{"id":164569,"date":"2023-06-13T12:13:46","date_gmt":"2023-06-13T11:13:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=164569"},"modified":"2023-06-13T12:13:46","modified_gmt":"2023-06-13T11:13:46","slug":"z-archivu-a-kronik-luftaci-a-letni-byt-u-zdenka-podskalskeho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=164569","title":{"rendered":"Z ARCHIV\u016e A KRONIK: Luf\u0165\u00e1ci a letn\u00ed byt u Zde\u0148ka Podskalsk\u00e9ho"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Pobyt na letn\u00edch bytech na venkov\u011b se t\u00fdkal st\u0159edn\u00edch a vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch vrstev spole\u010dnosti. \u017dena byla b\u011b\u017en\u011b v dom\u00e1cnosti, rodinu finan\u010dn\u011b zaji\u0161\u0165oval mu\u017e. Mnohdy vyvezl rodinu na venkov a zase se vr\u00e1til do m\u011bsta, kde se na l\u00e9to prom\u011bnil \u2013 \u010dasto s velk\u00fdm uspokojen\u00edm \u2013 ve slam\u011bn\u00e9ho vdovce.<\/h6>\n

Mu\u017ei ve vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm postaven\u00ed m\u00edvali i jist\u00e1 privilegia v\u010detn\u011b pr\u00e1va na del\u0161\u00ed dovolenou (\u010d\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161e postaven\u00fd \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edk, t\u00edm del\u0161\u00ed m\u011bl volno). Pobyt na venkov\u011b nav\u00edc nebyl p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 drah\u00fd. Hospodyn\u011b si b\u011bhem n\u011bj v\u011bt\u0161inou samy va\u0159ily, slu\u017eebnou na l\u00e9to propou\u0161t\u011bly, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se rovn\u011b\u017e u\u0161et\u0159ilo, mnoh\u00e9 rodiny jezdily k p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdm, kter\u00fdm neplatily v\u016fbec nic.<\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zkou, kam na letn\u00ed byt, se zab\u00fdvala v\u011bt\u0161inou hlava rodiny ji\u017e od jara. Nab\u00eddky voln\u00fdch pokoj\u016f nebo n\u011bkdy i cel\u00fdch chalup na venkov\u011b se objevovaly v novinov\u00fdch inzer\u00e1tech. Z\u00e1jemci s p\u0159edstihem jezdili na uveden\u00e9 adresy a zji\u0161\u0165ovali, zda se nab\u00eddka shoduje s realitou. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 bylo vhodn\u00e9 vlakov\u00e9 nebo autobusov\u00e9 spojen\u00ed, nebo\u0165 mnoho luf\u0165\u00e1k\u016f, let\u0148\u00e1k\u016f, vzducholapk\u016f \u010di vzdu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f, jak se letn\u00edm host\u016fm \u0159\u00edkalo, je\u0161t\u011b nevlastnilo automobil. Inzer\u00e1ty v\u011bt\u0161inou slibovaly \u010dist\u00fd vzduch, p\u0159\u00edrodu a pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00e9 pohodl\u00ed.
\nTeprve na m\u00edst\u011b z\u00e1jemce leckdy zjistil, \u017ee v obci je jen pra\u0161n\u00e1 cesta, na dvorku p\u00e1chnouc\u00ed hnoji\u0161t\u011b a ve vlhk\u00e9m a tmav\u00e9m pokoji, ur\u010den\u00e9m pro hosty, spousta much a jin\u00e9ho hmyzu. Zh\u00fd\u010dkan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm jedinc\u016fm nevyhovoval such\u00fd z\u00e1chod, nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00ed v chalup\u011b \u010di tvrd\u00e9 postele s \u017e\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdmi matracemi.<\/p>\n

Ne v\u017edy m\u011bli letn\u00ed host\u00e9 k dispozici kuchyni se spor\u00e1kem a troubou, a tak si j\u00eddlo p\u0159ipravovali jen na lihov\u00fdch va\u0159i\u010d\u00edch nebo byli odk\u00e1z\u00e1ni na stravov\u00e1n\u00ed po hospod\u00e1ch. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed proto bylo jezdit do m\u00edst na doporu\u010den\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fdch nebo t\u011bch, kter\u00e1 znali z minulosti. Rodina se \u010dasto vracela na tot\u00e9\u017e m\u00edsto, a pokud j\u00ed to finan\u010dn\u00ed situace umo\u017e\u0148ovala, \u010dasem si v obl\u00edben\u00e9 lokalit\u011b po\u0159\u00eddila vlastn\u00ed chalupu nebo letn\u00ed vilu.<\/p>\n

C\u00edlem letn\u00edch pobyt\u016f m\u011bla b\u00fdt hlavn\u011b zm\u011bna prost\u0159ed\u00ed, \u00fat\u011bk z ru\u0161n\u00e9ho m\u011bsta do klidu, do p\u0159\u00edrody. Vst\u00e1valo se pozd\u011b, vydatn\u011b sn\u00eddalo, pot\u00e9 si mu\u017ei pro\u010detli noviny a \u017eeny se vydaly obstarat potraviny k ob\u011bdu. V\u011bt\u0161inou m\u00ed\u0159ily k m\u00edstn\u00edm sedl\u00e1k\u016fm pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed produkty \u2013 ml\u00e9ko, vaj\u00ed\u010dka, s\u00fdry, maso, brambory \u2013 a libovaly si, jak budou te\u010f j\u00edst zdrav\u011b. Zbytek dopoledne str\u00e1vily p\u0159\u00edpravou j\u00eddla, pokud se rodina nevydala na ob\u011bd do n\u011bkdy i dost vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 restaurace.<\/p>\n

C\u00edlem v\u00fdlet\u016f b\u00fdvaly tak\u00e9 rozhledny, hrady a z\u00e1mky v okol\u00ed \u010di koupali\u0161t\u011b. N\u011bkdy se luf\u0165\u00e1ci, roztrou\u0161en\u00ed po okol\u00ed, nav\u0161t\u011bvovali navz\u00e1jem a debatovali u k\u00e1vy \u010di sklenky v\u00edna. Mu\u017ei se v\u011bnovali kart\u00e1m, sportovn\u011bji zalo\u017een\u00e9 rodiny m\u00f3dn\u00edmu tenisu, pokud byly n\u011bkde v bl\u00edzkosti kurty, \u010di cyklistice. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161ichni tak\u00e9 vyr\u00e1\u017eeli do lesa na houby a jin\u00e9 lesn\u00ed plody, kter\u00e9 pak po zbytek dne zpracov\u00e1vali. Ve\u010der se chodilo za z\u00e1bavou do m\u00edstn\u00edho hostince, na film do kina nebo do divadla na p\u0159edstaven\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch ochotn\u00edk\u016f. N\u011bkdo si po ve\u010derech \u010detl, \u017eeny \u010dasto pletly nebo vy\u0161\u00edvaly.<\/p>\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tky pr\u00e1zdninov\u00fdch pobyt\u016f luf\u0165\u00e1k\u016f v \u0161umavsk\u00fdch Malenic\u00edch m\u011bl na sv\u011bdom\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed far\u00e1\u0159 Franti\u0161ek Pavl\u00ed\u010dek, za n\u00edm\u017e v roce 1860 p\u0159ijel jeho bratr Bartolom\u011bj, tehdy student. M\u00edsto si velmi obl\u00edbil, a tak se sem pravideln\u011b vracel, pozd\u011bji i se svou rodinou. To u\u017e byly na fa\u0159e z\u0159\u00edzeny jednoduch\u00e9 hostinsk\u00e9 pokoje. Po smrti far\u00e1\u0159e p\u0159es\u00eddlil jeho bratr Bartolom\u011bj do domu \u010dp. 45, kter\u00fd vlastnili Jan a Marie Podskalsk\u00fdch. Jak jm\u00e9no napov\u00edd\u00e1, jedn\u00e1 se o p\u0159edky popul\u00e1rn\u00edho re\u017eis\u00e9ra Zde\u0148ka Podskalsk\u00e9ho, jeho\u017e rod je s obc\u00ed spojen\u00fd po n\u011bkolik stolet\u00ed. Od roku 1913 pak Pavl\u00ed\u010dkovi p\u0159es\u00eddlili na l\u00e9to do luxusn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed \u2013 vily Marie, kterou mezit\u00edm v tzv. Z\u00e1most\u00ed postavili brat\u0159i Jan a Franti\u0161ek Podskalsk\u00fdch pro svou maminku, podle n\u00ed\u017e d\u016fm tak\u00e9 pojmenovali. Tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed malenick\u00fd far\u00e1\u0159, Franti\u0161ek Bronec, myslel na letn\u00ed hosty, pro n\u011b\u017e na \u010d\u00e1sti farsk\u00e9 zahrady postavil v roce 1893 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fd ku\u017eeln\u00edk. Stal se obl\u00edben\u00fdm m\u00edstem ka\u017edodenn\u00edho setk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a porovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti mezi luf\u0165\u00e1ky a dom\u00e1c\u00edmi.<\/p>\n

V dob\u011b, kdy byla dostav\u011bna vila Marie, m\u011bly Malenice 573 \u010desk\u00fdch obyvatel, 115 domovn\u00edch \u010d\u00edsel, \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed zast\u00e1vku, farn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad, trojt\u0159\u00eddku, t\u0159i obchody se sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdm zbo\u017e\u00edm, kujnou hu\u0165, ml\u00fdn, t\u0159i hostince, dva krej\u010d\u00ed pro mu\u017ee, dv\u011b \u0161vadleny pro \u017eeny, zahradn\u00edka, dva kov\u00e1\u0159e, \u0159ezn\u00edka, truhl\u00e1\u0159e, kol\u00e1\u0159e, dv\u011b cihelny a ochotnick\u00e9 divadlo. N\u011bkolik vil i v\u011bt\u0161ina dom\u016f byly za\u0159\u00edzeny pro letn\u00ed hosty. Maleni\u010dt\u00ed pochopili, \u017ee si mohou p\u0159es l\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edjemn\u011b p\u0159ivyd\u011blat a spole\u010densky si u\u017e\u00edt s mnohdy zaj\u00edmav\u00fdmi let\u0148\u00e1ky. Polovinu vily Marie vlastnil Franti\u0161ek Podskalsk\u00fd, d\u00edlensk\u00fd u\u010ditel na pr\u016fmyslovce v Praze, kter\u00e9mu se z man\u017eelstv\u00ed s Mari\u00ed Hesounovou v roce 1923 narodil jedin\u00fd syn Zden\u011bk.<\/p>\n

\u201eV\u00fdborn\u011b se na m\u011b hodil tehdej\u0161\u00ed \u2013 pon\u011bkud hanliv\u00fd pojem \u2013 jedin\u00e1\u010dek. Ve vsi mi pr\u00fd \u0159\u00edkali Zdene\u010dek z vily a chodil jsem v n\u00e1mo\u0159nick\u00e9m oble\u010dku,\u201c<\/em> vzpom\u00ednal pozd\u011bji Zden\u011bk Podskalsk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Jeho tat\u00ednek byl v\u0161eum\u011bl a v podkrov\u00ed vily m\u011bl d\u00edlnu, v n\u00ed\u017e kutil. M\u011bl v kraji prvn\u00ed motocykl s \u0159emenic\u00ed, postaral se o prvn\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00ed u mostu p\u0159es \u0159\u00ed\u010dku Voly\u0148ku, pozd\u011bji zavedl do vsi elektriku. Byl ale tak\u00e9 v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00fd myslivec a v ochotnick\u00e9m spolku hr\u00e1val milovn\u00edky. Zem\u0159el, kdy\u017e bylo Zde\u0148kovi \u010dtrn\u00e1ct.
\nPo roce 1945 se fenom\u00e9n letn\u00edch byt\u016f vytr\u00e1cel, ale nikdy zcela nevymizel. Postupn\u011b se prom\u011bnil v chalupa\u0159en\u00ed a chata\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V Malenic\u00edch se zrodila dv\u011b p\u0159irozen\u00e1 centra, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v 70. a 80. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed hostila mnoh\u00e9 zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 osobnosti. T\u00edm prvn\u00edm byla op\u011bt vila Marie, kde tr\u00e1vil Zden\u011bk Podskalsk\u00fd v\u011bt\u0161inu sv\u00e9ho voln\u00e9ho \u010dasu. S n\u00edm sem za\u010dala jezdit i jeho partnerka, popul\u00e1rn\u00ed here\u010dka Ji\u0159ina Jir\u00e1skov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 tu po roce 1969 na\u0161la doslova azyl. Pot\u00e9, kdy odsoudila invazi vojsk Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy do \u010ceskoslovenska, m\u011bla na n\u011bkolik let z\u00e1kaz filmov\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159i pr\u00e1ci na zahrad\u011b u \u201ePodskal\u00e1ka\u201c, jak se re\u017eis\u00e9rovi \u0159\u00edkalo, zapom\u00ednala na v\u0161echny k\u0159ivdy.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fdm centrem se stal d\u016fm mal\u00ed\u0159e Jaroslava Pe\u0161ka, kamar\u00e1da Zde\u0148ka Podskalsk\u00e9ho od d\u011btsk\u00fdch let. Oba tak\u00e9 p\u016fsobili v malenick\u00e9m ochotnick\u00e9m spolku. Osobnost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u0161echny tmelila dohromady, byla mal\u00ed\u0159ova man\u017eelka, profesorka Marie Pe\u0161kov\u00e1, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed b\u0159i\u0161n\u00ed chirur\u017eka. Zat\u00edmco p\u0159es t\u00fdden operovala na chirurgick\u00e9 klinice v Praze, o v\u00edkendech pob\u00fdvala se sv\u00fdm mu\u017eem v Malenic\u00edch. Zvl\u00e1dala p\u00e9\u010di o d\u016fm i zahradu, a je\u0161t\u011b poka\u017ed\u00e9 nava\u0159ila pro v\u0161echny, kdo p\u0159ijeli na n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu, a pro man\u017eela na t\u00fdden dop\u0159edu. K Podskalsk\u00fdm a Pe\u0161k\u016fm p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u011bli logicky p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mal\u00ed\u0159i a herci \u2013 a dva z nich, Olga \u010cu\u0159\u00edkov\u00e1 a Ji\u0159\u00ed Pleskot, si tu nakonec tak\u00e9 koupili chalupu. Dnes m\u016f\u017eete j\u00edt v\u0161em zap\u00e1lit sv\u00ed\u010dku na zdej\u0161\u00ed h\u0159bitov anebo si na n\u011b zavzpom\u00ednat v S\u00edni sl\u00e1vy na malenick\u00e9 fa\u0159e.<\/p>\n

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Zdroj:<\/strong> Blanka Kova\u0159\u00edkov\u00e1, Pr\u00e1vo<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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