{"id":181609,"date":"2021-01-20T13:49:20","date_gmt":"2021-01-20T12:49:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=181609"},"modified":"2021-01-20T13:49:20","modified_gmt":"2021-01-20T12:49:20","slug":"stara-sumava-zimni-houbareni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=181609","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Zimn\u00ed houba\u0159en\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Nev\u00edte, co s voln\u00fdm zimn\u00edm odpolednem? Co takhle vyrazit na houby? Slun\u00ed\u010dko sv\u00edt\u00ed a h\u0159eje, les von\u00ed vl\u00e1hou, pt\u00e1ci zp\u00edvaj\u00ed\u2026 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159edstava ka\u017ed\u00e9ho houba\u0159e. Ale kdy\u017e je teplota na bodu mrazu, okolo b\u00edlo a fu\u010d\u00ed, napadlo by n\u011bkoho vyrazit s ko\u0161\u00edkem na houby? Hlavn\u00ed houba\u0159sk\u00e1 sezona je sice d\u00e1vno za n\u00e1mi, ale houby lze sb\u00edrat i v zim\u011b.<\/h6>\n

Pokud to sn\u011bhov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky na \u0160umav\u011b dovol\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete na houby vyrazit i t\u0159eba na b\u011b\u017ek\u00e1ch s houba\u0159sk\u00fdm ko\u0161\u00edkem. Nav\u00edc se p\u0159i zimn\u00edm houba\u0159en\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nesetk\u00e1te s \u017e\u00e1dnou konkurenc\u00ed. Sp\u00ed\u0161 se p\u0159ipravte na to, \u017ee a\u017e pojedete s ko\u0161\u00edkem do lesa, m\u016f\u017eou si b\u011b\u017eka\u0159i klepat na \u010delo. Sta\u010d\u00ed zvednout o\u010di a zimn\u00ed houby obvykle najdete na pa\u0159ezech nebo kmenech strom\u016f. Jsou v\u0161ude. Klobouky rostou nad sebou v trsech, \u0159ad\u00e1ch nebo vrstv\u00e1ch nad sebou. Trsy plodnic mohou dosahovat hmotnosti i n\u011bkolika kilogram\u016f. No \u0159ekn\u011bte, nen\u00ed to romantika, vyrazit s ko\u0161\u00edkem na zasn\u011b\u017een\u00e9 pl\u00e1n\u011b a odv\u00e1\u017eet si bohat\u00fd \u00falovek, ze kter\u00e9ho se lze t\u011b\u0161it celou sez\u00f3nu?<\/p>\n

Zimn\u00ed houby houba\u0159i sb\u00edraj\u00ed velmi z\u0159\u00eddka. Jednak jsou m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 a houba\u0159i r\u00e1di sb\u00edraj\u00ed houby, kter\u00e9 bezpe\u010dn\u011b a notoricky znaj\u00ed. D\u00e1le hraje roli chladn\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed, kdy u\u017e chozen\u00ed po lese, obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b ve sn\u011bhu, je u\u017e n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e letn\u00ed proch\u00e1zka v tri\u010dku. Milovn\u00edci a znalci hub se tomuto kon\u00ed\u010dku v\u011bnuj\u00ed po cel\u00fd rok a obl\u00edbenou pochoutku si tak mohou dop\u0159\u00e1t v ka\u017ed\u00e9m ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed. N\u011bkomu se to m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t jako legra\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1pad, vydat se s ko\u0161\u00edkem do lesa na houby t\u0159eba na \u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den. To aby se \u010dlov\u011bk c\u00edtil jako Maru\u0161ka z poh\u00e1dky O dvan\u00e1cti m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1ch. Rostou toti\u017e zimn\u00ed houby.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00edm chud\u0161\u00ed kraj, t\u00edm \u010dast\u011bji se houby objevovaly v kuchyni celoro\u010dn\u011b. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1valo se jim \u201emaso chud\u00fdch\u201c. Proto nejv\u00edce houbov\u00fdch recept\u016f najdeme na \u0160umav\u011b nebo Po\u0161umav\u00ed. V\u011b\u0159ilo se, \u017ee jsou to poz\u016fstatky v\u00edl\u00edch tanc\u016f. A zat\u00edmco dobrotiv\u00e9 v\u00edly zanech\u00e1valy ve sv\u00fdch stop\u00e1ch houby jedl\u00e9 nebo alespo\u0148 ne\u0161kodn\u00e9, tak ve stop\u00e1ch zl\u00fdch divo\u017eenek vyr\u016fstaly houby jedovat\u00e9. Sb\u011br a konzumace hub prov\u00e1z\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka od nepam\u011bti. Zat\u00edmco houby pat\u0159ily na stolech vl\u00e1dnouc\u00edch vrstev a c\u00edrkve k luxusu (tedy vybran\u00e9 druhy hub jako lan\u00fd\u017ee), doklady o tom, co sb\u00edral a konzumoval prost\u00fd lid, neexistuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Zku\u0161enosti se p\u0159ed\u00e1valy pouze \u00fastn\u011b d\u00edky negramotnosti naprost\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161iny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm venkovsk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva, a to v n\u011bkter\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a\u017e do pol. 19. stolet\u00ed. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu tis\u00edcilet\u00ed byla strava prost\u00fdch obyvatel naru\u0161ov\u00e1na v\u00e1lkami, ne\u00farodou a hladomorem, kdy bylo nutn\u00e9 hledat n\u00e1hradn\u00ed ob\u017eivu. Krom\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch historick\u00fdch obdob\u00ed, b\u011bhem nich\u017e se na houby pohl\u00ed\u017eelo jako na produkt \u010f\u00e1bla a zl\u00fdch sil, se po\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hub tradovalo z generace na generaci, bohu\u017eel ale bez jak\u00fdchkoliv zachovan\u00fdch listinn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n

Velkou pozornost v\u011bnovali houbov\u00fdm tradic\u00edm na\u0161i obrozenci v 19. stolet\u00ed, sb\u00edrali toti\u017e po\u0159ekadla a p\u00edsn\u011b o houb\u00e1ch. Ur\u010dit\u011b jste si v\u0161imli, \u017ee v\u017edy, kdy\u017e doraz\u00edte do les\u016f, tak houby na star\u00fdch stromech, hl\u00edva \u00fast\u0159i\u010dn\u00e1, pa\u0159ezn\u00edk, sametono\u017eky, rostouc\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok na stejn\u00fdch kmenech st\u00e1le na v\u00e1s \u010dekaj\u00ed. Kdyby m\u00edstn\u00ed lid na houby chodil a nav\u00edc v pravideln\u00fdch intervalech, tak tam zimn\u00ed plodnice nikdy nenajdete. Star\u00e9 houba\u0159sk\u00e9 generace ji\u017e nejsou mezi n\u00e1mi a ty nov\u00e9 houba\u0159en\u00ed ji\u017e nikdo nenau\u010dil. A tak je to o cel\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. Rok za rokem je v\u0161ude kolem mnoho hl\u00edvy \u00fast\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 a snad nejv\u00edce na d\u0159ev\u011b tam u nebe. Ten je tam odjak\u017eiva a na v\u011bky v\u011bk\u016f, proto\u017ee je stra\u0161n\u011b moc vysoko a bez \u017eeb\u0159\u00edku se k n\u011bmu ned\u00e1 dos\u00e1hnout. Kdo tam bude tahat \u017eeb\u0159\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Zav\u0159ete o\u010di, zad\u00edvejte se do t\u011bch sv\u00fdch hvozd\u016f a sna\u017ete se v pam\u011bti naj\u00edt star\u00e9 stromy. Takov\u00e9 ty mohyk\u00e1ny, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e na prvn\u00ed pohled, pro svou kr\u00e1su, neobvyklost, ka\u017ed\u00e9ho okouzl\u00ed a pod nohy sn\u00edh a kmen pln\u00fd hub.
\nMr\u00e1z jim, na rozd\u00edl od hub h\u0159ibovit\u00fdch, nijak nevad\u00ed a lze je beze strachu sb\u00edrat. Dop\u0159\u00e1t si pak m\u016f\u017eete klasick\u00e9 \u0161t\u011bdrove\u010dern\u00ed j\u00eddlo horal\u016f. V zim\u011b sice roste jen m\u00e1lo druh\u016f jedl\u00fdch hub, jedn\u00e1 se ale v\u011bt\u0161inou o houby chutn\u00e9 a n\u011bkter\u00e9 dokonce l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9. Zimn\u00ed houby m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt v les\u00edch, ale tak\u00e9 pod\u00e9l \u0159ek nebo rybn\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 nelze s ni\u010d\u00edm zam\u011bnit, a na kter\u00e9 se proto m\u016f\u017ee vypravit i \u00fapln\u00fd laik, ani\u017e by riskoval, \u017ee sebere n\u011bco nejedl\u00e9ho nebo dokonce jedovat\u00e9ho. Kdy\u017e jedete pomalu autem kolem listnat\u00fdch strom\u016f, kter\u00e9 v t\u00e9to dob\u011b nemaj\u00ed list\u00ed, tak jsou vid\u011bt. V sobotu jsem ze Stach\u016f na \u0160umav\u011b a pouze z jednoho kmenu jsem natrhal ta\u0161ku hl\u00edvy…<\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Encyklopedie hub a li\u0161ejn\u00edk\u016f \u2013 V. Anton\u00edn, Academia 2006, L\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 houby podle bylin\u00e1\u0159e Pavla – P. V\u00e1\u0148a, Eminent 2003<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  Nev\u00edte, <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":213706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/20\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-star\u00e1-\u0161umava.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181609"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=181609"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":213707,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181609\/revisions\/213707"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/213706"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=181609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=181609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=181609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}