento den byly tzv. jalov\u00e9 hody, kter\u00e9 po\u0159\u00e1daly zpravidla \u017eeny. Ty zaplatily hospodu a muzikanty a po\u0159\u00e1daly z\u00e1bavu samy pro sebe.<\/p>\n

Co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 n\u00e1zv\u016f a zvyk\u016f, ty se ve v\u0161ech kraj\u00edch od sebe li\u0161ili. Podle toho, jak si je obyvatel\u00e9 dan\u00fdch kraj\u016f vymysleli. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v Praze si v osmn\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed mohli lid\u00e9 z bohat\u0161\u00edch vrstev zatan\u010dit na redutech, tedy na masopustn\u00edch plesech. Pokud si mysl\u00edte, \u017ee o masopustn\u00edm pond\u011bl\u00ed lid\u00e9 odpo\u010d\u00edvali po pro tancovan\u00e9 ned\u011bli, tak se velice m\u00fdl\u00edte.<\/p>\n

V pond\u011bl\u00ed se toti\u017e v tanci pokra\u010dovalo. Ale jeden mal\u00fd rozd\u00edl v tom p\u0159ece jenom byl. V masopustn\u00ed pond\u011bl\u00ed se toti\u017e kdysi po\u0159\u00e1dal takzvan\u00fd \u201emu\u017eovsk\u00fd b\u00e1l\u201c. Na takov\u00e9 z\u00e1bav\u011b se v\u0161ak mohli bavit a tancovat pouze mu\u017ei v chomoutu a \u017eeny pod \u010depcem. Tedy ti, kte\u0159\u00ed m\u011bli man\u017eela, \u010di man\u017eelku. Svobodn\u00e1 chasa mohla sice t\u00e9to veselici p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eet, ale do kola nesm\u011bla.<\/p>\n

V \u00fater\u00fd, kter\u00e9mu se \u0159\u00edkalo \u201ema\u0161karn\u00ed \u00fater\u00fd\u201c, masopust vyvrcholil. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tento den se po\u0159\u00e1daly ty pov\u011bstn\u00e9 pr\u016fvody ma\u0161kar. Hr\u00e1valy se ale tak\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1kovsk\u00e9 divadeln\u00ed hry. Zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00e1s, jak\u00fd byl nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1m\u011bt takov\u00fdch her? Tak d\u00e1vejte pozor: Byl to soud s opilcem Bakchusem.<\/p>\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu 19. stolet\u00ed se rozvinuly dal\u0161\u00ed formy z\u00e1bav, masopustn\u00ed merendy, ostatkov\u00e9 b\u00e1ly, sokolsk\u00e9 \u0161ib\u0159inky, ma\u0161karn\u00ed v\u011bne\u010dky a plesy r\u016fzn\u00fdch spolk\u016f, \u017eivnostensk\u00fdch, \u0159emeslnick\u00fdch \u010di stolov\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se ujaly na venkov\u011b; maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 star\u0161\u00ed ko\u0159eny v m\u011b\u0161\u0165ansk\u00fdch redut\u00e1ch. Tyto z\u00e1bavy m\u011bly r\u016fzn\u00fd charakter, od \u017eertovn\u00fdch vystoupen\u00ed jednotlivc\u016f a kuplet\u016f ke sc\u00e9nk\u00e1m na ur\u010dit\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. V programu i ve v\u00fdzdob\u011b s\u00e1lu nechyb\u011bla \u010desk\u00e1 vlasteneck\u00e1 a lidov\u00e1 nota.<\/p>\n

Na ma\u0161karn\u00edm v\u011bne\u010dku v P\u00edsku v roce 1883 se m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u00e9 a m\u011b\u0161\u0165anky objevili na sc\u00e9n\u011b v jiho\u010desk\u00fdch kroj\u00edch a p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bli svatebn\u00ed oby\u010deje. B\u00e1ly znamenaly na vsi n\u011bco nov\u00e9ho, jin\u00e9ho, odli\u0161n\u00e9ho od b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch tane\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1bav, jak to vystihl pam\u011btn\u00edk z Lubom\u011b\u0159e. B\u00e1l \u2013 to u\u017e bylo n\u011bco lep\u0161\u00edho. Na b\u00e1l se chodilo po p\u00e1rech a nikdy ne o samot\u011b. Ale na to lid\u00e9 nebyli zvykl\u00ed! P\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9 muzice bylo v\u017edycky zp\u011bvu a k\u0159iku, sm\u00edchu a \u0161\u010d\u00e9\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee mnoh\u00fdm bylo vid\u011bt a\u017e mandle v krku. Ale co na b\u00e1le? Kdy\u017e p\u0159i\u0161el do s\u00e1lu u\u010ditel, hned chodil mezi obecenstvem a nab\u00e1dal lid ke slu\u0161n\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed a tichosti: Mezi oby\u010dejnou divokou muzikou a hasi\u010dsk\u00fdm b\u00e1lem mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ece rozd\u00edl!<\/p>\n

B\u00e1lovn\u00edky v\u00edtala hospoda vyzdoben\u00e1 pap\u00edrov\u00fdmi kv\u011bty, f\u00e1bory a v\u016fn\u00ed jehli\u010dnat\u00fdch v\u011btv\u00ed, na b\u00e1lech se v\u017edy n\u011bco dra\u017eilo a nedra\u017eily se jen sladkosti, dra\u017e\u00edval se i kr\u00e1l\u00edk s pentl\u00ed okolo krku, rozmar\u00fdnem oblo\u017een\u00fd a p\u0159iv\u00e1zan\u00fd k desce. Oblib\u011b se vesm\u011bs t\u011b\u0161ily z\u00e1st\u011brkov\u00e9 b\u00e1ly, na nich\u017e \u017eeny vystupovaly v b\u00edl\u00fdch z\u00e1st\u011br\u00e1ch a b\u00edl\u00fdmi pap\u00edrov\u00fdmi z\u00e1st\u011brkami vyzdobily tane\u010dn\u00ed m\u00edstnost jako symbol ples\u00e1n\u00ed. Byla to jejich z\u00e1bava a samy si braly mu\u017ee k tanci.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Masopust. In Ott\u016fv slovn\u00edk nau\u010dn\u00fd. 16. d\u00edl. Praha: J. Otto, 1900. M\u00edk, Rudolf: \u017divotem na d\u011bdin\u011b aneb K sm\u00edchu i k pl\u00e1\u010di. Z p\u00edsm\u00e1ck\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f star\u00e9ho d\u011bdin\u00e1\u0159e vybral a upravil Stanislav \u0160indler. Ostrava 1960, Kop\u0159iva, Franti\u0161ek: Mal\u00e1 Roudka. \u017divot a pr\u00e1ce na\u0161eho lidu. D\u00edl III., s. 197. Ps\u00e1no
\n1964 \u20131967.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Na\u0161i <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":215685,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/12\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-o-masopustn\u00ed-ned\u011bli.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185407"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=185407"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185407\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":215741,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185407\/revisions\/215741"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/215685"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=185407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=185407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=185407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}