{"id":175609,"date":"2024-10-30T18:57:34","date_gmt":"2024-10-30T17:57:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=175609"},"modified":"2024-10-30T19:00:56","modified_gmt":"2024-10-30T18:00:56","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-svatek-vsech-svatych-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=175609","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: Sv\u00e1tek V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Na hrob\u011b sest\u0159in\u011b<\/strong>
\nNad hroby ti\u0161e peru\u0165 rozprost\u0159ela noc tmavo\u010dern\u00e1,<\/em>
\nV kl\u00ednu jejich hlubok\u00e9m m\u00edr a tichost panuje,<\/em>
\nPoh\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00ed v sladk\u00e9m snu kolem sp\u00ed brat\u0159i pokojn\u011b;<\/em>
\nV sen zde klesne chodec, svou tady pou\u0165 dokon\u00e1,<\/em>
\nSp\u00ed ve tichu hlubok\u00e9m, o\u010dek\u00e1vaje jitra zlat\u00e9ho;<\/em>
\nJich prsa ji\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 v\u00edce netiskne bolest.<\/em>
\nTak ty i, sestro, nyn\u00ed v chladn\u00e9m sp\u00ed\u0161 l\u016f\u017eku pokojn\u011b,<\/em>
\nZem t\u011b co matka mil\u00e1 v n\u00e1ru\u010di pevn\u011b dr\u017e\u00ed.<\/em>
\nV\u011bt\u0159\u00ed\u010dkem t\u0159eseni stromov\u00e9 na hrob ti sypou kv\u011bt;<\/em>
\nV v\u011bnci se r\u016f\u017ee vinou k\u0159\u00ed\u017eku mal\u00e9ho kolem,<\/em>
\nV ozdobu hrob nimi\u017e ti bratrsk\u00e1 p\u0159ikryla l\u00e1ska,<\/em>
\nJen\u017e se kolem v kr\u00e1sn\u00e9m te\u010f kv\u011btu \u010dervenaj\u00ed;<\/em>
\nMutn\u00e9 si v k\u0159ovin\u011b bl\u00edzk\u00e9 p\u011bje p\u00edsn\u011b slav\u00ed\u010dek,<\/em>
\nV\u016fkoln\u00edch r\u016fvk\u016f sladce von\u00ed kv\u011btiny;<\/em>
\nTy v\u0161ak v\u016fni jejich libou ji\u017e v\u00edce nec\u00edt\u00ed\u0161,<\/em>
\nV\u00edce slav\u00edka ni hlas ji\u017e tebe neprobud\u00ed;<\/em>
\nZd\u00e1 se, \u017ee bou\u0159e lit\u00e1 t\u011b schv\u00e1tila z\u00e1hub\u011b v\u011b\u010dn\u00e9,<\/em>
\nJi\u017e jako poup\u011b mal\u00e9 od ke\u0159e odd\u011blila,<\/em>
\nBy v \u017eivot, ach, nikdy z hrobu ji\u017e si nepovstala v\u00edce:<\/em>
\nV\u0161ak ne nadarmo hled\u00ed na hroby z\u00e1\u0159e rann\u00ed;<\/em>
\nNad hroby slunce zlat\u00e9 t\u00e9\u017e vzejde snad v \u010dase brzk\u00e9m,<\/em>
\nJej\u017e, co hv\u011bzda rann\u00ed, zv\u011bstuje p\u00edsma slovo.<\/em>
\nPak sv\u016fj byt chladn\u00fd v dne nov\u00e9ho sv\u011btle opust\u00ed\u0161,<\/em>
\nKde plyne, vejde\u0161 v st\u00e1n, zdroj blaha nep\u0159ebran\u00fd.<\/em><\/p>\n

… Bude-li zima tepl\u00e1 neb studen\u00e1, sezn\u00e1\u0161 takto: na den V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch jdi hned do lesa, kde najde\u0161 d\u0159evo \u010derstv\u00e9 bukov\u00e9, z toho vezme\u0161 znamen\u00ed jist\u00e9 tv\u00e9. Utni t\u0159\u00edsku, bude-li uvnit\u0159 such\u00e1, tehdy zima nastane tepl\u00e1. Pak-li vlhk\u00e1 ta t\u0159\u00edska vy\u0148at\u00e1, v\u011bz, \u017ee studen\u00e1 bude zima ta…<\/h6>\n

1. listopadu je Den V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch, den kdy rozkv\u00e9taj\u00ed na\u0161e h\u0159bitovy. Je to \u010das, kdy venku zchladne, dny se zkracuj\u00ed a vzpom\u00edn\u00e1me na drah\u00e9 zem\u0159el\u00e9 lidi. Slavnost V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch je k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd sv\u00e1tek, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 v\u0161echny svat\u00e9, a to nejen ty, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou ofici\u00e1ln\u011b kanonizov\u00e1ni c\u00edrkv\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 ty, o \u201ejejich\u017e svatosti nev\u00ed krom\u011b Boha nikdo\u201c. Sv\u00e1tek tak m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt kdokoliv z va\u0161eho okol\u00ed. Obraz svat\u00fdch, kter\u00fd si mnoho z n\u00e1s v sob\u011b nese, je v mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech jednostrann\u00fd anebo sm\u011b\u0161n\u00fd. P\u0159i slov\u011b \u201esvat\u00fd\u201c n\u00e1m pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vyvstanou na mysli obrazy strnul\u00fdch soch nebo maleb, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed osoby ve vytr\u017een\u00ed hled\u00edc\u00ed do jak\u00e9si nadzemsk\u00e9, pro n\u00e1s nespat\u0159iteln\u00e9, sf\u00e9ry.<\/p>\n

V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch \u2013 to je slavnost, kdy vzpom\u00edn\u00e1me na zem\u0159el\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed v z\u00e1klad\u011b ne\u017eili tak odli\u0161n\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem jako mnoz\u00ed z n\u00e1s. Byli obda\u0159eni milostmi a schopnostmi v r\u016fzn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e, ale m\u011bli tak\u00e9 omezenosti, slab\u00e9 str\u00e1nky charakteru a temn\u00e9 str\u00e1nky. Tak jako my neza\u017e\u00edvali jen vzlet do v\u00fd\u0161in, ale byli vystaveni tr\u00fdzn\u00edm osudu \u2013 \u010dasto v daleko v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e ne\u017e my a zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd ohro\u017eoval jejich existenci. P\u0159esto se b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho pozemsk\u00e9ho byt\u00ed, uprost\u0159ed \u017eivotn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f a osudov\u00fdch ran, s vytrvalost\u00ed a s hou\u017eevnatou odvahou a v\u011brnost\u00ed sna\u017eili o to nejlep\u0161\u00ed. Individu\u00e1ln\u00edm zp\u016fsobem n\u00e1sledovali Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e ve smyslu horsk\u00e9ho k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Sv\u00e1tek V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch nen\u00ed jen slavnost vzpom\u00ednek, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jak\u00fdsi po\u017eadavek: je to tak\u00e9 slavnost pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho potencion\u00e1ln\u00edho svat\u00e9ho v ka\u017ed\u00e9m z n\u00e1s. Vzpom\u00ednka na na\u0161e p\u0159edky n\u00e1s chce povzbudit, abychom hledali na\u0161i vlastn\u00ed sp\u00e1sonosnou a spasitelnou \u017eivotn\u00ed cestu a cestu v\u00edry. V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch \u2013 nen\u00ed v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b sv\u00e1tkem povrchn\u00edch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch blouznivc\u016f: \u201eSvat\u00ed? To jsou p\u0159ece ti, skrze n\u011b\u017e sv\u00edt\u00ed sv\u011btlo!\u201c odpov\u011bd\u011blo jedno d\u00edt\u011b na ot\u00e1zku, kdo jsou svat\u00ed, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b p\u0159i vzpom\u00ednce na sluncem zalit\u00e9 kosteln\u00ed okno. Lid\u00e9, skrze n\u011b\u017e z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed sv\u011btlo \u2013 nebylo by kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, kdyby to i ostatn\u00ed mohli \u0159\u00edci o n\u00e1s, nebo\u0165 my bychom se sna\u017eili b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota b\u00fdt v\u00edce z\u00e1\u0159\u00edc\u00ed a prostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro Bo\u017e\u00ed l\u00e1sku?<\/p>\n

Sv\u00e1tek je slaven nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00edm, ale datum se zpo\u010d\u00e1tku r\u016fznil a m\u011bnil. Kelt\u016fm tento sv\u00e1tek p\u0159ipadal na 1. listopad, na po\u010d\u00e1tek jejich nov\u00e9ho roku, a v 9. stolet\u00ed se tomu p\u0159izp\u016fsobil i \u0158\u00edm. Sv\u00e1tek V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch, p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed Du\u0161i\u010dk\u00e1m, je v \u010desk\u00fdch lidov\u00fdch tradic\u00edch spojen\u00fd zejm\u00e9na s oby\u010deji, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly ulevit trp\u00edc\u00edm du\u0161\u00edm od muk. Pat\u0159il sem proto nap\u0159\u00edklad zvyk stav\u011bt k ohni\u0161ti nebo na okno lampu napln\u011bnou m\u00e1slem, aby si j\u00edm du\u0161e v o\u010distci nat\u0159ely r\u00e1ny. Od str\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed tak\u00e9 m\u011blo du\u0161\u00edm ulevit syp\u00e1n\u00ed mouky do ohn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Na \u0160umav\u011b pokl\u00e1daly hospodyn\u011b o tomto sv\u00e1tku do oken chl\u00e9b, aby du\u0161i\u010dky, vracej\u00edc\u00ed se v noci p\u0159ed sv\u00fdm sv\u00e1tkem do sv\u00e9ho domu, m\u011bly co j\u00edst. V\u011b\u0159ilo se, \u017ee p\u00edsk\u00e1-li v kamnech nebo na ohni\u0161ti, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee du\u0161i\u010dky pl\u00e1\u010dou, a do ohn\u011b se proto h\u00e1zely drobky chleba nebo t\u011bsta. Obecn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm zvykem o sv\u00e1tku V\u0161ech svat\u00fdch bylo rozd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed almu\u017eny m\u00edstn\u00ed chudin\u011b. “Koleda za mrtv\u00e9, tak \u0159\u00edkali dar\u016fm v po\u017eivatin\u00e1ch, chlebech, mouce, su\u0161en\u00fdch hru\u0161k\u00e1ch a slanin\u011b, kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely hospodyn\u011b \u017eebr\u00e1k\u016fm, sed\u00edc\u00edm v p\u0159eds\u00edni kostela\u2026
\nDary j\u00eddla byly projevem k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho milosrdenstv\u00ed, ale jejich symbolika byla \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed – souvisely toti\u017e se starou p\u0159edstavou, \u017ee bezmocn\u00ed lid\u00e9 (senio\u0159i, \u017eebr\u00e1ci a d\u011bti) jsou poslov\u00e9 schopn\u00ed zprost\u0159edkovat kontakt mezi pozemsk\u00fdm a nebesk\u00fdm sv\u011btem, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b \u017ee p\u0159\u00edmo zosob\u0148uj\u00ed du\u0161e zem\u0159el\u00fdch.<\/p>\n

A\u017e do 20. stolet\u00ed pak ve m\u011bstech i na vesnic\u00edch p\u0159etrval zvyk p\u0159\u00edpravy du\u0161i\u010dkov\u00e9ho \u010di caletkov\u00e9ho pe\u010diva v podob\u011b dvojit\u00fdch i trojit\u00fdch bochn\u00ed\u010dk\u016f a plet\u00fdnek, tak\u00e9 ale dvou zk\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00fdch kost\u00ed. Du\u0161i\u010dkov\u00e9 pe\u010divo se peklo jak v dom\u00e1cnostech, tak u peka\u0159\u016f a slou\u017eilo op\u011bt k podarov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed i \u017eebr\u00e1k\u016f. Na ji\u017en\u00ed Morav\u011b a v ji\u017en\u00edch i jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch existovaly i obch\u016fzky o du\u0161i\u010dkov\u00e9 pe\u010divo, tomuto zvyku p\u0159ezd\u00edvalo “chozen\u00ed na v\u0161esvatov\u00fd rohl\u00edky”, pop\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zkr\u00e1cen\u011b “chodit po rohl\u00edk\u00e1ch”.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Karel Hynek M\u00e1cha Prvotiny<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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