{"id":183036,"date":"2020-01-26T10:39:20","date_gmt":"2020-01-26T09:39:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=183036"},"modified":"2020-02-18T07:41:17","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T06:41:17","slug":"historicky-kalendar-26-1-1640-zemrel-jindrich-matyas-thurn-vudce-ceskeho-stavovskeho-povstani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=183036","title":{"rendered":"HISTORICK\u00dd KALEND\u00c1\u0158: 26.1.1640 &#8211; Zem\u0159el Jind\u0159ich Maty\u00e1\u0161 Thurn, v\u016fdce \u010desk\u00e9ho stavovsk\u00e9ho povst\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-183037 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/26\/thurn.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"505\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/26\/thurn.jpg 960w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/26\/thurn-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/26\/thurn-768x404.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/26\/thurn-679x357.jpg 679w, https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/26\/thurn-918x483.jpg 918w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6>P\u0159ed 380 lety zem\u0159el jeden z v\u016fdc\u016f \u010desk\u00e9ho stavovsk\u00e9ho povst\u00e1n\u00ed, hrab\u011b Jind\u0159ich Maty\u00e1\u0161 Thurn. Byl v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm bojovn\u00edkem za \u010deskou samostatnost a pod\u00edlel se jak n<span class=\"text_exposed_show\">a t\u0159et\u00ed (n\u011bkdy myln\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako druh\u00e9) pra\u017esk\u00e9 defenestraci, tak na t\u0159icetilet\u00e9 v\u00e1lce.<\/span><\/h6>\n<div class=\"text_exposed_show\">\n<p>Narodil se v protestantsk\u00e9 hrab\u011bc\u00ed rodin\u011b v Innsbrucku jako p\u00e1t\u00fd syn. A\u010dkoli se nikdy nenau\u010dil po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b \u010desky, str\u00e1vil velkou \u010d\u00e1st \u017eivota pr\u00e1v\u011b u n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n<p>Spolu s bratry studoval na \u0161kole v brn\u011bnsk\u00fdch Ivan\u010dic\u00edch, kterou tehdy vedl v\u00fdznamn\u00fd u\u010denec Estrom z Wittenberga. Mezi jeho spolu\u017e\u00e1ky pat\u0159ili nap\u0159\u00edklad Karel star\u0161\u00ed ze \u017derot\u00edna a Karel I. z Lichten\u0161tejna, jedni z nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejschopn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch moravsk\u00fdch \u0161lechtic\u016f v\u016fbec.<\/p>\n<p>Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed a schopnosti Maty\u00e1\u0161ovi umo\u017enily, aby se stal c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00fdm diplomatem. Tak\u017ee p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e vstoupil do arm\u00e1dy, procestoval velkou \u010d\u00e1st Bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho v\u00fdchodu. Pot\u00e9 se zapojil do boj\u016f proti Osman\u016fm a z\u00edskal titul v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho hrdiny.<\/p>\n<p>M\u011bl \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed i v r\u00e1mci d\u011bdictv\u00ed a s\u0148atkov\u00e9 politiky (co\u017e pro p\u00e1t\u00e9ho syna nebylo \u00fapln\u011b obvykl\u00e9) a poda\u0159ilo se mu zakoupit panstv\u00ed Veli\u0161 na Ji\u010d\u00ednsku. Byl p\u0159ijat mezi \u010desk\u00e9 stavy a jako protestant velmi bojoval za udr\u017een\u00ed Rudolfova majest\u00e1tu (tedy slibu n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch svobod).<\/p>\n<p>Vyzkou\u0161el si roli velitele stavovsk\u00fdch vojsk a d\u00e1l budoval \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou kari\u00e9ru ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch (i proti) Habsburk\u016fm. Tedy jen do t\u00e9 chv\u00edle, ne\u017e c\u00edsa\u0159 Ferdinand II. p\u0159es sv\u016fj slib zru\u0161il Rudolf\u016fv majest\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p>Protestant\u0161t\u00ed \u010de\u0161t\u00ed stavov\u00e9 si Maty\u00e1\u0161e z Thurnu velice pova\u017eovali. Ud\u011blili mu i \u010destn\u00fd titul a pod jeho veden\u00edm nakonec vyhodili z oken kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 m\u00edstodr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed. P\u0159evrat se jim zda\u0159il, stavov\u00e9 p\u0159evzali moc a Thurn se stal hlavn\u00edm velitel vojska. Zaznamenal pom\u011brn\u011b slu\u0161n\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy: nap\u0159\u00edklad dobyl \u010cesk\u00fd Krumlov a opakovan\u011b p\u0159it\u00e1hl skoro a\u017e k V\u00eddni.<\/p>\n<p>Po zvolen\u00ed Fridricha Falck\u00e9ho na tr\u016fn byl v\u0161ak z vrchn\u00edho velen\u00ed odvol\u00e1n a na jeho m\u00edsto byl dosazen Kristi\u00e1n Anhaltsk\u00fd. Zp\u00e1tky do funkce velitele stavovsk\u00fdch vojsk byl Thurn jmenov\u00e1n a\u017e n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159ed neslavnou por\u00e1\u017ekou v bitv\u011b na B\u00edl\u00e9 ho\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed popravou se Jind\u0159ichu Maty\u00e1\u0161ovi poda\u0159ilo ut\u00e9ct na z\u00e1pad. A\u017e do konce \u017eivota se sna\u017eil p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vl\u00e1dce k boji proti Habsburk\u016fm. Dokonce vyv\u00edjel tlak na slavn\u00e9ho vojev\u016fdce Albrechta z Vald\u0161tejna, aby zm\u011bnil stranu a stal se \u010desk\u00fdm kr\u00e1lem. A to se mu mo\u017en\u00e1 i povedlo, jen\u017ee Vald\u0161tejn byl zavra\u017ed\u011bn v Chebu a t\u00edm skon\u010dily i posledn\u00ed Thurnovy snahy o osvobozen\u00ed \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed z Habsbursk\u00e9 nadvl\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n<p>Jind\u0159ich Maty\u00e1\u0161 Turn se do\u017eil na svou dobu po\u017eehnan\u00fdch 73 let. A\u010d se nikdy po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nenau\u010dil n\u00e1\u0161 jazyk a nebyl p\u016fvodem \u010cech, pat\u0159il k nejvytrvalej\u0161\u00edm a nejudatn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm bojovn\u00edk\u016fm za \u010deskou samostatnost. Zem\u0159el jako velitel pevnosti v Tallinnu, dne\u0161n\u00edm hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Estonska.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159ipravuje: Honza BOBEK,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/thinkinggentleman\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Thinking Gentleman<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; P\u0159ed <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":183038,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[157],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/26\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-thurn.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/183036"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=183036"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/183036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":183039,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/183036\/revisions\/183039"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/183038"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=183036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=183036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=183036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}