{"id":156882,"date":"2020-04-08T16:23:19","date_gmt":"2020-04-08T15:23:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=156882"},"modified":"2020-04-08T16:24:58","modified_gmt":"2020-04-08T15:24:58","slug":"stara-sumava-odlety-zvonu-do-rima","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zakrasnejsivimperk.cz\/?p=156882","title":{"rendered":"STAR\u00c1 \u0160UMAVA: Odlety zvon\u016f do \u0158\u00edma"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Zvony n\u00e1m st\u00e1le p\u0159ipadaj\u00ed kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 a magick\u00e9, jako v\u0161echny atributy prov\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed d\u011bjiny lidstva ji\u017e po tis\u00edcilet\u00ed. Ve star\u00e9m Egypt\u011b zvony ohla\u0161ovaly slavnosti na b\u0159ez\u00edch Nilu a v \u0158\u00edm\u011b otev\u0159en\u00ed l\u00e1zn\u00ed nebo shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed lidu. Do k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 liturgie se zvon dostal a\u017e roku 313, kdy kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed za\u010dali svol\u00e1vat k bohoslu\u017eb\u00e1m zvon\u011bn\u00edm.<\/h6>\n

O roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed se zaslou\u017eil pape\u017e \u0158eho\u0159 v sedm\u00e9m stolet\u00ed, kdy bylo vyd\u00e1no na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed o zvon\u011bn\u00ed. Hlas zvon\u016f se v t\u00e9 dob\u011b rozezn\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i volb\u011b, korunovaci i poh\u0159bu kr\u00e1le, ale i p\u0159i po\u017e\u00e1rech nebo p\u0159ed vp\u00e1dem nep\u0159\u00e1tel. Tajemstv\u00ed odl\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed zvon\u016f st\u0159e\u017eily rodiny zvona\u0159\u016f po cel\u00e9 generace. K lit\u00ed zvon\u016f se tehdy v\u00e1zala i \u0159ada pravidel. P\u0159i jejich lit\u00ed nesm\u011bl nikdo zalhat a zvonovina na v\u00fdrobu se nesm\u011bla nikde ukr\u00e1st. Zvony by pr\u00fd provinilce prozradily sv\u00fdm hlasem a on by za h\u0159\u00edch zaplatil sv\u00fdm \u017eivotem. Pokud by se zvony p\u0159em\u00edstily do jin\u00e9 zvonice, odlet\u011bly by pr\u00fd znovu zp\u011bt, stejn\u011b jako po velikono\u010dn\u00edm t\u00fddnu p\u0159ilet\u00ed z \u0158\u00edma.<\/p>\n

Nev\u011b\u0159\u00edte? Tak poslouchejte b\u011bhem velikono\u010dn\u00edch sv\u00e1tk\u016f to nezvykl\u00e9 ticho bez zvon\u016f. V\u00fdlet zvon\u016f do italsk\u00e9 metropole pat\u0159\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u011b k velikono\u010dn\u00edm sv\u00e1tk\u016fm. Kdy tam let\u00ed, jak dlouho tam pobudou a pro\u010d to vlastn\u011b d\u011blaj\u00ed? U\u017e nen\u00ed mnoho m\u00edst, kde kluci na Zelen\u00fd \u010dtvrtek a Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek obch\u00e1zej\u00ed s \u0159ehta\u010dkami vesnici a zp\u00edvaj\u00ed o tom, \u017ee Kristus P\u00e1n \u201epro sv\u00e9 umu\u010den\u00ed dal n\u00e1m v\u011b\u010dnou milost a po tomto \u017eivot\u011b v nebi v\u011b\u010dnou radost\u201c.<\/em> Hrkalo se v\u017edycky \u0161estkr\u00e1t: poprv\u00e9 vpodve\u010der na Zelen\u00fd \u010dtvrtek, \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t na Velk\u00fd p\u00e1tek \u2013 k tomu se p\u0159idalo tak\u00e9 hon\u011bn\u00ed Jid\u00e1\u0161e, a naposledy na B\u00edlou sobotu v p\u011bt hodin r\u00e1no.<\/p>\n

Pov\u011bst o odl\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed zvon\u016f do \u0158\u00edma na Velikonoce je v\u0161eobecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e1. V\u017edy na Zelen\u00fd \u010dtvrtek po odezn\u011bn\u00ed modlitby Sl\u00e1va na v\u00fdsostech Bohu (Gloria in excelsis Deo) zvony umlkaj\u00ed a odl\u00e9taj\u00ed do \u0158\u00edma pro po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed svat\u00e9ho otce. N\u011bkdy se tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zvony odl\u00e9taj\u00ed proto, \u017ee se boj\u00ed \u0159ehta\u010dek. Let\u00ed zcela ti\u0161e, prvn\u00ed ty nejstar\u0161\u00ed, kter\u00e9 znaj\u00ed cestu, na konci mal\u00e9, aby se neztratily, pr\u016fvod uzav\u00edraj\u00ed Zikmund z chr\u00e1mu svat\u00e9ho V\u00edta a Marie z T\u00fdnsk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu \u2013 velik\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 zvony, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e po l\u00e9ta slou\u017e\u00ed jako str\u00e1\u017e.<\/p>\n

V tomto pr\u016fvodu se objevuj\u00ed i n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed podivn\u00ed host\u00e9 \u2013 zvonov\u00fd kov se toti\u017e ani p\u0159i rozlit\u00ed nezbavuje povinnosti vykonat ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed pou\u0165 do \u0158\u00edma, a tak jedna pov\u011bst vypravuje, jak d\u011blost\u0159elci v bitv\u011b na Piav\u011b postr\u00e1dali o velikono\u010dn\u00ed noci sv\u00e1 d\u011bla.<\/p>\n

Kudy p\u0159esn\u011b zvony let\u00ed a jak p\u0159ekon\u00e1vaj\u00ed Alpy, nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo, jsou ale na tomto letu ne\u00fanavn\u00ed \u2013 nen\u00ed zpr\u00e1v o tom, \u017ee by snad n\u011bkter\u00fd z nich let nevydr\u017eel nebo se cestou ztratil. Pak jim pape\u017e po\u017eehn\u00e1 za v\u011brn\u00e9 slu\u017eby: Mil\u00e9 zvony, d\u011bkuji v\u00e1m za celoro\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. Sv\u011bdomit\u011b jste plnily svoje \u00fakoly. Zvaly jste lidi k modlitb\u00e1m, ohla\u0161ovaly svatby, k\u0159ty, \u00famrt\u00ed i poh\u0159by, zvonily jste klek\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0161turmovaly jste, kdy\u017e se bl\u00ed\u017eil po\u017e\u00e1r nebo velk\u00e1 voda. Sv\u00fdm hlasem jste zah\u00e1n\u011bly d\u00e9mony a zl\u00e9 moci, ale taky bou\u0159ku, vich\u0159ici, epidemie \u010di nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e1 vojska. Za to v\u00e1m nyn\u00ed \u017eehn\u00e1m! Bu\u010fte zdr\u00e1vi a na shledanou o p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch Velikonoc\u00edch!<\/em> Na B\u00edlou sobotu po Gloria se vr\u00e1t\u00ed a zvon\u00ed: \u201eByl jsem tam! Byl jsem tam!\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Toto zvon\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e1 pr\u00fd kouzelnou moc \u2013 kdy\u017e hospodyn\u011b p\u0159i tomto zvon\u011bn\u00ed zamete d\u016fm, nebudou se v n\u011bm po cel\u00fd rok dr\u017eet \u0161v\u00e1bi; pokud se p\u0159i n\u011bm \u010dlov\u011bk umyje v pramenit\u00e9 vod\u011b, bude cel\u00fd rok zdr\u00e1v; ovocn\u00fdmi stromy v zahrad\u011b se m\u00e1 zat\u0159\u00e1st, aby se probudily, a rovn\u011b\u017e post\u0159\u00edkat vodou (nebo pot\u0159\u00edt \u010derstv\u011b zad\u011blan\u00fdm t\u011bstem), co\u017e jim pr\u00fd na cel\u00fd rok dod\u00e1 s\u00edlu.<\/p>\n

K hlasu zvon\u016f se vztahuj\u00ed i jin\u00e9 pov\u011bsti a pov\u011bry: kdo si u\u0159\u00edzne kus provazu od zvonu, dok\u00e1\u017ee podojit ka\u017edou kr\u00e1vu, kam a\u017e je sly\u0161et hlas p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho zvonu. Zn\u00e1m\u00e1 prastar\u00e1 pov\u011bra je zvon\u011bn\u00ed na mraky, kter\u00e9 m\u011blo zahnat bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se bou\u0159i. Tato pov\u011bra m\u00e1 ko\u0159eny je\u0161t\u011b hluboko v pohansk\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch, kdy lid\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee zl\u00e9 d\u00e9mony lze odehnat hlukem. Z toho d\u016fvodu se tak\u00e9 c\u00edrkev sna\u017eila tuto pov\u011bru vym\u00fdtit, ov\u0161em nutno dodat, \u017ee v celku ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b, a tak ji pozd\u011bji ti\u0161e schvaluje – ostatn\u011b zvon byla v\u011bc posv\u011bcen\u00e1 Bohem.<\/p>\n

U n\u00e1s zvon\u011bn\u00ed na mraky zak\u00e1zal tak\u00e9 Josef II., ale ani on neusp\u011bl a z\u0159ejm\u011b byste i dnes na\u0161li n\u011bkter\u00e9 horsk\u00e9 vsi, kde se to dosud provozuje. Kdy\u017e se pr\u00fd pok\u0159t\u011bn\u00e9 nemluvn\u011b dotkne \u00fasty provazu od zvonu, za\u017eene to od n\u011bj na cel\u00fd \u017eivot \u010f\u00e1bla. Ale pozor – jestli se \u00fasty dotkne samotn\u00e9ho zvonu, neudr\u017e\u00ed nikdy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 tajemstv\u00ed
\nOlej, kter\u00fdm se promaz\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010depy, v nich\u017e je usazena zvonov\u00e1 hlavice, lze pr\u00fd u\u017e\u00edt jako vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e9k proti nemocem kloub\u016f.<\/p>\n

A lidov\u00e1 moudrost \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee kdo vzt\u00e1hne ruku na zvony, prohraje v\u00e1lku, co\u017e se zat\u00edm p\u0159i obou v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch rekvizic\u00edch potvrdilo.<\/p>\n

Na prachatick\u00e9 Zlat\u00e9 stezce zvuk zvonu varoval kupeck\u00e9 karavany, aby v noci nese\u0161ly z cesty – \u0159\u00edkalo se mu soumarsk\u00e9 zvon\u011bn\u00ed. C\u00edrkev se v\u0161ak za\u010dala br\u00e1nit proti tomu, aby byly zvony na kostel\u00edch vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed k tak sv\u011btsk\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm. Obce si proto musely po\u0159izovat zvony vlastn\u00ed. Ty pak ohla\u0161ovaly konec trh\u016f, svol\u00e1valy kon\u0161ely k rokov\u00e1n\u00ed, “zvonily na pokoj”,<\/em> kdy\u017e p\u0159i\u0161la uzav\u00edrac\u00ed hodina pro m\u011bstsk\u00e9 \u0161enky, nebo byly dokonce i zav\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1ny na potupn\u00fd pran\u00fd\u0159.<\/p>\n

\u201eZvony, vy se lidem podob\u00e1te, pl\u00e1\u010dete, radujete se, srdce m\u00e1te. Prov\u00e1z\u00edte \u010dlov\u011bka od kol\u00e9bky a\u017e do hrobu.”<\/em><\/p>\n

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Zdroj: Knihy ver\u0161\u016f, Jan Neruda – Legenda o chudob\u011b Otci, KOL\u00c1\u0158\u00cdK, M. – Mluva a moc zvon\u016f v pod\u00e1n\u00ed lidov\u00e9m. IN: \u010cesk\u00fd lid 1927, str. 71 \u2013 72. \u0160ORM, Anton\u00edn. Pov\u011bsti o \u010desk\u00fdch zvonech. Praha: V. Kotrba, 1926<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159ipravuje: Miroslav K\u016eS ANDRES<\/strong><\/p>\n

Foto: archiv autora<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Z cyklu Star\u00e1 \u0160umava)<\/em><\/p>\n

Vzduchem hu\u010d\u00ed to a zvon\u00ed,<\/em>
\n bou\u0159\u00ed to a h\u0159\u00edm\u00e1,<\/em>
\n t\u00e1hnou\u0165 zvony ze v\u0161ech konc\u016f<\/em>
\n do star\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma.<\/em><\/h6>\n
Velk\u00e9, mal\u00e9 zvony hu\u010d\u00ed<\/em>
\n mocn\u011b \u010dernou noc\u00ed,<\/em>
\n ve snu sly\u0161\u00edm je, jak let\u00ed<\/em>
\n tichou Velkonoc\u00ed.<\/em><\/h6>\n
C\u00edt\u00edm, jak ty mocn\u00e9 zvuky<\/em>
\n moje srdce bud\u00ed,<\/em>
\n jak se srdce rozzvonilo<\/em>
\n v t\u0159esouc\u00ed se hrudi.<\/em><\/h6>\n
Rozzvonilo jak za d\u00e1vn\u00fdch,<\/em>
\n jak za d\u011btsk\u00fdch \u010das\u016f,<\/em>
\n kdy\u017e jsem je\u0161t\u011b rozum\u00edval<\/em>
\n kovov\u00e9mu hlasu.<\/em><\/h6>\n
A te\u010f zase srdce zvu\u010d\u00ed<\/em>
\n hu\u010d\u00ed, porozum\u00ed,<\/em>
\n v rozechv\u011bl\u00e9 pobo\u017enosti<\/em>
\n v chorus zvon\u016f \u0161um\u00ed.<\/em><\/h6>\n
Let\u00ed s sebou, \u0161um\u00ed s sebou,<\/em>
\n celo rozechv\u011bl\u00e9,<\/em>
\n jak by putovalo k \u0158\u00edmu<\/em>
\n ve kovov\u00e9m t\u011ble.<\/em><\/h6>\n
Sk\u00e1\u010de, jako v d\u011btsk\u00e9m t\u011ble<\/em>
\n d\u011btsk\u00e9 srdce sk\u00e1\u010de<\/em>
\n bo\u017ee, zvuk ten k smrti smutn\u00fd,<\/em>
\n kdo\u017e to, bo\u017ee, pl\u00e1\u010de?<\/em><\/h6>\n

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