{"id":162397,"date":"2023-05-23T17:09:11","date_gmt":"2023-05-23T16:09:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=162397"},"modified":"2023-05-23T17:09:11","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T16:09:11","slug":"stara-sumava-letnice-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=162397","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Letnice"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Selsk\u00e9 Letnice<\/h6>\n

Star\u00fd sedl\u00e1k sezen\u00edm unaven<\/em>
\na zv\u011bdav, jak si zrno letos stoj\u00ed,<\/em>
\nza Letnic, kdy je modrost\u0159\u00edbr\u00fd den,<\/em>
\njde po mez\u00edch se pomalou\u010dku proj\u00edt.<\/em><\/p>\n

Hled\u00ed tak, cosi muml\u00e1 pro sebe<\/em>
\na nad poli svatoz\u00e1\u0159 rozl\u00e9v\u00e1 se.<\/em>
\nL\u00e1ny jdou vlny st\u00edn\u016f pod nebem,<\/em>
\nto obil\u00ed mu kvete v pln\u00e9 kr\u00e1se.<\/em><\/p>\n

Usm\u00edv\u00e1 se, je sam\u00fd jas a svit<\/em>
\na klasy ho\u0159\u00ed kolem jeho tv\u00e1\u0159e<\/em>
\na zlat\u00fdm ohn\u011bm vid\u00ed Boha j\u00edt<\/em>
\na pokleknout pak uprost\u0159ed t\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159e.<\/em><\/p>\n

\nV p\u0159ekr\u00e1sn\u00e9m \u010dase svatodu\u0161n\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f m\u016f\u017eeme skute\u010dn\u011b zaznamenat v\u0161ude vl\u00e1du a vanut\u00ed Ducha svat\u00e9ho – “Se\u0161li Ducha sv\u00e9ho a obnov\u00ed\u0161 tv\u00e1\u0159 zem\u011b.” Kolik jen zelen\u011b, kolik kv\u011bt\u016f v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b kolem! Vid\u00edme, kterak zem\u011b d\u00fdch\u00e1 Bo\u017e\u00edm po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00edm. V napln\u011bn\u00fdch kostel\u00edch vz\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed Ducha Svat\u00e9ho, aby zah\u0159\u00e1l a rozz\u00e1\u0159il i jejich srdce. “P\u0159ij\u010f, \u00f3 Bo\u017ee sv\u00e1tostn\u00fd!” Z nebesk\u00e9 n\u00e1dhery se\u0161li paprsek sv\u00e9ho sv\u011btla. My vyhnanci z domova jsme o t\u011bch velk\u00fdch sv\u00e1tc\u00edch ve zcela zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm rozpolo\u017een\u00ed.<\/h6>\n

Sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed radost nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v n\u00e1s tak skute\u010dn\u011b horouc\u00ed, stra\u0161liv\u00fd osud na n\u00e1s dol\u00e9h\u00e1 opravdu t\u011b\u017ece, t\u00edsn\u00ed n\u00e1s v\u0161echny nesm\u00edrn\u011b. Stali jsme se o tolik chud\u0161\u00ed. “Ut\u011b\u0161iteli opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch, osv\u011b\u017een\u00ed pln\u00e9 lahodnosti, p\u0159ij\u010f, ty p\u0159esladk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edteli du\u0161\u00ed!” – Bo\u017e\u00ed Duch n\u00e1s mus\u00ed s\u00edlit. Na\u0161e mysl zal\u00e9t\u00e1 v ten kr\u00e1sn\u00fd \u010das znovu tam, kde jsme byli doma. Uloupili n\u00e1m v\u0161echno, ale o domov v du\u0161i n\u00e1s oloupit nemohou. \u017dije v na\u0161\u00ed du\u0161i z\u00e1\u0159iv\u00fd a kr\u00e1sn\u00fd, ozlacen sluncem, domov se sv\u00fdmi horami a \u00fadol\u00edmi, se v\u0161emi sv\u00fdmi ro\u010dn\u00edmi oby\u010deji.<\/p>\n

Tam v zelen\u00e9 \u0160umav\u011b b\u00fdvalo o letnic\u00edch tak n\u00e1dhern\u011b. Zelenala se luka, zelenaly se lesy, zelenala se pole i horsk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161iny. V p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b se probouzelo v\u0161echno nanovo, i v lidech se probouzelo pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed ze \u017eivota. Zejm\u00e9na ml\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159ekypovalo bujnost\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00ed radost z n\u011bj p\u0159\u00edmo \u010di\u0161ela. Chlapci tropili lecjakou neplechu. Ne nadarmo se noci soboty svatodu\u0161n\u00ed \u0159\u00edkalo i “Ruiniernacht” (tj. asi jako “kazisv\u011btsk\u00e1”), kdy hrozilo na vsi v\u0161emu, co nebylo p\u0159ipevn\u011bno n\u00fdtem \u010di p\u0159ibito h\u0159eb\u00edkem, \u017ee to bude n\u011bkam za\u0161antro\u010deno, vozy rozebr\u00e1ny, dokonce vyneseny a\u017e na st\u0159echu a tak podobn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Ve vs\u00edch se teprve o letnic\u00edch strojila m\u00e1jka. Chlapec vsadil sv\u00e9 znejmilej\u0161\u00ed stuhami kr\u00e1sn\u011b vy\u0161\u0148o\u0159en\u00fd stromek rovnou pod okno kom\u016frky. R\u00e1no na svatodu\u0161n\u00ed ned\u011bli se ka\u017ed\u00fd sna\u017eil vypadnout z pe\u0159in co mo\u017en\u00e1 brzi\u010dko. Tomu, kdo vst\u00e1val jako posledn\u00ed, bylo sn\u00e1\u0161et posm\u011bch ostatn\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1sn\u00fdm zvykem b\u00fdvala ve Volarech na pond\u011bl\u00ed svatodu\u0161n\u00ed vych\u00e1zka zvan\u00e1 tu “Gr\u00fcnebenausgehen”. Hned s \u010derstv\u00fdm rann\u00edm sluncem putovala ml\u00e1de\u017e a s n\u00ed i mnoz\u00ed star\u0161\u00ed, jejich\u017e srdce z\u016fstala dosud mlad\u00e1, za zvuk\u016f znamenit\u00e9 hudebn\u00ed kapely k ho\u0159e Schreiner (dnes ov\u0161em jen Bob\u00edk – pozn. p\u0159ekl.), tomu domovsk\u00e9mu vrchu v\u0161ech Volarsk\u00fdch. Hlaholily hudebn\u00ed kousky a zn\u00e1m\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b, v\u0161echno se radovalo. Pak se \u0161lo zase zp\u00e1tky dol\u016f do m\u011bsta ke m\u0161i v d\u011bkansk\u00e9m kostele, kde hudba dala to nejlep\u0161\u00ed, co um\u011bla, k poct\u011b Ducha svat\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Volary byly v\u016fbec v\u017edycky domovem p\u0159\u00e1tel hudby a nebylo snad domu, kde by se nehr\u00e1lo alespo\u0148 na n\u011bjak\u00fd hudebn\u00ed n\u00e1stroj. Chr\u00e1mov\u00e1 hudba byla skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159\u00edkladn\u00e1 a pov\u011bstn\u00e1 po cel\u00e9 \u0160umav\u011b. I zp\u011bv v kostele byl na pot\u011b\u0161iteln\u00e9 \u00farovni. Mlad\u00ed i sta\u0159\u00ed zp\u00edvali p\u0159i obou rann\u00edch bohoslu\u017eb\u00e1ch o ned\u011bl\u00edch a sv\u00e1tc\u00edch, zat\u00edmco p\u0159i hrub\u00e9 m\u0161i zazn\u011bl v\u017edycky cel\u00fd latinsk\u00fd text s \u00fapln\u00fdm orchestrem. M\u011bli jsme i vlastn\u00ed kosteln\u00ed zp\u011bvn\u00edk. Z t\u011bch mnoha dopis\u016f, kter\u00e9 od Volarsk\u00fdch st\u00e1le dost\u00e1v\u00e1m, hovo\u0159\u00ed v\u017edy znova velik\u00fd stesk po tom kr\u00e1sn\u00e9m kosteln\u00edm zp\u011bvu a chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 hudb\u011b. Stesk po domov\u011b! Nic n\u00e1s nesm\u00ed zdrtit, zbavit nad\u011bje a odvahy – “V \u00fanav\u011b daruj klid, zchla\u010f \u017e\u00e1r, co stravuje, dou\u0161kem \u00falevy, ut\u011b\u0161 toho, kdo tone v slz\u00e1ch.”<\/p>\n

K\u00e9\u017e Bo\u017e\u00ed Duch \u0159\u00edd\u00ed d\u011bje sv\u011bta tak, aby na\u0161e pr\u00e1vo na vlast, jeho\u017e se nem\u016f\u017eeme nikdy z\u0159\u00edci, do\u0161lo zase napln\u011bn\u00ed!<\/p>\n

T\u011bmito \u0159\u00e1dky bych r\u00e1d pozdravil v\u0161echny Volarsk\u00e9 i ostatn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 z cel\u00e9 \u0160umavy. Odvahu a hlavu vzh\u016fru! Bo\u017e\u00ed Duch V\u00e1m ned\u00e1 zahynout!<\/p>\n

V lidov\u00fdch zvyc\u00edch i lidov\u00e9m um\u011bn\u00ed m\u011bl v\u00fdznam motiv pt\u00e1ka – vlastn\u011b holubice Ducha svat\u00e9ho. K lidov\u00fdm oby\u010dej\u016fm tohoto obdob\u00ed pat\u0159ilo tak\u00e9 obch\u00e1zen\u00ed pol\u00ed a hranic obc\u00ed, \u010dist\u011bn\u00ed stud\u00e1nek a dal\u0161\u00ed projevy souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s vodou a de\u0161t\u011bm.<\/p>\n

Pom\u011brn\u011b sv\u00e9r\u00e1zn\u011b slavili letnice lid\u00e9 na \u0160umav\u011b. U\u017e n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f p\u0159edem tu \u010deled\u00ednov\u00e9 a pas\u00e1\u010dci nacvi\u010dovali pr\u00e1sk\u00e1n\u00ed dlouh\u00fdmi bi\u010di. Zprvu jednotliv\u011b a pak sjednoceni ve dvou\u010dtvrte\u010dn\u00edm a t\u0159\u00ed\u0161estinov\u00e9m taktu pr\u00e1skali bi\u010di dlouho do noci dokud nedos\u00e1hli v tomto um\u011bn\u00ed mistrovstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Svi\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a r\u00e1ny bi\u010dem m\u011bly pr\u00fd zn\u00e1zor\u0148ovat onen hukot a v\u00edtr, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m o prvn\u00edch letnic\u00edch na apo\u0161toly sestoupil Duch svat\u00fd. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 v\u0161ak tvrdili, \u017ee pr\u00e1sk\u00e1n\u00edm bi\u010di se vyh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed \u010darod\u011bjnice. Ty pr\u00fd takov\u00fd hluk nesn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed a rad\u011bji opust\u00ed zemi.<\/p>\n

Pastevci p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edchodem letnic z\u016fst\u00e1vali vzh\u016fru celou noc, jen aby mohli hned za sv\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed vyh\u00e1n\u011bt dobytek na pastvu. Opozdilci se vystavovali nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee se stanou st\u0159edem posm\u011bchu a z\u00edsk\u00e1vali pro cel\u00fd n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed rok hanliv\u00e9 p\u0159ezd\u00edvky. Kr\u00e1v\u011b, kter\u00e1 vy\u0161la ze st\u00e1je jako posledn\u00ed se \u0159\u00edkalo “Pfingstschwonz” (Letnicov\u00fd oc\u00e1sek). Podobn\u011b to nem\u011bl jednoduch\u00e9 ten, kdo o Bo\u017e\u00edm hodu vstal jako posledn\u00ed nebo dokonce zaspal.<\/p>\n

K sn\u00eddani b\u00fdvala k\u00e1va, koblihy nebo buchty. V\u0161ichni pak putovali na slavnou m\u0161i do kostela. Pokud cesta byla dlouh\u00e1 a nam\u00e1hav\u00e1, stav\u011bli se mu\u017e\u0161t\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b v hospod\u011b na housku, jedno \u010di dv\u011b piva. P\u0159i vyzv\u00e1n\u011bn\u00ed kosteln\u00edch zvon\u016f se v\u0161ak v\u0161ichni zvedali, aby bohoslu\u017ebu nezme\u0161kali. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed kosteln\u00ed specialitu na hod bo\u017e\u00ed svatodu\u0161n\u00ed m\u00edvali v Kn\u00ed\u017eec\u00edch Pl\u00e1n\u00edch. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed slavnostn\u00ed m\u0161e svat\u00e9 tu b\u00fdvalo tradi\u010dn\u011b dlouh\u00e9 k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ov\u0161em m\u00edstn\u00ed far\u00e1\u0159 v\u017edy uprost\u0159ed p\u0159eru\u0161oval t\u00edm, \u017ee si v klidu otev\u0159el lahvi\u010dku se \u0161\u0148upav\u00fdm tab\u00e1kem, vydatn\u011b si \u0161\u0148upnul a n\u00e1sledn\u011b hlasit\u011b k\u00fdchnul. Na ten okam\u017eik \u010dekali snad v\u0161ichni p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00ed. Jako na povel se mezi nimi rozpoutalo v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 \u0161\u0148up\u00e1n\u00ed a pak k\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed, smrk\u00e1n\u00ed a ka\u0161l\u00e1n\u00ed do p\u0159ipraven\u00fdch \u010dist\u00fdch a vy\u017eehlen\u00fdch kapesn\u00edk\u016f. Po chv\u00edli pak v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm pohledem kn\u011bz shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed uklidnil, k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed dokon\u010dil a bohoslu\u017eba pokra\u010dovala d\u016fstojn\u011b d\u00e1l jako obvykle.<\/p>\n

V lidov\u00fdch zvyc\u00edch letnic se \u010dasto objevoval motiv pt\u00e1ka, upom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed na holubici svat\u00e9ho Ducha. Staro\u010desk\u00fd zvyk “st\u0159\u00edlen\u00ed ku pt\u00e1ku”, kter\u00fd k n\u00e1m p\u0159inesli n\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed kolonist\u00e9, v\u0161ak c\u00edrkev zavrhovala. Pr\u00fd n\u011bkdy u\u017e v 17. \u010di 18. stolet\u00ed se na \u0160umavu dostal z Bavorska zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed letnicov\u00fd zvyk, naz\u00fdvan\u00fd “zp\u011bv vodn\u00edho pt\u00e1ka”. V noci p\u0159ed svatodu\u0161n\u00edm pond\u011bl\u00edm se sch\u00e1zeli chlapci, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u00e1sli dobytek. Ze sv\u00e9ho st\u0159edu zvolili p\u0159edzp\u011bv\u00e1ka – tzv. vodn\u00edho pt\u00e1ka. Ten podle pov\u011bsti b\u00fdval sly\u0161et, kdy\u017e zrovna pr\u0161elo. Toti\u017e za svou lenost byl tento ope\u0159enec \u00fadajn\u011b potrest\u00e1n t\u00edm, \u017ee nesm\u011bl p\u00edt jinou vodu ne\u017e de\u0161\u0165ovou.<\/p>\n

Chlapci vy\u010dkali p\u016flnoc a potom obch\u00e1zeli usedlosti a p\u0159ed ka\u017edou zp\u00edvali sv\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pop\u011bvky. N\u011bkde u\u017e na tyto letnicov\u00e9 koledn\u00edky \u010dekaly d\u00edvky a hospodyn\u011b s p\u0159ipraven\u00fdmi v\u011bdry. Hned po dozp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed je polily od hlavy a\u017e k pat\u011b. Teprve pak mohli ho\u0161i vej\u00edt do domu, kde dostali n\u011bco s\u00e1dla, mouky, vejce i ml\u00e9ko. Tak obe\u0161li celou ves a z v\u00fdslu\u017eky si pak uspo\u0159\u00e1dali hostinu.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong> Die Stadt Wallern im B\u00f6hmerwald (2004), s. 96-97 P. Franz Xaver Heidler, Leo Hans Mally P\u0159eklady a \u010desk\u00e9 texty Jan Mare\u0161 – Jiho\u010desk\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 knihovna v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch, Vladim\u00edr Horpeniak, – Muzeum \u0160umavy Ka\u0161persk\u00e9 Hory<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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