{"id":179613,"date":"2020-12-17T14:12:34","date_gmt":"2020-12-17T13:12:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=179613"},"modified":"2020-12-17T14:12:34","modified_gmt":"2020-12-17T13:12:34","slug":"stara-sumava-kvet-svate-noci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=179613","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Kv\u011bt svat\u00e9 noci"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzda<\/h6>\n

Hv\u011bzda se objevila<\/em>
\nna temn\u00fdch nebes\u00edch,<\/em>
\nte\u010f stoup\u00e1 cel\u00e1 b\u00edl\u00e1<\/em>
\nk p\u016flnoci nad lesy:<\/em>
\nz\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jak ohe\u0148 n\u011bm\u00fd<\/em>
\nnad ztichlou \u0161irou zem\u00ed.<\/em>
\nV tob\u011b i mn\u011b<\/em>
\ntmu v srdci najde si.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ostatn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy hasnou<\/em>
\na pohlt\u00ed je noc.<\/em>
\nTo p\u0159ed n\u00ed, divukr\u00e1snou,<\/em>
\nztrat\u00ed s\u00edlu a moc.<\/em>
\nJen ona stoj\u00ed v jasu<\/em>
\nna sam\u00e9m prahu \u010das\u016f,<\/em>
\ntob\u011b i mn\u011b<\/em>
\njde v nouzi na pomoc.<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u011bj sv\u00e9 o\u010di i du\u0161i<\/em>
\naspo\u0148 te\u010f doko\u0159\u00e1n!<\/em>
\nTa hv\u011bzda d\u00e1v\u00e1 tu\u0161it<\/em>
\nz nejzaz\u0161\u00edch nebe bran,<\/em>
\nz t\u00e9 n\u00e1hle bl\u00edzk\u00e9 d\u00e1li<\/em>
\n\u017ee v \u010distot\u011b, co p\u00e1l\u00ed,<\/em>
\nk tob\u011b i mn\u011b<\/em>
\ndnes v noci vejde P\u00e1n.<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159i pohledu na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzdu se v\u0161em vybavuj\u00ed momenty sv\u00e1tk\u016f. N\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed prosincovou zimu prol\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed se lidsk\u00fdm teplem a humanitou. V ka\u017ed\u00e9 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzd\u011b je radost, nad\u011bje a spokojenost. Nau\u010dili jsme se v \u017eivot\u011b velmi dob\u0159e v\u011b\u0159it, ale nau\u010dili jsme se spole\u010dn\u011b d\u00e1t nad\u011bji i druh\u00fdm.<\/h6>\n

Ve v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch hv\u011bzd\u00e1ch jsou utajen\u00e9 stisky rukou a srde\u010dn\u00e1 objet\u00ed… tv\u00e1\u0159e a pohledy, na kter\u00e9 se nikdy nezapomene… d\u011bti, \u017eeny, mu\u017ei a sta\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 spojeni stejnou bolest\u00ed a stejn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edm… touha po \u0161\u0165astn\u00e9m osudu. V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzda (Poinsettia) je nep\u0159ehl\u00e9dnuteln\u00e1, pestr\u00e1 a slavnostn\u011b vyhl\u00ed\u017eej\u00edc\u00ed rostlina, a\u010dkoli jsou jej\u00ed kv\u011bty drobn\u00e9 a nen\u00e1padn\u00e9. Zrak v\u0161ak p\u0159itahuj\u00ed n\u00e1dhern\u011b vybarven\u00e9 listeny pod kv\u00edtky.<\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bji jsou jasn\u011b \u010derven\u00e9, co\u017e v kontrastu s tmavou zelen\u00ed list\u016f p\u016fsob\u00ed slavnostn\u011b. Jej\u00ed typick\u00e9 \u010derveno-zelen\u00e9 zbarven\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00ed velmi slavnostn\u011b, a proto se pry\u0161ec n\u00e1dhern\u00fd zvan\u00fd v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzda stal tradi\u010dn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzdoby v dom\u00e1cnosti. Vykv\u00e9t\u00e1 v dob\u011b, kdy noc je del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 12 hodin, co\u017e je v m\u00edrn\u00e9m p\u00e1su severn\u00ed polokoule pr\u00e1v\u011b v obdob\u00ed v\u00e1noc.<\/p>\n

To co \u010din\u00ed tuto rostlinu zaj\u00edmavou, v\u0161ak nejsou kv\u011bty, kter\u00e9 jsou pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e9, nen\u00e1padn\u00e9, ale velk\u00e9 \u010derven\u011b zbarven\u00e9 listeny, kter\u00e9 vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed kolem kv\u011btenstv\u00ed a p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed tak hv\u011bzdu. Vra\u0165me se k v\u0161ak na za\u010d\u00e1tek k jej\u00edmu dal\u0161\u00edmu lidov\u00e9mu jm\u00e9nu poinsentia \u010di poinz\u00e9nie. To z\u00edskala podle velvyslance USA v Mexiku Joela Poinsetta, kter\u00fd byl tak nad\u0161en touto rostlinou, \u017ee si j\u00ed v roce 1825 odvezl dom\u016f do USA. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku j\u00ed rozd\u00e1val sv\u00fdm p\u0159\u00e1tel\u016fm, ale zlom nastal v moment\u011b, kdy rostlinu z\u00edskalo jedno zahradnictv\u00ed v Pennsylv\u00e1nii a za\u010dalo j\u00ed p\u011bstovat ve velk\u00e9m. Podle velvyslance ji pojmenoval v roce 1836 americk\u00fd zahradn\u00edk William Prescott. Poinsetia si rychle z\u00edskala oblibu v USA.<\/p>\n

Prakticky cel\u00e9 20. stolet\u00ed m\u011bla monopol na p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed rostliny rodina Eckov\u00fdch z Kalifornie. Nejprve j\u00ed za\u010dali p\u011bstovat a prod\u00e1vat, postupn\u011b za\u010dali roubovat. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pr\u00e1v\u011b oni p\u0159i\u0161li na to, jak vyp\u011bstovat rostliny, kter\u00e9 budou v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010di vypadat dob\u0159e. Ale ani to nesta\u010dilo k tomu, aby se v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed kv\u011bt stal nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed na\u0161ich obydl\u00ed v dob\u011b v\u00e1noc. Ji\u017e v 17. stolet\u00ed se v Mexiku sna\u017eili franti\u0161k\u00e1ni spojit tuto rostlinu s v\u00e1nocemi. Naz\u00fdvali j\u00ed betl\u00e9mskou hv\u011bzdou a barvu listen\u016f spojovaly s krv\u00ed Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista.<\/p>\n

Na\u0161e domovy dobyla a\u017e spole\u010dn\u011b s televizn\u00edm vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00edm. Paulovi Eckovi se poda\u0159ilo dostat prvn\u00ed t\u0159i rostliny do televizn\u00edch stanic jako dekoraci v p\u0159edv\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm \u010dase. To byl za\u010d\u00e1tek \u00fasp\u011bchu, kter\u00fd podpo\u0159ili jeho dal\u0161\u00ed propaga\u010dn\u00ed vystoupen\u00ed v televizn\u00edch po\u0159adech a vedly ke zm\u011bn\u011b pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed poinsentie na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed kv\u011bt \u010di hv\u011bzdu. V 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed v\u0161ak bylo tajemstv\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch hv\u011bzd vyzrazeno, \u010deho\u017e se chytila konkurence.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1sledek bylo p\u0159esunut\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy do m\u00edst s levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlou, do zem\u00ed Latinsk\u00e9 Ameriky. Dnes pat\u0159\u00ed, vedle ban\u00e1n\u016f, k\u00e1vy, kardamomu \u010di cukru mezi nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed exportn\u00ed komodity Guatemaly. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee se v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzda stala obl\u00edbenou sez\u00f3nn\u00ed okrasou ve v\u0161ech \u0161pan\u011blsky mluv\u00edc\u00edch zem\u00edch.<\/p>\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9 zemi j\u00ed \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed jinak. Krom\u011b v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzdy \u010di v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho kv\u011btu, j\u00ed \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed i koruna \u010di kv\u011bt Ink\u016f, koruna And. V Mexiku se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jm\u00e9no Noche buena (\u0160t\u011bdr\u00fd den), v Argentin\u011b z\u00edskala ozna\u010den\u00ed feder\u00e1ln\u00ed hv\u011bzda podle vlajky jedn\u00e9 politick\u00e9 strany, ve Venezuele se j\u00ed \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 papagayo (papou\u0161ek) v Nikaragui zase pastora. Ve \u0160pan\u011blsku je nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed flor de Pascua (kv\u011bt Bo\u017e\u00edho hodu). Do Evropy se prvn\u00ed rostliny dostaly v roce 1804, kdy zat\u00edm nepopsan\u00fd rostlinn\u00fd druh p\u0159ivezl ze sv\u00e9 cesty do Ameriky Alexander von Humboldt. V roce 1833 byl druh pops\u00e1n a spr\u00e1vn\u011b za\u0159azen mezi pry\u0161ce (rod Euphorbia).<\/p>\n

Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b by je\u0161t\u011b dlouho z\u016fstal pouze jednou z mnoha herb\u00e1\u0159ov\u00fdch polo\u017eek, kdyby v roce 1855 neodjel na svou prvn\u00ed cestu do Ameriky Benedikt Roezl. Zahradn\u00edk, p\u0159ezd\u00edvan\u00fd lovec orchidej\u00ed, na sv\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch nesb\u00edral jen orchideje, ale v\u0161echny druhy rostlin, kter\u00e9 byly dekorativn\u00ed a mohly se v Evrop\u011b l\u00edbit. Sv\u00e9 cesty si financoval s\u00e1m a vyd\u011bl\u00e1val na n\u011b sb\u011brem a prodejem rostlin do zahradnictv\u00ed. Mezi rostlinami, kter\u00e9 poslal evropsk\u00fdm zahradnictv\u00edm, byla i v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzda. K jej\u00edmu \u00fasp\u011bchu na evropsk\u00e9m trhu p\u0159isp\u011bly dal\u0161\u00ed generace, kter\u00e9 se v\u011bnovaly \u0161lecht\u011bn\u00ed druhu, tak aby byl vhodn\u00fd pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed ve vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00fdch bytech a tak\u00e9 \u0161lecht\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch barevn\u00fdch variet s listeny b\u00edl\u00fdmi, \u017elut\u00fdmi, r\u016f\u017eov\u00fdmi, modr\u00fdmi \u010di sv\u011btle \u010derven\u00fdmi se sv\u011btl\u00fdmi okraji.<\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Nad\u011b\u017eda Gutzerov\u00e1, Hoam!, 1990, \u010d. 12, s. 763 Johanne Linke P\u0159eklady a \u010desk\u00e9 texty Jan Mare\u0161, Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Z cyklu Star\u00e1 \u0160umava)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed hv\u011bzda <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":211140,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/17\/r\u00e1me\u010dek-star\u00e1-\u0161umava.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179613"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=179613"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179613\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":211139,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/179613\/revisions\/211139"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/211140"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=179613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=179613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=179613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}